Chandrashekhara Kambara ( kn, ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಕಂಬಾರ; born 2 January 1937) is a prominent Indian

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or w ...

playwright A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes plays. Etymology The word "play" is from Middle English pleye, from Old English plæġ, pleġa, plæġa ("play, exercise; sport, game; drama, applause"). The word "wright" is an archaic English ...

folklorist Folklore studies, less often known as folkloristics, and occasionally tradition studies or folk life studies in the United Kingdom, is the branch of anthropology devoted to the study of folklore. This term, along with its synonyms, gained currenc ...

, film director in

Kannada language Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native ...

and the founder-vice-chancellor of Kannada University in

Hampi Hampi or Hampe, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Hampi town, Vijayanagara district, east-central Karnataka, India. Hampi was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 14th&n ...

also president of the Sahitya Akademi, country's premier literary institution, after Vinayak Krishna Gokak (1983) and U.R. Ananthamurthy (1993). He is known for effective adaptation of the

North Karnataka North Karnataka is a geographical region in Deccan plateau from elevation that constitutes the region of the Karnataka state in India and the region consists of 13 districts. It is drained by the Krishna River and its tributaries the Bhi ...

dialect of the Kannada language in his plays, and poems, in a similar style as in the works of

D.R. Bendre Dattātreya Rāmachandra Bēndre (31 January 1896 – 26 October 1981), popularly known as Da Rā Bēndre, is generally considered the greatest Kannada lyric poet of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the history of Kannada ...

. Kambara's plays mainly revolve around folk or

mythology Myth is a folklore genre consisting of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society, such as foundational tales or origin myths. Since "myth" is widely used to imply that a story is not objectively true, the identification of a narra ...

interlinked with contemporary issues, inculcating modern lifestyle with his hard-hitting poems. He has become a pioneer of such literature. His contribution as a playwright is significant not only to Kannada theatre but also to the

Indian theatre Theatre of India is one of the most ancient forms of theatre and it features a detailed textual, sculptural, and dramatic effects which emerged in mid first millennium BC. Like in the areas of music and dance, the Indian theatre is also defin ...

in general as he achieved a blend of the folk and the modern theatrical forms.The Hindu – Speaking from Shivapura
He has been conferred with many prestigious awards including the

Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service ...

in 2021,

Jnanpith Award The Jnanpith Award is the oldest and the highest Indian literary award presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith to an author for their "outstanding contribution towards literature". Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian w ...

in 2011 for the year 2010,

Sahitya Akademi Award The Sahitya Akademi Award is a literary honour in India, which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 22 languages of the ...

, the

Padma Shri Padma Shri ( IAST: ''padma śrī''), also spelled Padma Shree, is the fourth-highest civilian award of the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna, the Padma Vibhushan and the Padma Bhushan. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is conf ...

Government of India The Government of India ( ISO: ; often abbreviated as GoI), known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national government of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, ...

, Kabir Samman,

Kalidas Samman The Kalidas Samman ( hi, कालिदास सम्मान) is an arts award presented annually by the Government of Madhya Pradesh in India. The award is named after Kālidāsa, a renowned Classical Sanskrit writer of ancient India. The ...

and Pampa Award. After his retirement, Kambara was nominated as the Member of

Karnataka Legislative Council The Karnataka Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of Karnataka state in South Western India. Karnataka is one of the six states in India, where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the L ...

, to which he made significant contributions through his interventions.

Early life

Chandrashekhara Kambara was born in Ghodageri, a village in Belgaum district of

Bombay Presidency The Bombay Presidency or Bombay Province, also called Bombay and Sind (1843–1936), was an administrative subdivision (province) of British India, with its capital in the city that came up over the seven islands of Bombay. The first mainl ...

(today in

Karnataka Karnataka (; ISO 15919, ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reor ...

). He was the third son in the family, with brothers Parasappa and Yallappa who still reside in the small house belonging to the Kambara family in the village. From an early age, Kambara was interested in folk arts, local culture and ritual. His favorite Kannada writers include Kumara Vyasa,

Basava Basaveshwara, colloquially known as Basavanna, was a 12th-century CE Indian statesman, philosopher, poet, Lingayat social reformer in the Shiva-focussed bhakti movement, and a Hindu Shaivite social reformer during the reign of the Kalyani Cha ...

