Benozzo Gozzoli (4 October 1497) was an Italian

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD ...

painter from

Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany Regions of Italy, region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilan ...

. A pupil of

Fra Angelico Fra Angelico (born Guido di Pietro; February 18, 1455) was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance, described by Vasari in his '' Lives of the Artists'' as having "a rare and perfect talent".Giorgio Vasari, ''Lives of the Artists''. Pengu ...

, Gozzoli is best known for a series of murals in the

Magi Chapel The Magi Chapel is a chapel in the Palazzo Medici Riccardi of Florence, Italy. Its walls are almost entirely covered by a famous cycle of frescoes by the Renaissance master Benozzo Gozzoli, painted around 1459 for the Medici family, the effective ...

of the

Palazzo Medici-Riccardi The Palazzo Medici, also called the Palazzo Medici Riccardi after the later family that acquired and expanded it, is a Renaissance palace located in Florence, Italy. It is the seat of the Metropolitan City of Florence and a museum. Overview T ...

, depicting festive, vibrant processions with fine attention to detail and a pronounced

International Gothic International Gothic is a period of Gothic art which began in Burgundy, France, and northern Italy in the late 14th and early 15th century. It then spread very widely across Western Europe, hence the name for the period, which was introduced by th ...

influence. The chapel's fresco cycle reveals a new

interest in nature with its realistic depiction of landscapes and vivid human portraits. Gozzoli is considered one of the most prolific fresco painters of his generation. While he was mainly active in

Tuscany it, Toscano (man) it, Toscana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Citizenship , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Italian , demogra ...

, he also worked in

Umbria it, Umbro (man) it, Umbra (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , ...

and

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

.Ailsa Turner. "Gozzoli, Benozzo." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 7 June 2016

Biography

Apprenticeship

Gozzoli was born Benozzo di Lese, son of a tailor, in the village of Sant'Ilario a Colombano around 1421. His family moved to nearby

in 1427. According to the 16th century Italian biographer

Giorgio Vasari Giorgio Vasari (, also , ; 30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian Renaissance Master, who worked as a painter, architect, engineer, writer, and historian, who is best known for his work '' The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculp ...

, Gozzoli was a pupil and assistant of

in the early part of his career. Gozzoli assisted Angelico in the execution of fresco decorations in the dormitory cells of the Convent of San Marco in Florence. Established contributions here include '' The Adoration of the Magi'' in Cosimo de' Medici's cell and the '' Women at the Tomb'' in a larger depiction of the ''Resurrection of Christ'' in cell 8. Like many other Early Renaissance painters, Benozzo was initially trained as a goldsmith as well as a painter. Between 1444 and 1447, he was therefore able to collaborate with

Lorenzo Ghiberti Lorenzo Ghiberti (, , ; 1378 – 1 December 1455), born Lorenzo di Bartolo, was an Italian Renaissance sculptor from Florence, a key figure in the Early Renaissance, best known as the creator of two sets of bronze doors of the Florence Baptister ...

on the famous Gates of Paradise of the

Florence Baptistery The Florence Baptistery, also known as the Baptistery of Saint John ( it, Battistero di San Giovanni), is a religious building in Florence, Italy, and has the status of a minor basilica. The octagonal baptistery stands in both the Piazza del D ...

On 23 May 1447, Benozzo was with

, to where they were called by

Pope Eugene IV Pope Eugene IV ( la, Eugenius IV; it, Eugenio IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 3 March 1431 to his death in February 1447. Condulmer was a Venetian, and ...

to carry out fresco decorations in a chapel in the

Vatican Palace The Apostolic Palace ( la, Palatium Apostolicum; it, Palazzo Apostolico) is the official residence of the pope, the head of the Catholic Church, located in Vatican City. It is also known as the Papal Palace, the Palace of the Vatican and the V ...

. This chapel was later demolished, so nothing of these works remains. He then accompanied Angelico to

, where they decorated a chapel vault in the

Orvieto Cathedral Orvieto Cathedral ( it, Duomo di Orvieto; Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta) is a large 14th-century Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and situated in the town of Orvieto in Umbria, central Italy. Since 198 ...

