Carlumab (alternate identifier CNTO 888
) is a discontinued human
recombinant monoclonal antibody (type IgG1 kappa)
that targets human
CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/monocyte chemoattractant protein (
MCP1).
Carlumab was under development for use in the treatment of oncology and immune indications and was studied for application in
systemic sclerosis
Systemic scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterised by excessive production and accumulation of collagen, called fibrosis, in the skin and internal organs and by injuries to small arteries. There are two ...
,
atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis in which the wall of the artery develops abnormalities, called lesions. These lesions may lead to narrowing due to the buildup of atheromatous plaque. At onset there are usually no s ...
,
diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease ...
,
liver fibrosis and
type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes, formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urinatio ...
.
The inhibitory binding of Carlumab to CCL2 was hypothesized to inhibit
angiogenesis
Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, formed in the earlier stage of vasculogenesis. Angiogenesis continues the growth of the vasculature by processes of sprouting and splittin ...
and consequently modulate tumor cell proliferation.
Studies focusing on the effects of Carlumab have been performed in vitro on cell lines and in vivo on mice and in humans including phase 1 and phase 2
clinical trial
Clinical trials are prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel vaccines, drugs, diet ...
s evaluating the efficacy, safety and dose requirements of the drug. Clinical trials for Carlumab include studies of idiopathic
pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis is a condition in which the lungs become scarred over time. Symptoms include shortness of breath, a dry cough, feeling tired, weight loss, and nail clubbing. Complications may include pulmonary hypertension, respiratory failu ...
,
castration-resistant metastatic
prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is cancer of the prostate. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancerous tumor worldwide and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men. The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system that su ...
and solid tumors.
Carlumab was being developed by Janssen Biotech prior to discontinuation in 2012
due to limited success in clinical trials.
References
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