Republicans (), formerly known as Brazilian Republican Party ( pt, Partido Republicano Brasileiro) and formed as Renovator Municipalist Party ( pt, Partido Municipalista Renovador) is a Brazilian

political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or p ...

. Its electoral number is 10 and it became a registered political party on August 25, 2005. Its founders included Bishop Marcelo Crivella, who had been elected in 2002 as a senator representing the

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. __TOC__ Active liberal parties This is a li ...

, from the state of Rio de Janeiro. The party has a strong association with the

Universal Church of the Kingdom of God The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG; pt, Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus, IURD) is an evangelical charismatic Christian denomination with its headquarters at the Temple of Solomon in São Paulo, Brazil. The church was founded in ...

History

Founded in 2005, the Brazilian Republican Party first fought against President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, then rallied behind him after his re-election in 2006. According to one study, the PRB has been supportive of the Lula da Silva and Rousseff presidencies “on the basis of their concern for social democracy and for eliminating inequality.” Lula's

Vice President A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on ...

José Alencar José Alencar Gomes da Silva (; 17 October 1931 – 29 March 2011) was a Brazilian people, Brazilian businessman, entrepreneur and politician who served as the 23rd vice president of Brazil from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2010. In business fr ...

moved to PRB on 2005 after leaving the

. However, later PRB started to join the new rising wave conservativism and anti- petism in Brazil and all of the PRB's deputies voted in favor of Dilma's impeachment. They then supported the government of

Michel Temer Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia (; born 23 September 1940) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer and writer who served as the 37th president of Brazil from 31 August 2016 to 31 December 2018. He took office after the impeachment and removal from off ...

. In the 2018 presidential election, the Brazilian Republican Party supports the candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party,

Geraldo Alckmin Geraldo José Rodrigues Alckmin Filho (; born 7 November 1952) is a Brazilian politician who is the vice president-elect of Brazil. He previously served as the Governor of São Paulo from 2001 to 2006, and then again from 2011 to 2018, the lo ...

. Currently the party supports President

Jair Bolsonaro Jair Messias Bolsonaro (; born 21 March 1955) is a Brazilian politician and retired military officer who has been the 38th president of Brazil since 1 January 2019. He was elected in 2018 as a member of the Social Liberal Party, which he turn ...

, joining him due strong ideological affinity. For the

2022 Brazilian general election General elections were held on 2 October 2022 in Brazil to elect the president, vice president, the National Congress, the governors, vice governors, and legislative assemblies of all federative units, and the district council of Fernando de ...

, the Republicans formed a coalition with the

(PL) and the

Progressives Progressivism holds that it is possible to improve human societies through political action. As a political movement, progressivism seeks to advance the human condition through social reform based on purported advancements in science, techn ...

(PP) in order to support Jair Bolsonaro's 2022 presidential campaign. Candidates launched by the Republicans had their image heavily associated and sometimes were endorsed by Bolsonaro. In August 2019 the Brazilian Republican Party changed its name into Republicanos. Justifying as "the name change reinforces the reformulation of the party's program and statute, “consolidating the position as a party conservative in customs and liberal in the economy”, seeking to emulate the

American Republican Party The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP ("Grand Old Party"), is one of the Two-party system, two Major party, major contemporary political parties in the United States. The GOP was founded in 1854 by Abolitionism in the United Stat ...

. The name change came with an manifesto adopting a resolute socially conservative position defending christian values, the traditional family and private property.

Participation

The party leader was Vitor Paulo dos Santos. The party's most important members are Bishop Marcelo Crivella,

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

and nephew of Universal's founder Bishop

Edir Macedo Edir Macedo (born February 18, 1945) is a Brazilian evangelical bishop, writer, billionaire businessman, and the founder of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG). He is the owner and chairman of the third-largest television network ...

, journalist Celso Russomanno and former

Vice-President A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on ...

. Famous football player Ronaldinho, also known as Ronaldo de Assis Moreira, joined the party in March 2018.

Ideology

Some commentators say that the

(UCKG), a

neo-charismatic The Neo-charismatic (also third-wave charismatic or hypercharismatic) movement is a movement within evangelical Protestant Christianity that is composed of a diverse range of independent churches and organizations that emphasize the post-biblical ...

church that is organized like a business enterprise, has used the party as a base for its bishops to run for political office. The emeritus professor of political sciences from the

University of Brasília The University of Brasília ( pt, Universidade de Brasília, UnB) is a federal public university in Brasília, the capital of Brazil. It was founded in 1960 and has since consistently been named among the top five Brazilian universities and the ...