Kuvempu Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa (29 December 1904 – 11 November 1994), popularly known by his pen name Kuvempu, was an Indian poet, playwright, novelist and critic. He is widely regarded as the greatest Kannada poet of the 20th century. He wa ...

and

Gopalakrishna Adiga Mogeri Gopalakrishna Adiga (1918–1992) was a modern Kannada poet. He is known by some commentators as the "pioneer of New style" poetry. The Hindu - 26 September 2002 Biography He was born in an orthodox brahmin family in coastal village of ...

and among English writers, it is

W. B. Yeats William Butler Yeats (13 June 186528 January 1939) was an Irish poet, dramatist, writer and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. He was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival and became a pillar of the Irish liter ...

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...

and

Federico García Lorca Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca (5 June 1898 – 19 August 1936), known as Federico García Lorca ( ), was a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director. García Lorca achieved international recognition as an emblemat ...

. Popularly known as ''Shivapur Kambar Master'' in his native district, Kambara had his schooling in Gokak and returned to Belagavi for higher education at Lingaraj College. Owing to poverty, he had to drop out of school but Jagadguru Siddaram Swamiji of

Savalagi Savalagi is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India, Village code= 132600 It is located in the Jamkhandi taluk of Bagalkot district in Karnataka, it is the birthplace of B. D. Jatti former Vice President of India , also served ...

Matha A ''matha'' (; sa, मठ, ), also written as ''math'', ''muth'', ''mutth'', ''mutt'', or ''mut'', is a Sanskrit word that means 'institute or college', and it also refers to a monastery in Hinduism.

blessed Kambara and took care of all his primary and high school educational expenses which is why Kambara honours the seer in many of his writings. After his post-graduation, he did his PhD thesis on ''Uttara Karnatakada Janapad Rangbhumi'' ("The Folk Theatre of North Karnataka") from Karnataka University,

Dharwad Dharwad (), also known as Dharwar, is a city located in the north western part of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of the Dharwad district of Karnataka and forms a contiguous urban area with the city of Hubballi. It was merge ...

Career

After a brief stint in teaching in the

University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, U of C, or UChi) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood. The University of Chicago is consistently ranked among the b ...

, he taught in

Bangalore University Bangalore University (BU) is a public state university located in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The university is a part of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) and affiliated by Univer ...

for over two decades and was a

Fulbright scholar The Fulbright Program, including the Fulbright–Hays Program, is one of several United States Cultural Exchange Programs with the goal of improving intercultural relations, cultural diplomacy, and intercultural competence between the people o ...

. He has been elected as the chairman of Sahitya Academy on 12 February 2018. He served as the chairman of National School of Drama Society, New Delhi from 1996 to 2000 and as the president of Karnataka Nataka Academy from 1980 to 1983. He started using north Karnataka

dialect The term dialect (from Latin , , from the Ancient Greek word , 'discourse', from , 'through' and , 'I speak') can refer to either of two distinctly different types of linguistic phenomena: One usage refers to a variety of a language that is ...

of Kannada in his poems and plays which is not very common in

Kannada literature Kannada literature is the corpus of written forms of the Kannada language, a member of the Dravidian family spoken mainly in the Indian state of Karnataka and written in the Kannada script. Attestations in literature span one and a half ...

. Kambara is the founder vice-chancellor of the Kannada University at

. His grand vision of Kannada literature and Karnataka culture is reflected in the way he showed commitment to build it. The architecture, the choice of the subjects that cover the diverse variety of culture and society of Karnataka, selection of place, faculty or academic activities, the scholars whom he drafted from different parts of the state and the Nadoja honorary award instead of the

honorary doctorate An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hono ...

which he introduced, show Kambara's native vision which was evolved in his literary works for decades. As the first vice-chancellor of the University, Kambara served two terms of three years each, during which he could shape it in a unique manner, compared to other traditional universities. All the constructions during his tenure as the vice-chancellor are on hillocks, with huge stone structures resembling the Vijayanagara period architecture. He also created a separate publication unit for publishing the results of research and project works going on in Kannada University. He is a strong supporter of imparting school education with

as the

medium of instruction A medium of instruction (plural: media of instruction, or mediums of instruction) is a language used in teaching. It may or may not be the official language of the country or territory. If the first language of students is different from the offic ...

. His justification for this stance is that only

mother tongue A first language, native tongue, native language, mother tongue or L1 is the first language or dialect that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period. In some countries, the term ''native language'' or ''mother tong ...

can provide an "

experience Experience refers to conscious events in general, more specifically to perceptions, or to the practical knowledge and familiarity that is produced by these conscious processes. Understood as a conscious event in the widest sense, experience involv ...

