Canelones Department

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The Departamento de Canelones ( es, Departamento de Canelones; ) is one of the 19 uruguayan

departments Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...

. With an area of and 518,154 inhabitants, it is located in the south of

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

. Its capital is Canelones.

Geography and climate

Neighbouring departments are Maldonado and

Lavalleja Lavalleja () is a department of Uruguay. Its capital is Minas. It is located in the southeast of the country, bordered to the north by the department of Treinta y Tres to the east with Rocha, to the south with Canelones and Maldonado, and to ...

to the East,

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...

to the North, San José to the West, and

Montevideo Montevideo () is the capital and largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . Montevideo is situated on the southern co ...

to the South. Part of the southern border is formed by the

Río de la Plata The Río de la Plata (, "river of silver"), also called the River Plate or La Plata River in English, is the estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay River and the Paraná River at Punta Gorda. It empties into the Atlantic Ocean and fo ...

. It is the second smallest department of the country after that of Montevideo, but the second largest in population. Located in the humid templated region, the average temperature is low compared to that of the rest of the country (around 15 °C), as are the levels of precipitation (up to 2,000 mm yearly, on average). By area Canelones Department is the second smallest of

's 19 departments.

Topography and hydrography

Canelones Department, is characterized by flat lands and absence of relief (as most parts of Uruguay), with small coastal sand dunes at the south, and with meadows and woods in the center, north and west. The department is rich in waterways, with many rivers and streams. However, there are two rivers that stand out for their importance: the

Santa Lucía River The Santa Lucía River ( es, Río Santa Lucía) is a river in Uruguay. Course The headwaters of the Santa Lucía River are in the Lavalleja department. For a large part of its course it forms the limit between the departments of Florida and ...

and the

, which is actually a sea of salt water. On the coastline formed by the Río de la Plata, there are many spa towns and their respective beaches. Santa Lucia River, meanwhile, forms the northern boundary with Florida, which is separated by a bridge known as the ''Paso Pache''.

Regions

Despite being a small department, Canelones has a population of over 500,000 inhabitants and one of the highest densities in the country with 114 inhabitants per square kilometer. The department is divided into approx. 20 sections. Within these, there are significant populations centers, some of which have the status of municipality, others are part of recently formed cities by decree, and then there are also those that do not have enough inhabitants and are therefore often considered simple population entities with no mayor or government, remaining under the direct jurisdiction of the Municipality of Canelones (in Spanish, ''Intendencia Municipal Canelones'' or ''Comuna Canaria''), which is based in the departmental capital, Canelones.

History

Canelones was one of the nine original departments created in 1830. Over the years its boundaries have changed little.

Economy

Agriculture is one of the principal contributors to the economy of Canelones. The cultivation of

grapevine ''Vitis'' (grapevine) is a genus of 79 accepted species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae. The genus is made up of species predominantly from the Northern Hemisphere. It is economically important as the source of grapes, ...

s is widespread, and the area is a major contributor to Uruguay's burgeoning wine industry. In addition cereal crops, principally

maize Maize ( ; ''Zea mays'' subsp. ''mays'', from es, maíz after tnq, mahiz), also known as corn (North American English, North American and Australian English), is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples of Mexico, indigenous ...

are produced, as are a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. Tourism, in the eastern coastal area, is also a major source of income for the department, and has enabled the development of important urban centres, such as Atlántida.

Population and Demographics

At the 2011 census, Canelones Department had a population of 520,187 (253,124 male and 267,063 female) and 222,193 (+44.25% than in 2004 (153,931)) households. The average household size was 2.3 persons. Demographic data for Canelones Department in 2010: *Population growth rate: 1,095% *Birth Rate: 14.83 births/1,000 people *Death Rate: 8.45 deaths/1,000 people *Average age: 32.9 (31.4 Males, 34.3 Females) *Life Expectancy at Birth **Total population: 76.37 years **Male: 72.95 years **Female: 80.00 years *Average per household income: 25,087 pesos/month *Urban per capita income: 10,015 pesos/month ''2010 Data Source:'' (* Resorts of the

Costa de Oro Costa de Oro is a long group of resort towns and beaches in Canelones Department, Uruguay, east of the Ciudad de la Costa. According to the 2011 census, Canelones department had a rural population of 48,219 (9,3%).

Government

The executive power is exercised by the Intendencia Departamental de Canelones. The Intendant is elected every five years with the possibility of reelection. The legislative power is exercised by the Junta Departamental. On 15 March 2010, by the Act of Ley Nº 18.653, the following Municipalities were formed in the Canelones Department: ''Source: Intendencia Municipal de Canelones''
* Stated as 2004 estimates.
** ''Source: El Observador (2010)''

References

External links

Official websiteINE map of CanelonesOfficial map of the municipalities of Canelones.Nuestra Terra, Colección Los Departamentos, Vol.16 "Canelones"
{{Authority control Departments of Uruguay States and territories established in 1816