Batna Province
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Batna Province ( ar, ولاية باتنة, Latn, ar, Wilāyat Bātnah) is a
province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...
of
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
, in the region of Aurès. The capital is Batna. Localities in this province include
N'Gaous N'Gaous ( la, Nicives, link=no) is an ancient town in northeastern Algeria, The city of N'Gaous is a city located southwest of the state of Batna, an area of 80.45 km, rising 770 meters above sea level, in a beautiful place among the str ...
,
Merouana Merouana (Tamazight: Tamerwant) is a city in Batna Province, Algeria. It is situated around 40 km from Batna City, and is inhabited by the Chaoui Berbers. Merouana is one of the oldest local daïras (districts). It is the capital of the ...
and
Timgad Timgad ( ar, تيمقاد, links=, lit=, translit=Tīmgād, known as Marciana Traiana Thamugadi) was a Roman city in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria. It was founded by the Roman Emperor Trajan around 100 AD. The full name of the city was ''Colon ...
.
Belezma National Park The Belezma National Park (Arabic:الحظيرة الوطنية بلزمة) is one of the most important national parks of Algeria. It is located in Batna Province on the slopes of the Belezma Range, a subrange of the Aurès Mountains. Descrip ...
is in the
Belezma Range The Belezma Range, also transliterated as Belzma ( ar, بلزمة), is a prolongation of the Aurès Mountains, at the confluence of the Tell Atlas and the Saharan Atlas in northeastern Algeria. It is separated from the main Aurès Range by the Ba ...
area of the province.


Administrative divisions

It is made up of 21
districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
and 61
municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
. The districts are: #
Aïn Djasser Aïn Djasser is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates ...
# Aïn Touta #
Arris In architecture, an arris is the sharp edge formed by the intersection of two surfaces, such as the corner of a masonry unit; the edge of a timber in timber framing; the junction between two planes of plaster or any intersection of divergent a ...
#
Barika Barika ( ar, بريكة) is a city in Batna Province, in Eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algi ...
# Batna #
Bouzina Bouzina is a town in north east Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , ...
# Chemora # Djezzar # El Madher # Ichmoul # Menaâ #
Merouana Merouana (Tamazight: Tamerwant) is a city in Batna Province, Algeria. It is situated around 40 km from Batna City, and is inhabited by the Chaoui Berbers. Merouana is one of the oldest local daïras (districts). It is the capital of the ...
#
N'Gaous N'Gaous ( la, Nicives, link=no) is an ancient town in northeastern Algeria, The city of N'Gaous is a city located southwest of the state of Batna, an area of 80.45 km, rising 770 meters above sea level, in a beautiful place among the str ...
# Ouled Si Slimane #
Ras El Aioun Ras El Aioun (Arabic:رأس العيون, Algerian Arabic pronunciation: راس لعيون Ras Layoun, French: ''Ras El Aïoun'') is a town in northeastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg ...
# Seggana #
Seriana Seriana (;) is a town in Batna Province, Algeria, at . In the colonial period, it was called Pasteur. It has been identified as the ancient Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamiggiga. An arms factory, the ''Entreprise des Réalisations Industrielles d ...
#
T'Kout Tkoutt (in the Berber language: Tkukt or Kukt or ⵝⴾⵓⴾⵝ) is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capi ...
# Tazoult # Théniet El Abed #
Timgad Timgad ( ar, تيمقاد, links=, lit=, translit=Tīmgād, known as Marciana Traiana Thamugadi) was a Roman city in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria. It was founded by the Roman Emperor Trajan around 100 AD. The full name of the city was ''Colon ...
The municipalities are: #
Aïn Djasser Aïn Djasser is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates ...
# Aïn Touta # Aïn Yagout #
Amantan Amentane ( ar, أمنطان) is a small village in Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinat ...
#
Amdoukal Amdoukal is a town in north-eastern Algeria. Communes of Batna Province Cities in Algeria {{Batna-geo-stub ...
#
Arris In architecture, an arris is the sharp edge formed by the intersection of two surfaces, such as the corner of a masonry unit; the edge of a timber in timber framing; the junction between two planes of plaster or any intersection of divergent a ...
#
N'Gaous N'Gaous ( la, Nicives, link=no) is an ancient town in northeastern Algeria, The city of N'Gaous is a city located southwest of the state of Batna, an area of 80.45 km, rising 770 meters above sea level, in a beautiful place among the str ...
# Batna # Ben Foudhala El Hakania #
Bitam Bitam is a town in northern Gabon on the N2 road on the border with Cameroon. As of the 2013 census, its population is 27,923. It is home to a large market and an airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly ...
# Boulhilat #
Boumagueur Boumagueur ( ar, بومقر, Berber: ⴱⵓⵎⴰⴳⴻⵔ) is a town in northeast of Algeria. Area of the town is 111.69 km2, 8474 people live there, density of population is 76/km2. The climate prevailing in this region is very dry and hot ...
# Boumia #
Bouzina Bouzina is a town in north east Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , ...
# Djerma # Djezzar # Draa Etine # El Hassi # El Madher # Fesdis # Foum Toub #
Ghassira Ghassira is a town in Batna Province, north-eastern Algeria. One of its most famous and most influential men was called Sheikh Mohammad Yekken Al Ghassiri (1915–1974). Sheikh Mohammad Yekken Al Ghassiri Mohammad Yekken Al Ghassiri Ghassir ...
# Chemora #
Gosbat Gosbat () is a town in northeastern Algeria. References

