C-C chemokine receptor type 3 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''CCR3''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
CCR3 has also recently been designated CD193 (
cluster of differentiation 193).
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for C-C type
chemokine
Chemokines (), or chemotactic cytokines, are a family of small cytokines or signaling proteins secreted by cells that induce directional movement of leukocytes, as well as other cell types, including endothelial and epithelial cells. In additi ...
s. It belongs to family 1 of the
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily-related p ...
s. This receptor binds and responds to a variety of chemokines, including eotaxin (
CCL11), eotaxin-3 (
CCL26), MCP-3 (
CCL7), MCP-4 (
CCL13), and RANTES (
CCL5). It is highly expressed in eosinophils and basophils, and is also detected in TH1 and TH2 cells, as well as in airway epithelial cells. This receptor may contribute to the accumulation and activation of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells in the allergic airway, and possibly at sites of parasitic infection. It is also known to be an entry co-receptor for
HIV-1. This gene and seven other chemokine receptor genes form a chemokine receptor gene cluster on the chromosomal region 3p21. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.
See also
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Cluster of differentiation
Interactions
CCR3 (gene) has been shown to
interact
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with
CCL5.
References
Further reading
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External links
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Chemokine receptors
Clusters of differentiation
{{transmembranereceptor-stub