The All-Union Central Executive Committee (russian: Всесоюзный Центральный исполнительный комитет, Vsesoyuznyy Tsentral'nyy ispolnitel'nyy komitet) was the most authoritative governing body of the

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...

during the interims of the sessions of the All-Union Congress of Soviets. Established in 1922 by the

First All-Union Congress of Soviets The First All-Union Congress of Soviets was a congress of representatives of Soviets of workers, peasants and Red Army deputies, held on December 30, 1922 in Moscow. The congress was attended by 2215 delegates (1727 from the Russian Socialist Fed ...

(see

Treaty on the Creation of the USSR hy, ԽՍՀՄ ձեւավորման մասին պայմանագիր az, SSRİ-nin formalaşması haqqında müqavilə ka, ხელშეკრულება სსრკ-ს ფორმირების შესახებ , image ...

), in 1938 it was replaced by the

Presidium of the Supreme Soviet The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (russian: Президиум Верховного Совета, Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta) was a body of state power in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).Kazakh and Kirghiz SSRs were created in 1936 and did not have representatives in the Committee, as it dissolved just two years later.

Description

The Central Executive Committee was created with adoption of the

in December of 1922. The Central Executive Committee was elected by the Congress of Soviet to govern on its behalf whenever the Congress of Soviets was not in session. The Central Executive Committee was convened by the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee, which was elected by the Central Executive Committee to govern on its behalf whenever it was not in session. By the 1924 Soviet Constitution, the Central Executive Committee comprised two

chambers Chambers may refer to: Places Canada: *Chambers Township, Ontario United States: *Chambers County, Alabama * Chambers, Arizona, an unincorporated community in Apache County * Chambers, Nebraska * Chambers, West Virginia * Chambers Township, Hol ...

: the

Soviet of the Union The Soviet of the Union (russian: Сове́т Сою́за - ''Sovet Soyuza'') was the lower chamber of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, elected on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballo ...

(delegates elected broadly) and the

Soviet of Nationalities The Soviet of Nationalities (russian: Совет Национальностей, ''Sovyet Natsionalnostey'') was the upper chamber of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, elected on the basis of universal, equal and ...

(delegates elected regionally). At the constituent republic level there operated a Central Executive Committee in each of the federal republics: * the All-Russian Central Executive Committee in the RSFSR * the All-Byelorussian Central Executive Committee in the Byelorussian SSR * the

All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee ( uk, italic=yes, Всеукраїнський центральний виконавчий комітет) was a representative body of the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. It was the supreme legislative ...

in the

Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ( uk, Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, ; russian: Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респ ...

* the All-Caucasian Central Executive Committee of the Transacaucasian SFSR

Leadership

Chairmen

The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee consisted of 21 members and included the Presidia of the

and the

. A representative of each constituent republic (initially four) was elected one of the directors of the presidium. *

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...

Mikhail Kalinin Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (russian: link=no, Михаи́л Ива́нович Кали́нин ; 3 June 1946), known familiarly by Soviet citizens as "Kalinych", was a Soviet politician and Old Bolshevik revolutionary. He served as head of st ...

(December 30, 1922 – January 12, 1938) *

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ( uk, Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, ; russian: Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респ ...

Grigory Petrovsky Grigory Ivanovich Petrovsky (russian: Григо́рий Ива́нович Петро́вский, uk, Григо́рій Іва́нович Петро́вський, translit=Hryhorii Ivanovych Petrovskyi) (3 February 1878 - 9 January 1958) wa ...

(December 30, 1922 – January 12, 1938) * Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic:

Alexander Chervyakov Alexander Grigoryevich Chervyakov (Aliaksandr Charviakou, be, Аляксандр Рыгоравіч Чарвякоў, ''Aliaksandr Ryhoravič Čarviakoŭ'' russian: Александр Григорьевич Червяков, ''Aleksandr Grigor'ev ...

(December 30, 1922 – June 16, 1937) *

Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic , conventional_long_name = Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic , common_name = Transcaucasian SFSR , p1 = Armenian Soviet Socialist RepublicArmenian SSR , flag_p1 = Flag of SSRA ...