," which is an integral part of learning and learning through any other language only gives people "information," which makes them less competent. This concurs with

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international coope ...

's recommendation that "providing education in a child's mother tongue is a critical issue."

Works

Kambara has to his credit 25 plays, 11

anthologies In book publishing, an anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler; it may be a collection of plays, poems, short stories, songs or excerpts by different authors. In genre fiction, the term ''anthology'' typically categ ...

of poems, 5 novels, 16 research works and several scholarly write-ups on folk theatre, literature and education. Some of his popular plays include "Jokumaraswamy", "Jayasidnayaka", "Kadu Kudure", "Nayi Kathe", "Mahamayi", "Harakeya Kuri" and others. He was conferred with the

in 1991 for another popular play ''Sirisampige''. He was a pioneer in introducing Bailahongal's famous ''Sangya Balya'' (

bayalata Bayalāṭa ( kan, ಬಯಲಾಟ, or Bayalāṭada ) is a generic term for all open air theatre form, including form of Yakshagana found in southern Indian region of Karnataka.The Mask and the Message By Ke Chinnappa Gauḍa · Madipu Prakas ...

) and ''Jokumaraswamy,'' a traditional ritual of his native district, to the literary world which have seen thousands of performances, not only in Kannada, but several other Indian languages as well. His most recent novel, ''Shikhar Soorya'', is rated among the best Kannada novels. Many of his works have been

translated Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''transla ...

to English and several other Indian languages. The play ''Jokumaraswamy'' has been translated to English (Seagull Books, Calcutta in 1989), Marathi (Abholi Prakashan, Solhapur in 2000),

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...

(Vidya Prakashan Mandir, New Delhi in 1985),

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode ...

(Mudrika Printers, Kurnool in 1993),

Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia ** Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils **Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, na ...

Punjabi Punjabi, or Panjabi, most often refers to: * Something of, from, or related to Punjab, a region in India and Pakistan * Punjabi language * Punjabi people * Punjabi dialects and languages Punjabi may also refer to: * Punjabi (horse), a British Th ...

and Malayalam among others. The

-winning play ''Sirisampige'' has been translated to English (Seagull Books) and to Tamil, Hindi, Marathi and Rajasthani by the

Sahitya Akademi The Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, is an organisation dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of, the Indian government. Its of ...

, New Delhi. His novel "Singarevva Mattu Aramane" translated as ''Kulothe Chingaramma'', to

Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry ( Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam wa ...

by C Raghavan, is one of his works that has become popular in Kerala. Apart from his literary career, Kambara has been associated with direction of feature films. His directorial work in many movies on the plays scripted by him; he has directed films such as Karimayi, Sangeeta and Kadu Kudare. Jeeke Maastara Pranaya Prasanga. Two of his plays which have been made into television series. His contributions include many documentaries for the Government of Karnataka and Government of India. His "Kaadu Kudure" entered into the Indian Panorama and won the National Award. His film "Sangeeta" won the Best Feature Film State Award in the year 1981. He has also adopted his play ''G.K. Maastarara Pranaya Prasanga'' for television. Besides his voluminous works, Kambar has presented papers on Indian Folklore and theatre in the University of Chicago, American Oriental Centre, New York, International Theatre Institute – Berlin, Moscow, and Jade: Akita Japan and many universities and cultural organizations in India. The Folklore Dictionary he compiled for Kannada Sahitya Parishad is a monumental work.

Themes

In his lengthy

narrative poem Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often using the voices of both a narrator and characters; the entire story is usually written in metered verse. Narrative poems do not need rhyme. The poems that make up this genre may be ...

''Helatena Kela'' ("Listen, I will tell you") in the early 1960s, Kambara introduced some of the recurring

themes Theme or themes may refer to: * Theme (arts), the unifying subject or idea of the type of visual work * Theme (Byzantine district), an administrative district in the Byzantine Empire governed by a Strategos * Theme (computing), a custom graphical ...

which he would often return to in his later works. Themes of tradition and modernity, crises of feudalism, native identities,

colonialism Colonialism is a practice or policy of control by one people or power over other people or areas, often by establishing colonies and generally with the aim of economic dominance. In the process of colonisation, colonisers may impose their reli ...

