Centre for Civil Society
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Centre for Civil Society (CCS) is a non-profit
think tank A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-govern ...
based in
New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Hous ...
. The Centre was founded in 1997 by Dr Parth J Shah, former Professor of Economics at the
University of Michigan , mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth" , former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821) , budget = $10.3 billion (2021) , endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
. It operates as an independent educational organisation. According to the 2021 Global Go To
Think Tank A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-govern ...
Index Report (
Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program The Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program (TTCSP) was a non-profit program at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that operated from 1989 to 2021. TTCSP was originally established at the Foreign Policy Research Instit ...
,
University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn or UPenn) is a Private university, private research university in Philadelphia. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is ranked among the highest- ...
), CCS was ranked 5th in India and 83rd in the world.


Founder

Dr Parth Shah taught economics at the
University of Michigan , mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth" , former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821) , budget = $10.3 billion (2021) , endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
in Dearborn for seven years before returning to India to advocate for what he calls a ‘Second Freedom Movement’ for economic, social and political independence. He arrived at the conclusion that the statist model of governance was the reason for India's lack of development and decided to provide an alternative view through the Centre.


History

CCS is an independent think tank focused on educating on liberal principles of
decentralisation Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group. Conce ...
, freedom and
individual rights Group rights, also known as collective rights, are rights held by a group '' qua'' a group rather than individually by its members; in contrast, individual rights are rights held by individual people; even if they are group-differentiated, which ...
, and policy reform for inclusive and
sustainable development Sustainable development is an organizing principle for meeting human development goals while also sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services on which the economy and society depend. The ...
. Over the past two decades, CCS has been working on three main areas of development: education, livelihoods, and policy training. Since 2021, the Centre also aims to spearhead its work on terracotta environmentalism.


Mission

The organisation's mission is to advance social change through public policy. According to its website, their work "in education, livelihood, and policy training promotes choice and accountability across private and public sectors", and "translates policy into practice" by "engaging with policy and opinion leaders through research, pilot projects and policy training.” CCS undertakes reviews and analyses of policies and on the basis of these, makes suggestions to the government on policy making. It has worked in six sectors in the past, i.e. education, livelihood, economic freedom, governance, institution of community property rights for environment conservation, and promotion of globalization and trade. It publishes policy reviews and legislative analyses on different issues, organizes public policy seminars for journalists, young leaders, development professionals, and public officials.


Activities


Education


Foundational learning

* Bolo English is a pan-India initiative of the Centre, that equips children from low income families with much-aspired spoken English skills. It is the first of its kind project by CCS that utilises education technology. In its first year, Bolo English has had a reach of 30,000 students and 500 teachers across 130 schools in 8 states. The Centre works with teachers and parents through capacity building initiatives and leverages on this to keep the students engaged on the application. K-12 education and budget private schools * In a big win for CCS ideas on K-12 education, the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 accurately diagnosed the need to separate functions of the government and recognised the need to revisit the existing regulatory framework. Since 2019, CCS has developed an extensive understanding of state education operations and a strong reputation in the sector for its regulatory expertise. One such example is its dominant presence in the State of the Sector Report in 2020. The chapter on regulations for private schools cited six CCS reports and the state profiles used the database we had created of all existing regulations governing K-12 education in India. * CCS has also been successfully collaborating with Niti Aayog on creating a Model State Education Act for school education based on the principles of choice, autonomy, and accountability and the recommendations of the NEP. * In addition to several widely recognised research papers and policy briefs addressing key aspects of education policy in India, CCS has published two editions of its Report on Budget Private Schools in India: a comprehensive research report that addresses the demand, supply, ecosystem, and regulations impacting budget private schools in India. In 2019, CCS’ report on the Anatomy of K-12 Governance in India was also featured as one of the best policy reports worldwide in the 2019 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report, University of Pennsylvania.


Livelihoods & Poverty Alleviation


Street vendors livelihood

* From viewing street vendors as a “public nuisance” to recognising them as “public service providers” and entrepreneurs, the Street Vendors Act 2014 has been an important benchmark for CCS outreach efforts. The Act gives the long overdue formal status to millions of vendors. * CCS prepared a draft amendment and submitted it to the Government committee set up for discussing amendments to the Street Vendors Act 2014 in October 2020. The amendment bill is likely to be tabled in the next session of the Parliament. CCS also presented the underlying reasons for non-implementation of the Act to the Parliamentary Standing committee set up to study the implementation of the street vendors Act.


