Archbishop Bolesław Twardowski ( uk, Болеслав Твардовський; pl, Bolesław Twardowski; 18 February 1864 – 22 November 1944) was a Roman Catholic prelate, who served as an Auxiliary Bishop of the

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv (of the Latins) ( la, Archidioecesis Leopolitana Latinorum) is a Metropolitan archdiocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in western Ukraine. Its Cathedral archiepiscopal see is a Minor Basilica an ...

and a Titular Bishop of

Telmessos Telmessos or Telmessus ( Hittite: 𒆪𒉿𒆷𒉺𒀸𒊭 ''Kuwalapašša'', Lycian: 𐊗𐊁𐊍𐊁𐊂𐊁𐊛𐊆 ''Telebehi'', grc, Τελμησσός), also Telmissus ( grc, Τελμισσός), later Anastasiopolis ( grc, Αναστ� ...

from 14 September 1918 until 3 August 1923 and as the Metropolitan Archbishop of the same Archdiocese from 3 August 1923 until his death on 22 November 1944. Lwow-Kosciol-MB-Ostrobramskiej

Life

Archbishop Twardowski was born in the intelligent Polish Roman Catholic family in

Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in Western Ukraine, western Ukraine, and the List of cities in Ukraine, seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is o ...

. After graduation of the school education, he subsequently joined Faculty of Theology of the University of Lviv and the Major Roman Catholic Theological Seminary in Lviv in 1882 and was ordained as

priest A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in partic ...

on July 25, 1886, for the

by Archbishop Seweryn Morawski, when completed of the philosophical and theological studies. After that he continued to study in the

Pontifical Gregorian University The Pontifical Gregorian University ( it, Pontificia Università Gregoriana; also known as the Gregorian or Gregoriana,) is a higher education ecclesiastical school ( pontifical university) located in Rome, Italy. The Gregorian originated as ...

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

, obtaining a

Doctor of Canon Law Doctor of Canon Law ( la, Juris Canonici Doctor, JCD) is the doctoral-level terminal degree in the studies of canon law of the Roman Catholic Church. It can also be an honorary degree awarded by Anglican colleges. It may also be abbreviated ICD ...

degree. After returning from

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

, he served as a prefect in Major Roman Catholic Theological Seminary in Lviv and later was appointed as a chancellor of the Metropolitan curia. In 1902 he became a parish priest in

Ternopil Ternópil ( uk, Тернопіль, Ternopil' ; pl, Tarnopol; yi, טאַרנאָפּל, Tarnopl, or ; he, טארנופול (טַרְנוֹפּוֹל), Tarnopol; german: Tarnopol) is a city in the west of Ukraine. Administratively, Terno ...

and constructed there the Church of St. Mary of the Perpetual Assistance during 1903–1908. He remained here as dean and

canon Canon or Canons may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Canon (fiction), the conceptual material accepted as official in a fictional universe by its fan base * Literary canon, an accepted body of works considered as high culture ** Western ca ...

until 1918. On September 14, 1918, he was appointed by the Pope

Benedict XV Pope Benedict XV (Ecclesiastical Latin, Latin: ''Benedictus XV''; it, Benedetto XV), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, name=, group= (; 21 November 185422 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 1914 until his deat ...

as an Auxiliary Bishop of the

and a Titular Bishop of

. On January 12, 1919, he was consecrated as bishop by Metropolitan Archbishop Józef Bilczewski and other prelates of the

Roman Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

in the

Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption, Lviv The Archcathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, usually called simply the Latin Cathedral ( uk, Лати́нський собо́р, pl, Katedra Łacińska) is a 14th-century Roman Catholic cathedral in Lviv, western Ukrai ...

. In the same time he was nominated as a Vicar General of the Archdiocese and a Rector of the Major Latin Theological Seminary. In March 1923, with the death of Metropolitan Józef Bilczewski, he became a

Vicar capitular :''See: Catholic Church hierarchy#Equivalents of diocesan bishops in law'' A diocesan administrator is a provisional ordinary of a Roman Catholic particular church. Diocesan administrators in canon law The college of consultors elects an admi ...

of the Archdiocese and on August 3, 1923, was appointed by the Holy See as a Metropolitan Archbishop. Archbishop Twardowski died, while in the office, on November 22, 1944, and was buried in the Roman Catholic church of

Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn ''Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn'' ( lt, Aušros Vartų Dievo Motina, pl, Matka Boska Ostrobramska, be, Маці Божая Вастрабрамская, german: Mutter Gottes vor den Toren der Morgenröte, ua, Богородиця біля бр� ...

, accordingly with his will. He was a cousin of the Polish philosopher

Kazimierz Twardowski Kazimierz Jerzy Skrzypna-Twardowski (20 October 1866 – 11 February 1938) was a Polish philosopher, psychologist, logician, and rector of the Lwów University. He was initially affiliated with Alexius Meinong's Graz School of object theory. ...

, Rector of the University of Lviv.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Twardowski, Bolesław 1864 births 1944 deaths People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Polish Austro-Hungarians University of Lviv alumni Pontifical Gregorian University alumni Archbishops of Lviv 20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Poland Ukrainian Roman Catholic archbishops