Battle of Gandesa (1938)
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The Battle of Gandesa took place in April 1938 during the
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebeli ...
.


Background

After the fall of Caspe, the Nationalists troops continued their advance towards Catalonia with the support of the '' Legion Condor'' and the ''
Aviazione Legionaria The Legionary Air Force ( it, Aviazione Legionaria, es, Aviación Legionaria) was an expeditionary corps from the Italian Royal Air Force that was set up in 1936. It was sent to provide logistical and tactical support to the Nationalist facti ...
''. By the end of February the nationalists had reached the outskirts of
Gandesa Gandesa () is the capital of the ''comarca'' of Terra Alta, in the province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. History In the place known as ''Coll del Moro'' there is an ancient Iberian archaeological site belonging to the Ilercavones tribe that ...
. The XV International Brigade had been retreating since the Aragón Offensive began, and the republican lines collapsed. The battle followed the decision of the XV International Brigade to dig in and hold the town of Gandesa in an effort to slow down the Francoist troops, which had been advancing steadily since the beginning of the offensive.


Battle

The town of Gandesa was held by the XV International Brigade. The Nationalists attacked with troops of
Mario Berti Mario Berti (3 February 1881 – 1964) was an Italian officer during World War I and a general in the Spanish Civil War and World War II.Macksey, p. 35 Personal life Mario Berti was born in La Spezia, which is located in modern-day Liguria. ...
's
CTV CTV may refer to: Television * Connected TV, or Smart TV, a TV set with integrated internet North America and South America * CTV Television Network, a Canadian television network owned by Bell Media ** CTV 2, a secondary Canadian televisio ...
and Monasterio's Army Corps. Despite the prowess of the British troops, Gandesa fell on 3 April and 140 British and American members of the International Brigades were captured. However, the resistance of the XV Brigade allowed the Republican troops to regroup and to withdraw some material across the
Ebro River , name_etymology = , image = Zaragoza shel.JPG , image_size = , image_caption = The Ebro River in Zaragoza , map = SpainEbroBasin.png , map_size = , map_caption = The Ebro ...
.Thomas, Hugh. (2001). The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. p.781


Cultural references

This battle is mentioned in the song ''
Jamie Foyers "Jamie Foyers" is a song by the folk singer and songwriter Ewan MacColl. In ''The Essential Ewan MacColl Songbook'', Peggy Seeger wrote that the song was written in the period 1937-1939 but could not give an exact year (although it is difficult to ...
'', where the fictional hero is killed.


See also

*
List of Spanish Nationalist military equipment of the Spanish Civil War {{short description, None This is a list of all military equipment used by the nationalists during the Spanish Civil War. Weapons * List of Spanish Civil War weapons of the Nationalists Aircraft * List of aircraft of Nationalist Spain in t ...
*
List of weapons of the Corpo Truppe Volontarie This is a list of weapons of the Corpo Truppe Volontarie which was an Italian ground force that supported the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War. It was composed of regular Royal Italian Army soldiers and members of the Blackshirt Paramil ...
*
Aviazione Legionaria The Legionary Air Force ( it, Aviazione Legionaria, es, Aviación Legionaria) was an expeditionary corps from the Italian Royal Air Force that was set up in 1936. It was sent to provide logistical and tactical support to the Nationalist facti ...
*
Condor Legion The Condor Legion (german: Legion Condor) was a unit composed of military personnel from the air force and army of Nazi Germany, which served with the Nationalist faction during the Spanish Civil War of July 1936 to March 1939. The Condor Legio ...
*
List of Spanish Republican military equipment of the Spanish Civil War This is a list of military equipment of the Spanish Republicans. The Soviet Union was the main provider of Republican military equipment. Weapons * List of Spanish Civil War weapons of the Republicans Aircraft * List of aircraft of the Spa ...


References

Gandesa 1938 Gandesa 1938 1938 in Spain Gandesa 1938 Province of Tarragona Gandesa 1938 April 1938 events {{SpanishCivilWar-battle-stub