. Due to political complications in the city, they completed only two of the four vault webs and were again summoned to the Vatican, where the pair worked for

Nicholas V Pope Nicholas V ( la, Nicholaus V; it, Niccolò V; 13 November 1397 – 24 March 1455), born Tommaso Parentucelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 March 1447 until his death in March 1455. Pope Eugene made ...

in the Niccoline Chapel until June 1448. Gozzoli is assumed to have made significant contributions in the chapel's frescoes. Furthermore, the attribution of a 1449 ''Madonna and Child'' ''Giving Blessings'' in the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva is disputed between Gozzoli and Fra Angelico. In Rome, Gozzoli also executed a fresco of '' St Anthony of Padua'' in the Basilica of Santa Maria in Aracoeli. Both Fra Angelico and Lorenzo Ghiberti were to influence much of Gozzoli's work for the rest of his life. From Ghiberti he learned precision in depicting the finest details and how to illustrate a story vividly, while from Fra Angelico, he took his bright color palette, transferring it to the art of fresco painting.

In Umbria

Benozzo Gozzoli - Scenes from the Life of St Francis (Scene 11, south wall) - WGA10242

In 1449, Gozzoli left Angelico and moved to Umbria. In the hilltown of

Narni Narni (in Latin, Narnia) is an ancient hilltown and ''comune'' of Umbria, in central Italy, with 19,252 inhabitants (2017). At an altitude of 240 m (787 ft), it overhangs a narrow gorge of the Nera River in the province of Terni. ...

there is an ''Annunciation'' from 1450, signed OPU BENOT DE FLORENT A In the monastery of San Fortunato, near

Montefalco Montefalco is a historic small hill town in Umbria, Italy, with a population of 5,581 in August 2017. It has been settled since pre-Roman times, and retains many of its historic buildings. From 1446 to 1861 it was part of the Papal States. Montef ...

, Gozzoli painted a '' Madonna and Child between St. Francis and St. Bernardine of Siena'', and three other works. One of these, the altarpiece '' Madonna of the Girdle'', is now in the

Vatican Museums The Vatican Museums ( it, Musei Vaticani; la, Musea Vaticana) are the public museums of the Vatican City. They display works from the immense collection amassed by the Catholic Church and the papacy throughout the centuries, including several of ...

and shows the affinity of Benozzo's early style to Angelico's. In 1450, Gozzoli received his first major independent commission from the monastery of S. Francesco in Montefalco. There, he filled the choir chapel with three registers of episodes from the life of St Francis of Assisi and various accessories, including portrait heads of

Dante Dante Alighieri (; – 14 September 1321), probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante (, ), was an Italian people, Italian Italian poetry, poet, writer and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', origin ...

Petrarch Francesco Petrarca (; 20 July 1304 – 18/19 July 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch (), was a scholar and poet of early Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists. Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited ...

and

Giotto Giotto di Bondone (; – January 8, 1337), known mononymously as Giotto ( , ) and Latinised as Giottus, was an Italian painter and architect from Florence during the Late Middle Ages. He worked during the Gothic/ Proto-Renaissance period. G ...

. These

works Works may refer to: People * Caddy Works (1896–1982), American college sports coach * Samuel Works (c. 1781–1868), New York politician Albums * '' ''Works'' (Pink Floyd album)'', a Pink Floyd album from 1983 * ''Works'', a Gary Burton album ...

were completed in 1452, and are still marked by the style of Angelico, crossed here and there with a more distinctly Giottesque influence. In the same church, in the chapel of

Saint Jerome Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; he is co ...

, there is a fresco by Gozzoli of the ''Virgin and Saints'', the ''

Crucifixion Crucifixion is a method of capital punishment in which the victim is tied or nailed to a large wooden cross or beam and left to hang until eventual death from exhaustion and asphyxiation. It was used as a punishment by the Persians, Carthagi ...

'' and other subjects. Gozzoli probably remained at Montefalco (with an interval at

Viterbo Viterbo (; Viterbese: ; lat-med, Viterbium) is a city and ''comune'' in the Lazio region of central Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo. It conquered and absorbed the neighboring town of Ferento (see Ferentium) in its early history ...

) until 1456, employing

Pier Antonio Mezzastris Pier Antonio Mezzastris (or Pierantonio Mezastris; c. 1430 – c. 1506) was an Italian painter of the Quattrocento, painting in a somewhat provincial style for the time. He was born at Foligno in Umbria. He painted religious subjects, working mos ...

as an assistant. Then, he went to

Perugia Perugia (, , ; lat, Perusia) is the capital city of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the River Tiber, and of the province of Perugia. The city is located about north of Rome and southeast of Florence. It covers a high hilltop and pa ...

and painted a ''Virgin and Saints'' that is now in the local academy.