, march of history, sex, loss of faith, the

death of God "God is dead" (German: ; also known as the death of God) is a statement made by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. Nietzsche's first use of this statement is his 1882 ''The Gay Science'', where it appears three times. The phrase also ap ...

and several related themes explored later in his plays, novels and poetry had found metaphorical expression in the narrative poem. The eponymous, long narrative poem has the musicality and rhythm of the

Lavani Lavani () is a genre of music popular in Maharashtra, India. Lavani is a combination of traditional song and dance, which particularly performed to the beats of ''Dholki'', a percussion instrument. Lavani is noted for its powerful rhythm. Lavan ...

form and uses rich earthy imagery. ''Shivapura'' is an imaginary

utopian A utopia ( ) typically describes an imaginary community or society that possesses highly desirable or nearly perfect qualities for its members. It was coined by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book ''Utopia'', describing a fictional island socie ...

village which continues to be a character, a

metaphor A metaphor is a figure of speech that, for rhetorical effect, directly refers to one thing by mentioning another. It may provide (or obscure) clarity or identify hidden similarities between two different ideas. Metaphors are often compared wi ...

and the locale in most of his works. It forms the locus of his poems and tales. In his characterisation,

Lord Shiva Shiva (; sa, शिव, lit=The Auspicious One, Śiva ), also known as Mahadeva (; Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐ, or Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the Supreme Being in Shaivism, one o ...

and

Parvati Parvati ( sa, पार्वती, ), Uma ( sa, उमा, ) or Gauri ( sa, गौरी, ) is the Hindu goddess of power, energy, nourishment, harmony, love, beauty, devotion, and motherhood. She is a physical representation of Mahadevi i ...

visit the place and bless the villagers. Even

Rama Rama (; ), Ram, Raman or Ramar, also known as Ramachandra (; , ), is a major deity in Hinduism. He is the seventh and one of the most popular '' avatars'' of Vishnu. In Rama-centric traditions of Hinduism, he is considered the Supreme Bei ...

, when he was going to Sri Lanka in search of

Sita Sita (; ) also called as Janaki and Vaidehi is a Hindu goddess and the female protagonist of the Hindu epic, ''Ramayana''. She is the consort of Rama, the avatar of the god Vishnu, and is regarded as a form of Vishnu's consort, Lakshmi. She ...

, visits the village en route.

Filmography

* ''Karimaayi'' (1975) (director) * '' Kaadu Kudure'' (1979) (director) * ''Sangeeta'' (1980) (director) * ''G.K. Maastarara Pranaya Prasanga'' (1986) (television) * ''Rishyashringa'' (1970) * ''Huliya Neralu'' (1980) * ''

Singaaravva ''Singaaravva'' ( kn, ಸಿಂಗಾರವ್ವ) is 2003 Indian Kannada language film directed by T. S. Nagabharana, based on the novel ''Singaravva Mattu Aramane'' by Chandrashekhara Kambara, and starring Prema and Avinash. At the 50th Nat ...

'' (1982) (writer) * ''

Harakeya Kuri ''Harakeya Kuri'' is a 1992 Indian Kannada political drama film directed and produced by K. S. L. Swamy (Lalitha Ravee). Starring Vishnuvardhan, Prakash Rai and Geetha in lead roles, the film was based on the novel of the same name by Chandr ...

'' (1983) (writer)

Awards and honours

Central awards

(2021) *

Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship The Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, also known as Akademi Ratna Sadasyata, is an Indian honour for the performing arts presented by Sangeet Natak Academy. It is "the most prestigious and rare honour" conferred by the Academy and is "restricte ...

(2011) *

(2010) *

(2001) *

(1991) *

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (IPA: Saṅgīta Nāṭaka Akādamī Puraskāra), also known as the Akademi Puraskar, is an award given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. It is the highest Indian recogni ...

(1983)

State awards

Kadammanitta Ramakrishnan Award This is a list of literary awards given for Malayalam–language. ---- Jnanapeetam Award (Jnanpith) Jnanpith Award, India's most prestigious literary honour, was won by the following Malayalam authors. Other major awards and their winners a ...

(Kerala, 2018) *

(Akademy Ratna Award, 2011) * Devaraj Urs Award (Karnataka, 2007) * Joshua Sahitya Puraskaram (Andhra Pradesh, 2005) * Nadoja Award (2004) * Pampa Award (2004) *

Sant Kabir Award Sant Kabir Award is an Indian Government award conferred to outstanding weavers who have made valuable contribution in keeping alive the handloom heritage. It was established for dedication in building up linkages between the past, present and f ...

