History
A veteran of this city is mentioned in a list of soldiers from Nicopolis, a Roman garrison suburb of Alexandria, Egypt, recruited in Africa province. The city was devastated by an earthquake in 365 after which the Forum (Roman), forum appears to have been abandoned The 6th century was a time of great affluence for the town, with a golden Solidus (coin), solidi coin hoard testifying to this wealth. The town appears on the Roman Tabula Peutingeriana road map By the 7th century there is evidence of fortified housing, though pottery remains indicate a continuance of occupation to the 10th century, well after the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. The Roman town was sacked by Ibn Sa'd in 647 AD. A Berbers, Berber population moved in following the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, Islamic conquest and used the Roman building materials for other settlements.Ecclesiastical history
The city was also the cathedra, seat of an ancient bishopric, like many suffragan of the Metropolitan of Carthage (episcopal see), Carthage, in the papal sway, like most also destined to fade, presumably at the advent of Islam. Its only historically documented bishop , ''Iulianus Vararitanus'' (or Bararitanus), was found on the lists of bishops in Byzacena province having attended in 484 the Council of Carthage (484) called by Arian king Huneric of the Vandal Kingdom, after which most Catholic bishops (including him?) were exiles, unlike their schismatic Donatist colleagues.Titular see
The diocese was nominally restored in 1933 as titular bishopric of (Latin) / Bararo (Curiate Italian) / (Latin adjective). It was vacant since decades, having had the following incumbents, so far of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank: * Johannes Baptist Filzer (1927.02.18 – death 1962.07.13) as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salzburg, Archdiocese of Salzburg (Austria) (1927.02.18 – 1962.07.13) * Bernardo José Bueno Miele (1962.11.22 – 1967.01.25) as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campinas, Archdiocese of Campinas (Brazil) (1962.11.22 – 1967.01.25); next Titular Archbishop of Uppenna (1967.01.25 – 1972.07.12) as Coadjutor Archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) (1967.01.25 – 1972.07.12), succeeding as Metropolitan Archbishop of Ribeirão Preto (1972.07.12 – death 1981.12.22) * Damián Nicolau Roig, Third Order Regular Franciscans (T.O.R.) (born Spain) (1967.04.08 – resigned 1977.11.25) while first-ever Bishop-Prelate of Territorial Prelature of Huamachuco (Peru) (1963.10.23 – retired 1981.09.13), died 1998 * Michael Augustine (bishop), Michael Augustine (1978.01.30 – 1981.06.19) as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madras and Mylapore, Archdiocese of Madras and Mylapore (India) (1978.01.30 – 1981.06.19); next Bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Vellore, Vellore (India) (1981.06.19 – 1992.02.18), Metropolitan Archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pondicherry and Cuddalore, Pondicherry and Cuddalore (India) (1992.02.18 – retired 2004.06.10) * Nelson Antonio Martínez Rust (1982.01.08 – 1992.02.29) as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Valencia in Venezuela, Archdiocese of Valencia in Venezuela (Venezuela) (1982.01.08 – 1992.02.29); later Bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of San Felipe, Venezuela, San Felipe (Venezuela) (1992.02.29 – retired 2016.03.11) * Zef Simoni (1992.12.25 – death 2009.02.21), first as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Shkodrë, Archdiocese of Shkodrë (Albania) (1992.12.25 – retired 2004.01.20), then as emeritus * Luis Rafael Zarama (born Colombia) (2009.07.27 – 2017.07.05) as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Atlanta, Archdiocese of Atlanta (Georgia, USA) (2009.07.27 – 2017.07.05); later Bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Raleigh, Raleigh (USA) (2017.07.05 – ...).Remains
Rougga is the site of Henchir-Ronga, which comprises numerous ruins of the Roman Empire, Roman era. including the Bararus Amphitheatre The layout of the Roman town ''is organized around a Forum (Roman), forum dominated by two Roman Temple, temples.... also two large semi circulaTheater
The theater is located on the opposite bank of the ''wadi'' from Bararus and is roughly oval in shape. The theater of Bararus is in bad condition, though a stage of 29½ by 30 meters is still discernible. The overall size of the arena was 98 by 73.5 meters with seating on a radial barrel vaulting the Arena walls were only 3 meters heigh and lacked a parapet. It was estimated that the arena could seat 12100 spectators. The arena may have been unfinished.Cistern
The underground cisterns are very large. and were excavated by the French in the 20th century.Inscriptions
Several inscriptions were found in the town, including one recording that the curator ''Republicae'' performed duties in the three cities of Thysdrus, Thaenae and Bararus.Guery R. and P. Trousset, BararusSee also
* List of Catholic dioceses in Tunisia * Oued er RouggaReferences
{{Reflist, 2Sources and external links