Return to Florence

That same year, Benozzo returned to his native city Florence, the epicenter of ''Quattrocento'' art. Between 1459 and 1461, Gozzoli painted what may be considered his most important works, the frescoes in the

of the

. There, in his ''Journey of the Magi to Bethlehem'' and ''Angels in Adoration'', he mastered a combination of complexity and subtlety, portraying a wealthy scene that encompasses realistic depictions of nature and vivid human portraits. In his '' Journey of the Magi'', Gozzoli incorporated numerous portraits of his

Medici The House of Medici ( , ) was an Italian banking family and political dynasty that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de' Medici, in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century. The family originated in the Mu ...

patrons, their allies and prominent contemporary figures. Furthermore, he also included his self-portrait in the procession, with his name written around the rim of his cap. His frescoes in the Magi Chapel brought Gozzoli a great amount of fame and ensured him of new important commissions. One of these was an altarpiece for the Confraternity of the Purification in Florence, originally housed in the Convent of San Marco. The ''Virgin and Child Enthroned among Angels and Saints'' that he produced between 1461 and 1462 for this occasion now houses in the National Gallery, London. This has additional references: *Vasari, Crowe and Cavalcaselle, and the other ordinary authorities, can be consulted as to the career of Gozzoli. * A separate ''Life'' of him, by H. Stokes, was published in 1903 in Newne’s Art library.

Late years in Tuscany

San Gimignano

In 1463, likely in fear of the plague, Gozzoli left Florence for San Gimignano, where he executed some extensive works. Most prominent of these is his seventeen-panel fresco cycle on ''The Life of

St Augustine Augustine of Hippo ( , ; la, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Afr ...

'', covering the entire apsidal chapel in the church of Sant'Agostino. In that same church Gozzoli also completed a composition of ''St. Sebastian Protecting the City from the Plague'', in which he depicted St. Sebastian fully clothed and unhurt, thereby going against iconographic canon. In 1465, at the town's heart in the Collegiate Church of Santa Maria Assunta, Gozzoli furthermore painted a fresco of the '' Martyrdom of Sebastian''. He stayed in San Gimignano until 1467, completing some further works in the city and its vicinity.

Pisa

Presentation_of_Christ_in_the_Temple,_Benozzo_Gozzoli,_1460-1461_(Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art)

In 1469, Gozzoli moved to Pisa and began working on his most extensive commission: the vast series of mural paintings in the Campo Santo edifice of Pisa. There, he depicted twenty-four subjects from the Old Testament, ranging from the ''Invention of Wine by Noah'' to the ''Visit of the

Queen of Sheba The Queen of Sheba ( he, מַלְכַּת שְׁבָא‎, Malkaṯ Šəḇāʾ; ar, ملكة سبأ, Malikat Sabaʾ; gez, ንግሥተ ሳባ, Nəgśətä Saba) is a figure first mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. In the original story, she bring ...

to Solomon''. He was contracted to paint three subjects per year for about ten ducats each. It appears, however, that this contract was not strictly adhered to, for the actual rate of painting was only three pictures in two years. Perhaps the great multitude of figures and accessories was accepted as a set-off against the slower rate of production. By January 1470 he had executed the fresco of ''Noah and his Family'', followed by the ''Curse of Ham'', the ''Building of the

Tower of Babel The Tower of Babel ( he, , ''Mīgdal Bāḇel'') narrative in Genesis 11:1–9 is an origin myth meant to explain why the world's peoples speak different languages. According to the story, a united human race speaking a single language and mi ...

'' (which contains portraits of Cosimo de' Medici, the young Lorenzo, Angelo Poliziano and others), the ''Destruction of Sodom'', the ''Victory of Abraham'', the ''Marriages of Rebecca and of Rachel'', the ''Life of Moses'', etc. In the Cappella Ammannati, facing a gate of the Campo Santo, he also painted an ''

Adoration of the Magi The Adoration of the Magi or Adoration of the Kings is the name traditionally given to the subject in the Nativity of Jesus in art in which the three Magi, represented as kings, especially in the West, having found Jesus by following a star, ...

'', wherein appears a portrait of himself. All this enormous mass of work, in which Benozzo was probably assisted by

Zanobi Machiavelli Zanobi Machiavelli (1418–1479) was an Italian painter and illuminator. Machiavelli specialized in religious themed pieces. Some of his works reside at the National Gallery, London, and the Dunedin Public Art Gallery. He died in Pisa Pisa ...

, was performed, in addition to several other pictures during his stay in Pisa (including the ''Glory of

St. Thomas Aquinas Thomas Aquinas, OP (; it, Tommaso d'Aquino, lit=Thomas of Aquino; 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and priest who was an influential philosopher, theologian and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism; he is known ...