Communes of Batna Province Batna Province {{Batna-geo-stub ...
# Guigba # Hayat #
Hidoussa Hidoussa is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = ...
# Ichmoul # Inoughissen # Kimmel #
Ksar Bellezma Ksar Bellezma is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates ...
# Larbaâ # Lazrou # Lemsane # Mâafa # Menâa #
Merouana Merouana (Tamazight: Tamerwant) is a city in Batna Province, Algeria. It is situated around 40 km from Batna City, and is inhabited by the Chaoui Berbers. Merouana is one of the oldest local daïras (districts). It is the capital of the ...
# Metkaouak #
N'Gaous N'Gaous ( la, Nicives, link=no) is an ancient town in northeastern Algeria, The city of N'Gaous is a city located southwest of the state of Batna, an area of 80.45 km, rising 770 meters above sea level, in a beautiful place among the str ...
# Chir # Oued Chaâba #
Oued El Ma Oued El Ma is a small town in the Aures region, and administratively is a municipality (French: commune) in the province of Batna. The name Oud El Ma is derived from the Berber name ″Ighzer n'Alma″, with 'Oud' means river that come from the ...
# Oued Taga # Ouled Ammar # Ouled Aouf # Ouled Fadel # Ouled Sellam # Ouled Si Slimane # Ouyoun El Assafir #
Rahbat Rahbat is a town in the Batna Province of north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , co ...
# Ras Ei Aioun #
Sefiane Sefiane is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = ...
# Seggana #
Seriana Seriana (;) is a town in Batna Province, Algeria, at . In the colonial period, it was called Pasteur. It has been identified as the ancient Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamiggiga. An arms factory, the ''Entreprise des Réalisations Industrielles d ...
# Talkhamt # Taxlent # Tazoult # Teniet El Abed #
Tighanimine Tighanimine is a town in Batna Province, north-eastern Algeria. It is located on Abiod Valley. There are some small Ancient Roman In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in ...
#
Tigherghar Tigherghar is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates ...
#
Tilatou Tilatou is a town in north-eastern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = ...
#
Timgad Timgad ( ar, تيمقاد, links=, lit=, translit=Tīmgād, known as Marciana Traiana Thamugadi) was a Roman city in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria. It was founded by the Roman Emperor Trajan around 100 AD. The full name of the city was ''Colon ...
# Tkout # Zana El Beida


Geography

The origins of the name of the city and province of Batna are not clear, but most historians agree that it is of Arabic origin: ''m'batna'', meaning: "Where we sleep this night". Capital of the
highlands Highland is a broad term for areas of higher elevation, such as a mountain range or mountainous plateau. Highland, Highlands, or The Highlands, may also refer to: Places Albania * Dukagjin Highlands Armenia * Armenian Highlands Australia *Sou ...
situated between the
Tell Atlas The Tell Atlas ( ar, الاطلس التلي, Latn, ar, al-ʾaṭlas al-tlī) is a mountain chain over in length, belonging to the Atlas mountain ranges in North Africa, stretching mainly across northern Algeria, with ends in both north-easter ...
in the north and the
Saharan Atlas Saharan may refer to: * Someone or something from the Sahara desert * Sahrawi people (also spelled Saharawi), the indigenous people of Western Sahara * Saharan languages The Saharan languages are a small family of languages across parts of the ea ...
in the south, with the
Chott el Hodna The ''Chott el Hodna'' ( ar, شط الحضنة) is a very shallow saline lake in Algeria. It is located within an endorheic basin in the Hodna region, towards the eastern end of the ''Hautes Plaines''. The ''Chott el Hodna'' includes seasonal brac ...
in the middle, it constitutes a naturally protected passage between south and north. Its climate is moderate, hot and dry during summer time, due to its altitude (it being 800 metres above sea level) the winter is tough, snowy and at times cold (with temperatures of -15 °C recorded on some cold winter nights). This geo-political position is the origin of the last economy merging city due to a high commercial exchange rate between the north's seaward opening, and the south's source of all the wealth of the country (including reserves of
oil An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated ...
,
natural gas Natural gas (also called fossil gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Low levels of trace gases like carbo ...
,
iron Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in f ...
and many
minerals In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. (2 ...
).


