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Bosnian-gauge railways are railways with
The Brod–Zenica–Sarajevo '' Bosna Bahn'' provided the basis for the narrow-gauge railway network which was later established in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In barely two decades a national network was built. By the 1890s this stretched through
History of Bosnian railways
{{Navbox track gauge Track gauges by name Transport in Austria-Hungary Rail transport in Yugoslavia
track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge (in American English, alternatively track gage) is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many ...
of . These were found extensively in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
as a standardised form of narrow gauge
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than standard . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and .
Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with tighter curves, smaller structu ...
. The name is also used for lines of the same gauge outside Bosnia, for example in Austria. Similar track gauges are the and gauge.
History
After a British proposal the 1878Berlin Congress
The Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878) was a diplomatic conference to reorganise the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, which had been won by Russia against the Ottoman Empire. Represented at th ...
permitted Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
to occupy and govern Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and Pars pro toto#Geography, often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of Southern Europe, south and southeast Euro ...
instead of Turkey, the long Brod–Zenica military railway was built to support manoeuvres and supply troops. It was completed in 1879, using the temporary tracks and rolling stock used during the construction of the recently finished Temesvár–Orsova line. The Zenica–Sarajevo extension opened in 1882, with a loading gauge
A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads. Their purpose is to ensure that rail vehicles can pass safely through tunnels and under bridges, and ke ...
the same as that used on gauge railways, which was thought to be sufficient for general traffic including passenger services.
The Brod–Zenica–Sarajevo '' Bosna Bahn'' provided the basis for the narrow-gauge railway network which was later established in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In barely two decades a national network was built. By the 1890s this stretched through Mostar
, settlement_type = City
, image_skyline = Mostar (collage image).jpg
, image_caption = From top, left to right: A panoramic view of the heritage town site and the Neretva river from Lučki Bridge, Koski Mehmed Pasha ...
to the Dalmatia
Dalmatia (; hr, Dalmacija ; it, Dalmazia; see names in other languages) is one of the four historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia, and Istria. Dalmatia is a narrow belt of the east shore of the Adriatic Sea, str ...
n border at Metkovic, and to Gruž
Gruž ( it, Gravosa - ''Santa Croce'') is a neighborhood in Dubrovnik, Croatia, about 2 km northwest of the Old City. It has a population of approximately 15,000 people. The main port for Dubrovnik is in Gruž as well as its largest market and ...
, a suburb of Dubrovnik
Dubrovnik (), historically known as Ragusa (; see notes on naming), is a city on the Adriatic Sea in the region of Dalmatia, in the southeastern semi-exclave of Croatia. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranea ...
, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea
The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Sea) to th ...
. This narrow gauge main line carried much heavier traffic than many of the minor main lines across the Austro-Hungarian Empire. At the time of their introduction, the Bosnia-Herzegovian National Railways' express locomotives of 1894-96 were the fastest narrow gauge locomotives in Europe, with a permitted top speed.
The establishment of the fast-growing network, whose length by the start of the 20th centuries exceeded making it the once largest interconnected narrow gauge network in Europe, secured a high reputation for the Monarchy's engineering corps amongst international professional circles.
It was the success of the Bosnian narrow gauge net which gave impetus after the turn of the century to the large-scale building of gauge lines across other territories of the Monarchy. The technical solutions pioneered there were used later on all the narrow-gauge railways of Austria-Hungary.
Railways
See also
*List of town tramway systems in Croatia
This is a list of town tramway systems in Croatia. It includes all tram systems in Croatia, past and present; cities with currently operating systems, and those systems themselves, are indicated in bold and blue background colored rows. The use o ...
* List of track gauges
This list presents an overview of railway track gauges by size. A gauge is measured between the inner faces of the rails.
Track gauges by size
Minimum and ridable miniature railways
For ridable miniature railways and minimum gauge railways, t ...
* Sarajevo Tramway
References
External links
History of Bosnian railways
{{Navbox track gauge Track gauges by name Transport in Austria-Hungary Rail transport in Yugoslavia