: **

Nariman Narimanov Nariman Karbalayi Najaf oghlu Narimanov ( az, Nəriman Kərbəlayi Nəcəf oğlu Nərimanov, russian: Нарима́н Кербелаи Наджа́ф оглы Нарима́нов; – 19 March 1925) was an Azerbaijani Bolshevik revolutionary, w ...

(December 30, 1922 – March 19, 1925) **

Gazanfar Musabekov Gazanfar Mahmud oghlu Musabeyov or Musabekov ( az, Qəzənfər Mahmud oğlu Musabəyov, , Perebidil, Baku Governorate - 9 February 1938, Moscow) was an Azerbaijani Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet statesman. He was Chairman of the Central Exe ...

(May 21, 1925 – June 1937) As more entities (usually previously

Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics An Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR, russian: автономная советская социалистическая республика, АССР) was a type of administrative unit in the Soviet Union (USSR) created for certain nat ...

) were promoted to the status of constituent republics of the USSR, they received representation among the directors of the Presidium: *

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic Uzbekistan (, ) is the common English name for the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Uzbek SSR; uz, Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси, Oʻzbekiston Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasi, in Russian: Уз ...

(from 1924):

Fayzulla Khodzhayev Faizullah, also spelled Fayzullah or Feizollah ( ar, فيزالله ) is a male Muslim given name, composed of the elements '' Faiz'' and ''Allah''. It means ''Success from God'' or ''Victory from God''. In modern usage it may appear as a surname. ...

(May 21, 1925 – June 17, 1937) *

Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (, ; russian: Туркменская Советская Социалистическая Республика, ''Turkmenskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika''), also commonly known as Turkmenistan o ...

(from 1925): Nedirbay Aytakov (May 21, 1925 – 21 July 1937) *

Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic,, ''Çumhuriji Şūraviji Sotsialistiji Toçikiston''; russian: Таджикская Советская Социалистическая Республика, ''Tadzhikskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Resp ...

(from 1929): **

Nusratullo Maksum Nusratullo Maksum (; 1 July 1881 – 1 November 1937) also known as Nusratullo Lutfullayev, was a Tajikstani Soviet politician. He was a recipient of the Order of the Red Banner. From 16 December 1926 to 28 December 1933 he served on the Central Ex ...

(March 18, 1931 – January 4, 1934) **

Abdullo Rakhimbayev Abdullo Rahimbayevich Rakhimbayev (June 1, 1896 – May 7, 1938) also spelled Abdullo Raximboyevich Raximboyev, was an ethnic Uzbek, Tajik-born Soviet politician. He was born in Khujand in modern Tajikistan. He was a recipient of the Order of Lenin ...

(January 4, 1934 – September 1937)

Presidium secretaries

* 1922–1935 Avel Yenukidze * 1935–1937

Ivan Akulov Ivan Alekseyevich Akulov (russian: Иван Алексеевич Акулов; 30 October 1937) was a leading Russian Old Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet official and statesman, who for a few months was nominally second in command of the politica ...

* 1937–1938 Aleksandr Gorkin

Soviet of the Union chairmen

Soviet of Nationalities chairmen

Mykola Skrypnyk Mykola Oleksiiovych Skrypnyk ( uk, Микола Олексійович Скрипник; – 7 July 1933), also known as Nikolai Alekseyevich Skripnik (russian: Никола́й Алексе́евич Скри́пник), was a Ukrainian Bolshe ...

Powers

The 1924 Soviet Constitution defined the powers of the CEC as: * Calling of the Congresses of Soviets * Election of the

Council of the People's Commissars The Councils of People's Commissars (SNK; russian: Совет народных комиссаров (СНК), ''Sovet narodnykh kommissarov''), commonly known as the ''Sovnarkom'' (Совнарком), were the highest executive authorities of ...

(Sovnarkom) * Adoption of decrees and legislative acts * Legislative and administrative actions assigned to it

Notes

References

{{Reflist

External links

The highest organs of state power of the USSR (Высшие органы государственной власти СССР)
Government of the Soviet Union Defunct bicameral legislatures 1922 establishments in the Soviet Union 1938 disestablishments in the Soviet Union Collective heads of state