(2002) * Masti Award (Karnataka, 1997) * Janapada and Yakshagana Academy Award (1993) * Karnataka Sahitya Academy (1989) *

Rajyotsava Award The Rajyotsava Prashasti or Rajyotsava Awards, the second highest civilian honor of the Karnataka state of India are conferred annually by the Karnataka Government on the occasion of the establishment of the state on 1 November celebrated as ...

(Karnataka, 1988) * Nandikar Award (Calcutta, 1987) * Karnataka Natak Academy (1987) * Kumaran Ashan Award (Kerala, 1982) * Kannada Sahitya Parishat (1975) Five of his books have been awarded by the Karnataka Sahitya Academy. His well-known play ''Jokumaraswamy'' has won the "

Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay (3 April 1903 – 29 October 1988) was an Indian social reformer and freedom activist. She was most remembered for her contribution to the Indian independence movement; for being the driving force behind the renaissanc ...

Award" of ''Natya Sangh'' as the "Best Play of the Year" in India in the year 1975. Another popular play ''Jaisidanayaka'' won the ''Vardhamaana Prashasti'' as the "Best Book of the Year" – 1975 in Karnataka. His ''Saavirada Neralu'' won the "Ashan Award" (Kerala) as the best collection of poems in 1982. He won the K.V. Shankare Gowda Award for Theatre in 1990. He is the recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, New Delhi, for playwrighting in the year 1983 and the

, New Delhi, for the play ''Siri Sampige'' in 1991. Kambara received the eighth

for the Kannada language, the highest literary honour conferred in India, in September 2011 for the year 2010. The prestigious award which was instituted in 1961, carries a cheque for 750,000, a citation and a bronze replica of goddess

Vagdevi Saraswati ( sa, सरस्वती, ) is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, art, speech, wisdom, and learning. She is one of the Tridevi, along with the goddesses Lakshmi and Parvati. The earliest known mention of Saraswati as a ...

. The Chief Minister of Karnataka,

D. V. Sadananda Gowda Devaragunda Venkappa Sadananda Gowda (born 18 March 1953), is an Indian politician who served as the union Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers of India in the Second Modi ministry from 14 November 2018 to 7 July 2021. He also served as the Mi ...

was among the many dignitaries who wished him well on the occasion of receiving this award. At a felicitation ceremony held a week after winning the award, the

Government of Karnataka The Government of Karnataka, abbreviated as, GoK, or simply Karnataka Government, is a democratically-elected state body with the governor as the ceremonial head to govern the Southwest Indian state of Karnataka. The governor who is appoint ...

announced that it will reprint all works of Kambara, including his plays and make them available at all

government school State schools (in England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand) or public schools (Scottish English and North American English) are generally primary or secondary schools that educate all students without charge. They are funded in whole or in p ...

libraries. His works will also be translated to different languages. A drama festival featuring his plays will be staged to honour the laureate.

List of works

His rich contribution to Kannada literature in the field of poetry, plays, novels and stories, and on his research and political perceptions are listed below.

Poetry

* ''Mugulu'' (1958) * ''Helatena Kela'' (1964) * ''Takararinavaru'' (1971) arnataka Sahitya Akademi Award for Poetry* ''Saavirada Neralu'' (1979) shan Award – 1982, Kerala* ''Aayda Kavanagalu'' (1980) * ''Belli Meenu'' (1989) * ''Akkakku Haadugale'' (1993) * ''Eevaregina Helatena Kela'' (1993) * ''Chakori'' (1996) ranslated into English, 1999 * ''Rocks of Hampi'' (Collection of Poems Translated into English by O. L. Nagabhushana Swamy, 2004) * Ayda Kavitegalu (Akshara Prakashana, 2007) * ''Ellide Shivapura'' (2009) * Samagra Kavya (2018)

Plays

* ''Bembattida Kannu'' – 1961 * ''Narcissus'' – 1969 * ''Rishyashringa'' (Filmed) – 1970 * ''Jokumaraswamy'' – 1972 * ''Chalesha'' — 1973 (translated to Hindi by Dakshina Bharath Hindi Prachar Sabha, Madras in 1973) * ''Sangya Balya Anabeko Naadolaga'' – 1975 * ''Kittiya Kathe'' – 1974 * ''Jasisidanayaka'' – 1975 (Translated to Hindi by Saraswathi Vihar, New Delhi in 1984 and English. State Academy of Literature Award and "Vardhamana Prashasti" as the Best Book of the Year in Kannada) * ''Alibaba'' – 1980 (translated and published in Indian Literature, Sahitya Academy) * ''Kaadu Kudure'' – 1979 (Filmed and received

National Award The National Film Awards is the most prominent film award ceremony in India. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate ...

