The Calucones were a
Gallic or
Rhaetian tribe dwelling around present-day
Chur
, neighboring_municipalities= Arosa, Churwalden, Tschiertschen-Praden, Domat/Ems, Felsberg, Malix, Trimmis, Untervaz, Pfäfers
, twintowns = Bad Homburg (Germany), Cabourg (France), Mayrhofen (Austria), Mondorf-les-Bains (Luxe ...
(eastern Switzerland) during the
Roman period.
Name
They are mentioned as ''Calucones'' (
var. ''Callucones'', ''Allucones'') by
Pliny
Pliny may refer to:
People
* Pliny the Elder (23–79 CE), ancient Roman nobleman, scientist, historian, and author of ''Naturalis Historia'' (''Pliny's Natural History'')
* Pliny the Younger (died 113), ancient Roman statesman, orator, w ...
(1st c. AD),
and as ''kaloúkōnes'' (καλούκωνες;
var. καλούκονες, κουλούκωνες) by
Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος, ; la, Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importance ...
(2nd c. AD).
[, s.v. Calucones.]
The etymology of the name remains debated. It could go back to a Celtic form ''calo-uco-on''-, derived from the stem ''calo''- ('call').
Alternatively, it may be derived from a stem *''calu''- ('hard') attached to -''cones'' ('wolves'), and translated as 'hard wolves'.
An homonym tribe, the ''Kaloukones'', lived further north, near the Germanic
Suebi.
Geography
The Calucones probably dwelled around present-day
Chur
, neighboring_municipalities= Arosa, Churwalden, Tschiertschen-Praden, Domat/Ems, Felsberg, Malix, Trimmis, Untervaz, Pfäfers
, twintowns = Bad Homburg (Germany), Cabourg (France), Mayrhofen (Austria), Mondorf-les-Bains (Luxe ...
(Curia), in the
Canton of Grisons
The Grisons () or Graubünden,Names include:
*german: (Kanton) Graubünden ;
* Romansh:
** rm, label=Sursilvan, (Cantun) Grischun
** rm, label= Vallader, (Chantun) Grischun
** rm, label= Puter, (Chantun) Grischun
** rm, label= Surmiran, (Can ...
.
Their territory was located north of the
Suanetes and
Rugusci, west of the
Focunates and
Venostes, south of the
Vennones.
[, Map 19: Raetia.]
History
They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the
Tropaeum Alpium
The Tropaeum Alpium (Latin 'Trophy of the Alps', French: ''Trophée des Alpes''), is a Roman trophy (''tropaeum'') celebrating the emperor Augustus's decisive victory over the tribes who populated the Alps. The monument's ruins are in La Turbi ...
.
Pliny
Pliny may refer to:
People
* Pliny the Elder (23–79 CE), ancient Roman nobleman, scientist, historian, and author of ''Naturalis Historia'' (''Pliny's Natural History'')
* Pliny the Younger (died 113), ancient Roman statesman, orator, w ...
. ''Naturalis Historia''
3:20
References
Primary sources
*
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
*
See also
*
Rhaetian people
The Raeti (spelling variants: ''Rhaeti'', ''Rheti'' or ''Rhaetii'') were a confederation of Alpine tribes, whose language and culture was related to those of the Etruscans. Before the Roman conquest, they inhabited present-day Tyrol in Austria, ...
{{Authority control
Ancient Switzerland
Raetia
Tribes conquered by Rome