Ease of doing business for micro, small, and medium enterprises

* In 2020, CCS conceptualised a project to ease the regulatory environment for MSMEs at the state-level. They partnered with the Government of Punjab and Global Alliance for Mass Entrepreneurship and conducted a process audit of 26 services across five departments: Labour, Local Government, Industries and Commerce, Housing and Urban Development and Punjab Pollution Control Board. As a part of this audit, CCS analysed administrative logs and conducted interviews with departmental officers and applicants to determine the reasons for delays and prescribed recommendations. * The minimum capital requirement to register a business was Rs 100,000, no matter the size of the business. CCS’ work on Ease of Doing Business helped abolish it altogether.


Ease of doing business for farmers

* Last year, CCS started working on agriculture sector reforms. It released a primer, From Annadata to Farmpreneur, assessing the variety of problems facing the development of profitable agriculture markets in India. They also released a policy brief, Unfree to Sell, that studied restrictions on domestic and international trade of farm produce.


Terracotta Environmentalism

* CCS has recently restarted work on Terracotta Environmentalism where they focus on the role of communities, markets and incentives in achieving resilient and sustainable environmental action. CCS’ Terracotta vision focuses on restructuring incentives and encouraging cooperation over conflict in environmental conservation. In the past, CCS efforts led to the amendment of the Indian Forests Act 1927, classifying bamboo not as a tree but as grass, improving bamboo based livelihood opportunities for tribal communities and reducing the need for timber.


Governance


Quality of laws in India

* Over the past two years, CCS has dived into the process of law-making in India. First, through the ‘Quality of Laws’ toolkit/ scorecard, drawn from global indices on regulatory quality and review of international literature on administrative law, it checks whether a law reflects public will, protects individual rights, and improves allocation of resources. They also worked in collaboration with Mercatus Center to calculate: volume of  laws, restrictiveness of laws and its complexity. Repeal of Laws * CCS launched the ‘Repeal 100 Laws Project’ in 2014 urging the Union government to repeal 100 laws identified as flawed, ineffective or redundant. In 2019, they launched the Repeal Law Compendium at the Constitution Club of India, New Delhi. The 6th edition of the compendium identified 150 laws for repeal in the North-East region of India.


Policy-training and Outreach

* CCS Academy, the policy training wing of the Centre has a vibrant alumni base of 11,000 students, young professionals and media personnel. Through both introductory and advanced courses and internships including epolicies, eBaithaks, ecolloquiums, Researching Reality, CCS Academy has trained participants in liberal ideas.  CCS Academy has leveraged the online boom and expanded its reach across national borders, successfully engaging with 1000+ people through our online programs. * In 2018, CCS incubated the Indian School of Public Policy (ISPP), aimed at developing leaders for policy action and democratising policy education. It is a one-year, post-graduate program in Policy, Design & Management. * The Indian Liberals project, a joint initiative of CCS with the Friedrich Naumann Foundation ( South Asia) is an online archive of Indian Liberal works which includes magazines, periodicals, lectures and booklets in English, Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati etc covering the liberal thought in Indian history.


Science & Technology Policy Unit

* Furthering over two decades of CCS’ commitment to advance social change through public policy, the Science & Technology Policy Unit has been conceptualised as the latest initiative. This unit will function as the policy wing  to advance policy solutions that foster scientific enquiry and research, and facilitate the creation and dissemination of new scientific knowledge. The Centre will work with all stakeholders to develop and strengthen the science ecosystem in India in order to advance scientific research and its translation into economic value and social good.


See also

*
Democracy in India Politics of India works within the framework of the country's Constitution. India is a parliamentary democratic secular republic in which the president of India is the head of state & first citizen of India and the prime minister of India i ...
*
Election Commission of India The Election Commission of India (ECI) is a constitutional body. It was established by the Constitution of India to conduct and regulate elections in the country. Article 324 of the Constitution provides that the power of superintendence, dir ...
*
List of think tanks in India The following is a list of notable Indian think tanks. India has the second- largest number of think tanks in the world, with the country's total hitting 509 in 2018 behind 1871 in the United States of America and ahead of the People's Republic of ...


References


External links


Center for Civil Society Official site



School Choice India Campaign

RTE Portal

Jeevika

Azadi.me

Swaminathan Aiyar

Gurcharan Das

Parth J Shah
{{DEFAULTSORT:Centre For Civil Society Libertarian think tanks Think tanks based in India Organisations based in Delhi Think tanks established in 1997 Libertarianism in India