) * ''Naayi Kathe'' – 1980 (Filmed as ''Sangeeta'' and received 5

Karnataka State Film Awards Karnataka State Film Awards are the most notable and prestigious film awards given for Kannada film industry in Karnataka, India. These are considered the highest awards for Kannada language films. They are given annually by the Government ...

) * ''Kharokhara'' – 1977 * ''Mathanthara'' – 1978 * ''Harakeya Kuri'' – 1983 (Filmed and received

, translated into Hindi by Gyan Bharathi, New Delhi in 1989) * ''Kambara Avara Natakagalu'' – 1984 * ''Sambashiva Prahasana'' – 1987 (Translated into Hindi, English by Seagull Books, Calcutta in 1991 and Tamil) * ''Siri Sampige'' (

, 1991) * ''Huliya Neralu'' (Filmed) – 1980 * ''Boleshankara'' – 1991 * ''Pushpa Rani'' – 1990 * ''Tirukana Kanasu'' – 1989 * ''Mahamayi'' – 1999 (Translated into English by NSD, New Delhi in 2000 and Hindi) * ''Nela Sampige'' – 2004 (Collection of Plays published by Kannada Pustaka Pradhikara, Government of Karnataka) * ''Jakkana'' – 2008 * ''Shivaratri'' – 2011 * Maarikadu

Novels

* ''Anna Tangi'' – 1956 * ''Karimaayi'' – 1975 (Filmed) * G.K. Maastarara Pranaya Prasanga – 1986 (filmed for ''

Doordarshan Doordarshan (abbreviated as DD; Hindi: , ) is an Indian public service broadcaster founded by the Government of India, owned by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and one of Prasar Bharati's two divisions. One of India's largest b ...

'', translated to Hindi by Vidya Prakashan Mandir, New Delhi) * Singarevva Mattu Aramane – 1982 (State Academy of Literature Award, translated to English by

Katha Books Katha Books is a publishing house owned by Katha, that works in the fields of Indian language translations, community empowerment and child welfare.Ankita Pustaka) * Shivana Dangura - 2015

Research and critical perceptions

* Uttara Karnataka

Janapada The Janapadas () (c. 1500–600 BCE) were the realms, republics (ganapada) and kingdoms (saamarajya) of the Vedic period on the Indian subcontinent. The Vedic period reaches from the late Bronze Age into the Iron Age: from about 1500 BCE to ...

Rangabhumi – 1980 * Sangya Balya – 1966 * Bannisi Hadavva Nana Balaga – 1968 * Bayalaatagalu – 1973 * Matado Lingave – 1973 * Namma Janapada – 1980 * Bandire Nanna Jayolage – 1981 * Kannada Folklore Dictionary (2 volumes) – 1985 * Bedara Huduga Mattu Gilli – 1989 (State Academy of Literature Award) * Lakshapathi Rajana Kathe – 1986 * Kasigondu Seru – 1989 * Nelada Mareya Nidhana – 1993 * Brihaddesiya Chintana – 2001 * An Anthology of Modern India Plays for the National School of Drama – 2000 * Desheeya Chintana – 2004 (collection of articles on culture and literature. Published by Ankita Pustaka) * Tudi Irada Daari - 2009 * Marave Marmarave – 2007 * Idu Desi – 2010 * Smit - 1968

References

External links

''Deccan Herald''s comprehensive coverage on Dr. Kambara
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kambara, Chandrashekhara 1937 births Living people Recipients of the Jnanpith Award Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Kannada Recipients of the Gangadhar National Award Screenwriters from Karnataka Kannada dramatists and playwrights Kannada film directors Kannada poets Kannada-language writers Members of the Karnataka Legislative Council National School of Drama People from Belagavi district Translators of the Ramayana University of Chicago faculty Karnatak University alumni Bangalore University faculty Indian male poets Indian male novelists 20th-century Indian translators Indian male dramatists and playwrights 20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights 20th-century Indian poets 20th-century Indian novelists Poets from Karnataka Novelists from Karnataka 20th-century Indian male writers Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship