''Bumba'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
tarantula
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,040 species have been identified, with 156 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although m ...
native to the Americas. It is an uncommon genus, comprising eight known species, including one named after
John Lennon
John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
.
[ Like most related species in the subfamily ]Theraphosinae
The Theraphosinae are a large subfamily of Mygalomorphae spiders in the family Theraphosidae found in the Neotropical realm.
Genera
The subfamily Theraphosinae includes these genera:
* '' Acanthoscurria''
* '' Aenigmarachne''
* ''Aphonopelm ...
, they may flick urticating hair
Urticating hairs or urticating bristles are one of the primary defense mechanisms used by numerous plants, almost all New World tarantulas, and various lepidopteran caterpillars. ''Urtica'' is Latin for "nettle" (stinging nettles are in the genu ...
s in response to threats.
Diagnosis
They can be distinguished by the type 5 urticating hairs
Urticating hairs or urticating bristles are one of the primary defense mechanisms used by numerous plants, almost all New World tarantulas, and various lepidopteran caterpillars. ''Urtica'' is Latin for "nettle" (stinging nettles are in the genu ...
, and the palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often desc ...
resting in a "ventral distal excavation" of the pedipalp
Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the second pair of appendages of chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") an ...
's tibia. The metatarsus number 1 passes between two branches of the tibial apophysis when flexed and the presence of spine like hairs on the maxillae and coxae 1 through 4.
Taxonomy
The genus was first described in 2000 by Fernando Pérez-Miles under the name ''Iracema''; however this name was already in use for a genus of freshwater fish, so in 2005, Pérez-Miles proposed the replacement name ''Maraca''. However, this too was already in use (for a species of cockroach) and in 2014 the replacement name ''Bumba'' was put forward by Pérez-Miles, Bonaldo & Miglio.[
]
Etymology
The genus name, ''Bumba'', refers to Brazilian folk theater; in the Northern Brazilian region where the spiders
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species di ...
are found, there is a festival called Boi-bumbá, or "beat my bull".
Species
, the World Spider Catalog
The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...
accepted the following 8 species:
In synonymy
* ''Bumba cabocla'' (Pérez-Miles, 2000) = '' Bumba horrida''
Transferred to other genera
* ''Bumba pulcherrimaklaasi'' (Schmidt, 1991) → ''Cyclosternum pulcherrimaklaasi'' ( Nomen dubium)
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q21446512
Theraphosidae
Theraphosidae genera
Spiders of South America