'', now in the Louvre), in sixteen years, lasting up to 1485. This is the latest date which can with certainty be assigned to any work from his hand. Gozzoli died in Pistoia in 1497, perhaps of a pestilence. In 1478, as a token of their regard, the Pisan authorities had given him a tomb in the Campo Santo. He likewise had a house of his own in Pisa, and houses and land in Florence.

Trivia

* The painters Francesco, Gerolamo, and Alesso di Benozzo were his sons and assisted him on various commissions. * The ''Master of the Small Figures'' identified by Longhi is the same painter called ''Alunno di Benozzo'' (pupil of Benozzo) by Berenson. The name is based on stylistic grounds.The Samuel H. Kress Study Collection at the University of Missouri
by Norman E. Land, page 29-33.

Major work

*'' Women at the Tomb'' (1440–1441) - Fresco,

San Marco San Marco is one of the six sestieri of Venice, lying in the heart of the city as the main place of Venice. San Marco also includes the island of San Giorgio Maggiore. Although the district includes Saint Mark's Square, that was never admin ...

, Florence *''

'' (1440–1441) - Fresco,

, Florence * Gates of Paradise (1444-1447, collaboration) - Gilded bronze doors, Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence * Chapel of the Madonna di San Brizio (1447, collaboration) - Fresco,

, Orvieto * Niccoline Chapel (1447-1449, collaboration) - Fresco,

Apostolic Palace The Apostolic Palace ( la, Palatium Apostolicum; it, Palazzo Apostolico) is the official residence of the pope, the head of the Catholic Church, located in Vatican City. It is also known as the Papal Palace, the Palace of the Vatican and t ...

Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...

''The Virgin and Child with Angels''
(1447-1450) - Tempera on wood, 29.2 x 21.6 cm,

National Gallery The National Gallery is an art museum in Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminster, in Central London, England. Founded in 1824, it houses a collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. The current Director ...

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

* ''Madonna and Child Giving Blessings'' (1449) - Tempera on silk on a wooden mount, 254 x 130 cm, Santa Maria sopra Minerva,

*'' St. Anthony of Padua'' (1450) - Panel,

Santa Maria in Aracoeli The Basilica of St. Mary of the Altar of Heaven ( la, Basilica Sanctae Mariae de Ara coeli in Capitolio, it, Basilica di Santa Maria in Ara coeli al Campidoglio) is a titular basilica in Rome, located on the highest summit of the Campidoglio. ...

, Rome *'' Madonna and Child between St Francis and St Bernardine of Siena'' (1450) - Fresco, San Fortunato,

*''St Fortunatus Enthroned'' (1450) - Fresco, 200 x 110 cm, San Fortunato, Montefalco *''Madonna and Child'' (1450) - Fresco, 250 x 135 cm, San Fortunato, Montefalco *'' Madonna of the Girdle'' (1450-1452) - Tempera on panel, 133 x 164 cm, Pinacoteca Vaticana, Vatican City *''Madonna and Child Surrounded by Saints'' (1452) - Fresco, Cappella di San Gerolamo, San Francesco, Montefalco *''The Departure of St Jerome from Antioch'' (1452) - Fresco, Cappella di San Gerolamo, San Francesco, Montefalco *''St Jerome Pulling a Thorn from a Lion's Paw'' (1452) - Fresco, Cappella di San Gerolamo, San Francesco, Montefalco *''Madonna and Child with Sts Francis and Bernardine, and Fra Jacopo ''() - Tempera on panel, 34 x 54 cm, Kunsthistorisches Museum,

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

*''Madonna and Child with Sts John the Baptist, Peter, Jerome, and Paul'' (1456) - Tempera on panel, 122 x 212 cm,

Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria The Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria (English: National Gallery of Umbria) the Italian national paintings collection of Umbria, housed in the Palazzo dei Priori, Perugia, in central Italy. Located on the upper floors of the Palazzo dei Priori, the ex ...

*'' Procession of the Magi'' (1459–1460) - Frescoes,

Palazzo Medici Riccardi The Palazzo Medici, also called the Palazzo Medici Riccardi after the later family that acquired and expanded it, is a Renaissance palace located in Florence, Italy. It is the seat of the Metropolitan City of Florence and a museum. Overview ...

, Florence *''Madonna and Child'' () - Tempera on panel, 84.8 x 50.6 cm,

Detroit Institute of Arts The Detroit Institute of Arts (DIA), located in Midtown Detroit, Michigan, has one of the largest and most significant art collections in the United States. With over 100 galleries, it covers with a major renovation and expansion project comple ...

