C86

''C86'' is a cassette compilation released by the British music magazine '' NME'' in 1986, featuring new bands licensed from British independent record labels of the time. As a term, C86 quickly evolved into shorthand for a guitar-based music genre characterized by jangling guitars and melodic power pop song structures, although other musical styles were represented on the tape. In its time, it became a pejorative term for its associations with so-called "shambling" (a John Peel-coined description celebrating the self-conscious primitive approach of some of the music) and underachievement. The ''C86'' scene is now recognized as a pivotal moment for independent music in the UK, as was recognized in the subtitle of the compilation's 2006 CD issue: '' CD86: 48 Tracks from the Birth of Indie Pop''. 2014 saw the original compilation reissued in a 3CD expanded edition from Cherry Red Records; the 2014 box-set came with an 11,500-word book of sleevenotes by one of the tape's original curators, former ''NME'' journalist Neil Taylor.

The ''C86'' name was a play on the labelling and length of blank compact cassette, commonly C60, C90 and C120, combined with 1986.

The C86 cassette

The tape was a belated follow-up to '' C81'', a more eclectic collection of new bands, released by the ''NME'' in 1981 in conjunction with Rough Trade. ''C86'' was similarly designed to reflect the new music scene of the time. It was compiled by ''NME'' writers Roy Carr, Neil Taylor and Adrian Thrills, who licensed tracks from labels including Creation, Subway, Probe Plus, Dan Treacy's Dreamworld Records, Jeff Barrett's Head Records, Pink, and Ron Johnson. Readers had to pay for the tape via mail order, although an LP was subsequently released on Rough Trade on 24 November 1986. The UK music press was in this period highly competitive, with four weekly papers documenting new bands and trends. There was a tendency to create and "discover" new musical subgenres artificially in order to heighten reader interest. ''NME'' journalists of the period subsequently agreed that ''C86'' was an example of this, but also a byproduct of ''NMEs "hip hop wars" - a schism in the paper (and among readers) between enthusiasts of contemporary progressive black music (for example, by Public Enemy and Mantronix), and fans of guitar-based music, as represented on ''C86''.

''NME'' promoted the tape in conjunction with London's Institute of Contemporary Arts, who staged a week of gigs, in July 1986 which featured most of the acts on the compilation.

The tape included tracks by some more abrasive bands atypical of the perceived ''C86'' jangle pop aesthetic: Stump, Bogshed, A Witness, The Mackenzies, Big Flame and The Shrubs.

''C86'' was the twenty-third ''NME'' tape, although its catalogue number was NME022 (''C81'' had been dubbed COPY001). The rest of the tapes were compilations promoting labels' back catalogues and dedicated to R&B, Northern soul, jazz or reggae. ''C86'' was followed up with a Billie Holiday compilation, ''Holiday Romance''.

Legacy

Ex-''NME'' staffer Andrew Collins summed up ''C86'' by dubbing it "the most indie thing to have ever existed". Bob Stanley, a ''Melody Maker'' journalist in the late 1980s and founding member of pop band Saint Etienne, similarly said in a 2006 interview that ''C86'' represented:

hebeginning of indie music… It's hard to remember how underground guitar music and fanzines were in the mid-'80s; DIY ethics and any residual punk attitudes were in isolated pockets around the country and the ''C86'' comp and gigs brought them together in an explosion of new groups.

Martin Whitehead, who ran Subway in the late 1980s, added a new political dimension to the importance of ''C86''."Before ''C86'', women could only be eye-candy in a band; I think ''C86'' changed that - there were women promoting gigs, writing fanzines and running labels."

Some are more ambivalent about the tape's influence. Everett True, a writer for ''NME'' in 1986 under the name "The Legend!", called it "unrepresentative of its times . . . and even unrepresentative of the small narrow strata of music it thought it was representing." Alastair Fitchett, editor of the music site Tangents (and a fan of many of the bands on the tape), takes a polemical line: "(The ''NME'') laid the foundations for the desolate wastelands of what we came to know by that vile term ' Indie'. What more reason do you need to hate it?" ''The Guardian'' published an article in 2014 debunking some of the negative myths about the cassette.

Follow-ups

In 1996, ''NME'' continued the tradition of compiling a new band album (this time a CD) by releasing ''C96''. This had little impact, with Mogwai and Broadcast being the only acts on the compilation to subsequently enjoy mainstream success. Three other bands on the compilation - Babybird, The Delgados and Urusei Yatsura - had brief success in the United Kingdom after the compilation's release.

The significance of ''C86'' was recognized by several events marking the 20th anniversary of the compilation's release in 2006:
* Sanctuary Records released ''CD86'', a double-CD set compiled by Bob Stanley.
* The ICA hosted "''C86'' - Still Doing It For Fun", an exhibition and two nights of gigs celebrating the rise of British independent music.

Cherry Red's 2014 expanded reissue was marked by an ''NME C86'' show on 14 June 2014 at Venue 229, London W1; acts from the original compilation included The Wedding Present, David Westlake of The Servants, The Wolfhounds and A Witness.

The 30-year anniversary of ''C86'' saw the original compilation issued in a deluxe gatefold sleeved double- LP edition for Record Store Day 2016.

Cherry Red Records issued an imagined sequel compilation titled ''C87'' in 2016, followed by ''C88'', ''C89'' and ''C90''.

Track listing

See also

* '' CD86 (album)''
* DIY ethic
* Fanzine
* Indie pop
* Indie rock
* '' NME''
* Post-punk
* Punk ideologies
* Punk subculture

References

External sources

* Bladh, Kriste
''Everything went Pop!, C86 and more, A wave and its rise and wake'' (pdf) 2005
* "Fire Escape Talking

("Fire Escape Talking blog", July 7, 2006)
* Fitchett, Alastair

(''Tangents Blog'', July 25, 2005)
* Hann, Michae

(''The Guardian'', 13 October 2004)
* Hasted, Nic

("The Independent", October 27, 2006)
* Pearce, Kevi

''Tangents'', March 2001)
* Reynolds, Simon ''Rip It Up and Start Again: Post Punk 1978-1984'' (Faber and Faber, 2005)
* Reynolds, Simo

(Time Out, October 23, 2006)
* Stanley, Bob

(''The Times'' October 20, 2006)
* True, Everet
''C86 Q&A''
''Plan B Blog'' July 22, 2005)
* Wire, Nick

''The Guardian'', October 25, 2006)

{{DEFAULTSORT:C86 (Album)
1986 compilation albums
Alternative rock compilation albums
Indie pop albums by British artists
Jangle pop compilation albums
Post-punk compilation albums
Rough Trade Records compilation albums
New Musical Express
Compilation albums included with magazines