Population

Batna City is the fourth largest
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
n city in terms of population; the number of permanent inhabitants is estimated by the Office National de Recencement at 446,000 (as of 2000), though other sources closer to the province estimate closer to one million. A large part of the population is largely mixed from all surrounding villages which suffer from a heavy unemployment rate and isolation. The natives are named "Tamazight", or in the local dialect: "Chaouyas", (the plural of Chaoui). The presence of the Tamazight is historically established; the locals refer to "Jugurtha", "Massinissa" and especially "Dihya" or so called "Kahina", as their ascendants and history. The local resistance to the repetitive invasions is a source of proud and trivial culture;
Phoenicians Phoenicia () was an ancient Semitic-speaking peoples, ancient thalassocracy, thalassocratic civilization originating in the Levant region of the eastern Mediterranean, primarily located in modern Lebanon. The territory of the Phoenician city-st ...
,
Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
,
Arabs The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Wester ...
and French. The word "Tamazight" in Chaoui (Berber) language means "Free men". As opposed to the surrounding villages (e.g. Arris, Fesdis, Ain Yagout, Kais, N'gaous, Merouana, Djerma, El Madher, Ouled Nail) where you can find pure chaoui, the city of Batna itself is very heterogeneous, including chaoui from Batna (like Ouled Sidi Yahia, Ouled Boujamâa), Biskra and Khenchla but also many non-berber or mixed families from the Algerian desert (from places such as Oued Souf, Tougourt, Msila and Ouled Jelle) and other places from the west, explaining the fact that the city is mostly arabophone.


Economy

The economy is based on heavy industry launched during the first half of the 1970s. With
chemicals A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., wit ...
, as well as with an
industrial Industrial may refer to: Industry * Industrial archaeology, the study of the history of the industry * Industrial engineering, engineering dealing with the optimization of complex industrial processes or systems * Industrial city, a city dominate ...
and
textile Textile is an umbrella term that includes various fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, filaments, threads, different fabric types, etc. At first, the word "textiles" only referred to woven fabrics. However, weaving is not the ...
base, the region attracts people from the whole region. The city offers a large choice of
university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
orientation (15,000 students in 2001). The city urban structure is based on the old town buildings, narrow and highly populated; the actual city expansion policy is based on heavy works done the surrounding mountain flanks to provide enough buildable space.


Life level

The rapid expansion of the city in the last 10 years is mainly due to the open market policy of the previous government, which was a benefit for many, but in the same way penalized many of the middle-class. The continuously growing city results in an extreme level of inflation especially on the real estate domain where prices reach extreme levels (for example, ownership of one square meter of land in the city center costs $1000) where the lowest paid salaries are in the region of $180.


Social life

The cultural aspect of the city was active during a time when the local theater group was giving continuous and innovating performances. The city consisted of 12
cinemas A movie theater (American English), cinema (British English), or cinema hall (Indian English), also known as a movie house, picture house, the movies, the pictures, picture theater, the silver screen, the big screen, or simply theater is a ...
and 2 "cinemathèques", one culture house and many open
museums A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these ...
across the province. Due to recent events, security problems and an influx of population into the city, the cultural life has been heavily affected, though recently, thanks to the work of young artists, culture is once again on the public scene.


See also

*
Hodna The Hodna (french: Le Hodna) is a natural region of Algeria located between the Tell and Saharan Atlas ranges at the eastern end of the ''Hautes Plaines''. It is a vast depression lying in the northeastern section of M'Sila Province and the weste ...


References

{{Authority control Provinces of Algeria States and territories established in 1974