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...

*''The Virgin and Child Enthroned among Angels and Saints'' (1461-1462) - Tempera on panel, 161.9 x 170.2 cm, National Gallery, London *''St. Dominic Reuscitates Napoleone Orsini'' (1461) - Tempera on panel, 25 x 35 cm,

Pinacoteca di Brera The Pinacoteca di Brera ("Brera Art Gallery") is the main public gallery for paintings in Milan, Italy. It contains one of the foremost collections of Italian paintings from the 13th to the 20th century, an outgrowth of the cultural program of ...

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

*''Fall of Simon Magus'' (1461–1462) - Tempera on panel, 24 x 35,5 cm, Royal Collection, Hampton Court Palace, London *''The Dance of Salome'' (1461–1462) - Tempera on panel, 23.8 x 34.3 cm, National Gallery of Art,

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

*''Histories of St. Augustine'' (1464–1465) - Frescoes, Sant'Agostino, San Gimignano *''Four Evangelists'' (1464–1465) - Fresco, Sant'Agostino, San Gimignano *''Saints'' (1464–1465) - Frescoes, Sant'Agostino, San Gimignano *'' St. Sebastian Intercessor'' (1464–1466) - Fresco, 527 x 248 cm, Sant'Agostino, San Gimignano *''Martyrdom of St Sebastian'' (1465) - Tempera on panel, 525 x 378 cm,

Collegiate Church In Christianity, a collegiate church is a church where the daily office of worship is maintained by a college of canons: a non-monastic or "secular" community of clergy, organised as a self-governing corporate body, which may be presided over by ...

, San Gimignano *'' Mystical Marriage of St. Catherine'' (1466) - Tempera on panel, 90 x 50 cm, Palazzo Gazzoli, Pinacoteca Comunale,

Terni Terni ( , ; lat, Interamna (Nahars)) is a city in the southern portion of the region of Umbria in central Italy. It is near the border with Lazio. The city is the capital of the province of Terni, located in the plain of the Nera river. It is ...

*''Madonna and Child between Sts. Andrew and Prosper'' (''

Madonna dell'Umiltà Madonna of humility refers to artistic portrayals of the Virgin Mary which depict her sitting on the ground, or upon a low cushion. She may be holding the Christ Child in her lap. The term Virgin of humility is also used to refer to this style of ...

''; 1466) - Tempera on panel, 137 x 138 cm, Museo Civico, San Gimignano *''Triumph of St. Thomas Aquinas'' (1471) - Tempera on panel, 230 x 102 cm,

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

*''The Vintage and Drunkenness of Noah'' (1469–1484) - Fresco, Campo Santo, Pisa *''Histories of the Holy Virgin ''(1484) - Transferred frescoes, Biblioteca Comunale, Castelfiorentino *''

Deposition of Christ The Descent from the Cross ( el, Ἀποκαθήλωσις, ''Apokathelosis''), or Deposition of Christ, is the scene, as depicted in art, from the Gospels' accounts of Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus taking Christ down from the cross after hi ...

'' (1491) -Also called ''Descent from the Cross''. Oil on canvas, 180 x 300 cm, Museo Horne, Florence

Notes

References

Dale Kent Dale Vivienne Kent (born 1942) is an Australian historian who specialises in the Italian Renaissance. Born Dale Vivienne Butler in 1942, Kent was brought up in a Christian Science family in Melbourne, Victoria. She graduated from the Universi ...

, ''Cosimo de' Medici and the Florentine Renaissance'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000). * Franco Cardini, ''The Chapel of the Magi in Palazzo Medici'' (Firenze: Mandragora, 2001). * Roger J. Crum, "Roberto Martelli, the Council of Florence, and the Medici Palace Chapel", ''Zeitschrift & Kunstgeschichte'', 59 (1996). * Benozzo Gozzoli a San Gimignano, a cura di Gerardo de Simone, Cristina Borgioli, exhib. catal. (San Gimignano, Pinacoteca & Museo d’Arte Sacra, 18 June-1 November 2016), Firenze, Giunti, 2016

External links

*
Life of St. Augustine Frescoes with Narrative ExplanationBenozzo Gozzoli Museum
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Gozzoli, Benozzo 1420s births 1497 deaths People from Scandicci Italian Renaissance painters Painters from Florence Quattrocento painters Italian male painters 15th-century people of the Republic of Florence 15th-century Italian painters Catholic painters Date of birth unknown