, David Fleischer, says: "The PRB is an evangelical party." Several members, such as Celso Russomanno, are Catholic. Several leading members, such as Edir Macedo and Marcelo Crivella, have expressed statements of

Christian fundamentalism Christian fundamentalism, also known as fundamental Christianity or fundamentalist Christianity, is a religious movement emphasizing biblical literalism. In its modern form, it began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among British and ...

and religious intolerance. A UN report accused members of the UCKG of verbal and physical attacks on members of the

Umbanda Umbanda () is a syncretic Afro-Brazilian religion that blends traditional African religions with Roman Catholicism, Spiritism, and Indigenous American beliefs. Although some of its beliefs and most of its practices existed in the late 19th ce ...

and

Candomblé Candomblé () is an African diasporic religion that developed in Brazil during the 19th century. It arose through a process of syncretism between several of the traditional religions of West Africa, especially that of the Yoruba, and the Roman ...

religions. Macedo considered participating in presidential elections in order to transform Brazil into a

theocratic Theocracy is a form of government in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities, giving divine guidance to human intermediaries who manage the government's daily affairs. Etymology The word theocracy originates fr ...

state. As mayor of

, Crivella called the Carnival of Rio de Janeiro an "un-Christian excess" and ordered severe financial cuts for the organisers. Furthermore, he is known for statements of religious intolerance. In his 1999 book ''Evangelizing Africa'', he claimed that homosexuality is a "terrible evil," that Catholics are "demonic", that African religions are based on "evil spirits," and that Hindus drink their children's blood. He has since tried to distance himself from the book, saying that it was the work of a young, immature missionary.

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Legislative elections

Notable members

Current

Hamilton Mourão Antônio Hamilton Martins Mourão (; born 15 August 1953) is a Brazilian politician and retired military officer serving as the 25th vice president of Brazil. He has served as vice president under Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro since 1 Januar ...

- Current Vice President of Brazil and Senator for

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, , ; "Great River of the South") is a state in the southern region of Brazil. It is the fifth-most-populous state and the ninth largest by area. Located in the southernmost part of the country, Rio Grande do Sul is border ...

(2023-2031) * Marcos Pereira - Vice-President of the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon Res ...

(2019–present);

Federal Deputy The Chamber of Deputies ( pt, Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year t ...

for

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for ' Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaW ...

(2019–present); President of Republicans (2018–present); Minister of Industry, Foreign Trade and Services (2016-2018) *

Damares Alves Damares Regina Alves (born 11 September 1964) is a Brazilian lawyer and evangelical pastor. She served as the Minister of Women, Families and Human Rights during the Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro from 2019 to 2022. She is the second female minist ...

- Senator for the

Federal District A federal district is a type of administrative division of a federation, usually under the direct control of a federal government and organized sometimes with a single municipal body. Federal districts often include capital districts, and they ...

(2023-2031) * Marcelo Crivella -

Mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...

(2017-2021); Minister of Fishing and Aquaculture (2012-2014);

Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

for

(2003-2017) * Mecias de Jesus -

for

Roraima Roraima (, ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil. Located in the country's North Region, it is the northernmost and most geographically and logistically isolated state in Brazil. It is bordered by the state of Pará to the southeast, Amazonas ...

(2019–present) * Celso Russomanno -

for

(1995-2011; 2015–present) *

Johnathan de Jesus Johnathan Pereira de Jesus (born 3 September 1983) is a Brazilian politician. He has spent his political career representing Roraima, having served as state representative since 2015. Personal life de Jesus was born to Mecias de Jesus and Luzeni ...

for

(2011–present) *

Silas Câmara Silas Câmara (born 15 December 1962), is a Brazilian politician and pastor. Although born in Acre, he has spent his political career representing Amazonas, having served as state representative since 1999 for various political parties. Person ...

for Amazonas (1999–present) *

Rosângela Gomes Rosângela de Souza Gomes (born 27 December 1966) is a Brazilian politician. She has spent her political career representing Rio de Janeiro, having served as state representative since 2015. Personal life She is the daughter of Althair Costa Sou ...

for

(2015–present) *

Cléber Verde Cléber Verde Cordeiro Mendes (born 10 May 1972) more commonly known as Cléber Verde is a Brazilian politician. He has spent his political career representing Maranhão, having served as state representative since 2007. Personal life Verde is t ...

for

Maranhão Maranhão () is a state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of . Clockwise from north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean for 2,243 km and the states of Piauí, Tocantins a ...

(2007–present) * Pinto Itamaraty -

for

(2016-2017)

Former

Vice President of Brazil The Vice President of Brazil ( pt, Vice-Presidente do Brasil), officially the Vice President of the Federative Republic of Brazil (''Vice-Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil''), or simply the ''Vice President of the Republic'' (''Vice-P ...

(2003-2010);

Minister of Defense A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in s ...

(2004-2006);

for

Minas Gerais Minas Gerais () is a state in Southeastern Brazil. It ranks as the second most populous, the third by gross domestic product (GDP), and the fourth largest by area in the country. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte (literall ...

(1999-2002) * Clarissa Garotinho -

for

(2015–present) *

Lincoln Portela Lincoln Dinz Portela (born 3 November 1953) is a Brazilian politician, television and radio personality as well as an evangelical pastor. He has spent his political career representing Minas Gerais, having served as state representative since 199 ...

for

(1999–present) *

Flávio Bolsonaro Flávio Nantes Bolsonaro (born 30 April 1981) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer and entrepreneur who is the eldest child of Brazilian President, Jair Bolsonaro. He was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Rio de Janeiro fro ...

for

(2020-2021)

References

External links

Republicanos 10 , Portal de Notícias Oficial
Official website , - {{Brazilian political parties Political parties established in 2005 Conservative parties in Brazil Social conservative parties 2005 establishments in Brazil Christian political parties