The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (german: Österreichisches Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst) is a

state decoration A state decoration is an object, such as a medal or the insignia of an order, that is awarded by a sovereign state to honor the recipient. The term includes: *Civil awards and decorations *Military awards and decorations See also * State order ...

of the

Republic of Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine States of Austria, states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, th ...

and forms part of the Austrian national honours system.

History

The "Austrian Decoration for Science and Art" was established by the National Council as an honour for

scientific Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for ...

artistic Art is a diverse range of human activity, and resulting product, that involves creative or imaginative talent expressive of technical proficiency, beauty, emotional power, or conceptual ideas. There is no generally agreed definition of wh ...

achievements by Federal Law of May 1955 ( Federal Law Gazette No. 96/1955 as amended BGBl I No 128/2001). At the same time, the National Council also established the "Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art", which is awarded as "Cross of Honour, First Class" (German: ''Ehrenkreuz 1. Klasse'') and "Cross of Honour" (German: ''Ehrenkreuz''). While not technically counted as lower classes of the Decoration for Science and Art, these crosses are nevertheless affiliated with it.

Divisions

Decoration for Science and Art

The number of living recipients of the Decoration for Science and Art is limited to a maximum of 72 at any one time (36 recipients for science and 36 for arts). In each of these two groups there are 18 Austrian citizens and 18 foreign nationals.

Cross of Honour for Science and Art, First Class

There are no limits on the number of recipients.

Cross of Honour for Science and Art

There are no limits on the number of recipients.

Precedence

Recipients

Decoration for Science and Art

*1957:

Clemens Holzmeister Clemens Holzmeister (27 March 1886 – 12 June 1983) was a prominent Austrian architect and stage designer of the early twentieth century. The Austrian Academy of Fine Arts listed his life's work as containing 673 projects. He was the father of ...

, architect *1959: Max Mell, writer *1960:

O. W. Fischer Otto Wilhelm Fischer (german: O. W. Fischer, ; 1 April 1915 – 29 January 2004) was an Austrians, Austrian film and theatre actor, a leading man of Cinema of Germany, West German cinema during the ''Wirtschaftswunder'' era of the 1950s and 19 ...

, actor *1961:

Herbert von Karajan Herbert von Karajan (; born Heribert Ritter von Karajan; 5 April 1908 – 16 July 1989) was an Austrian conductor. He was principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic for 34 years. During the Nazi era, he debuted at the Salzburg Festival, wit ...

, conductor; Rudolf von Laun, international lawyer *1964:

Edmund Hlawka Edmund Hlawka (November 5, 1916, Bruck an der Mur, Styria – February 19, 2009) was an Austrian mathematician. He was a leading number theorist. Hlawka did most of his work at the Vienna University of Technology. He was also a visiting profess ...

, mathematician; Ernst Lothar, writer and director *1966: Ludwig von Ficker, writer and publisher *1967:

Karl Heinrich Waggerl Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austri ...

, writer;

Lise Meitner Elise Meitner ( , ; 7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist who was one of those responsible for the discovery of the element protactinium and nuclear fission. While working at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute on r ...

, physicist *1969:

Anny Felbermayer Anny Felbermayer (21 July 1924 – 5 September 2014) was an Austrian soprano in opera and concert. The lyric soprano was a long-term member of the Vienna State Opera. She appeared in many operas by Richard Strauss, including the premiere of his ' ...

, soprano *1971:

Fritz Wotruba Fritz Wotruba (23 April 1907, Vienna, Austria – 28 August 1975, Vienna) was an Austrian sculptor of Czecho- Hungarian descent. He was considered one of the most notable sculptors of the 20th century in Austria. In his work, he increasingly di ...

, architect and artist *1972:

Elias Canetti Elias Canetti (; bg, Елиас Канети; 25 July 1905 – 14 August 1994) was a German-language writer, born in Ruse, Bulgaria to a Sephardic family. They moved to Manchester, England, but his father died in 1912, and his mother took her ...

, writer *1974:

Gottfried von Einem Gottfried von Einem (24 January 1918 – 12 July 1996) was an Austrian composer. He is known chiefly for his operas influenced by the music of Stravinsky and Prokofiev, as well as by jazz. He also composed pieces for piano, violin and organ. Biog ...

, composer *1975:

Hans Tuppy Hans Tuppy (born July 22, 1924) is an Austrian biochemist who participated in the sequencing of insulin, and became Austria's first university professor for biochemistry. He was Austrian Minister for Science and Research from 1987 to 1989. Fami ...

, biochemist;

Robert Stolz Robert Elisabeth Stolz (25 August 188027 June 1975) was an Austrian songwriter and conductor as well as a composer of operettas and film music.Stanley Sadie Ed. (2002) ''The New Grove Dictionary of Opera'', Oxford University Press Biogra ...

, composer *1976:

Friedrich Torberg Friedrich Torberg (16 September 1908, Vienna, Alsergrund – 10 November 1979, Vienna) is the pen-name of Friedrich Kantor, an Austrian writer. Biography He worked as a critic and journalist in Vienna and Prague until 1938, when his Jewish he ...

, writer and translator;

Manfred Eigen Manfred Eigen (; 9 May 1927 – 6 February 2019) was a German biophysical chemist who won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on measuring fast chemical reactions. Eigen's research helped solve major problems in physical chemistry and ...

, chemist *1977: Ernst Schönwiese, writer *1978: Hans Nowotny, chemist *1979:

Roland Rainer Roland Rainer (1 May 1910 – 10 April 2004) was an Austrian architect. Born in Klagenfurt, Roland Rainer decided to become an architect when he was 18, so he studied at the Vienna University of Technology. His thesis was about the Karlsplatz in ...

, architect; Max Weiler, artist *1980:

Alfred Uhl Alfred Uhl (5 June 1909 – 8 June 1992) was an Austrian composer, violist, music teacher and conductor. Biography Uhl was born in Vienna and studied with Franz Schmidt at the Vienna Music Academy, receiving a diploma in composition with ho ...

and Marcel Rubin, composer;

Fritz Hochwälder Fritz Hochwälder (28 May 1911 – 21 October 1986) also known as Fritz Hochwaelder, was an Austrian playwright. Known for his spare prose and strong moralist themes, Hochwälder won several literary awards, including the Grand Austrian State ...

, writer;

Karl Popper Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian-British philosopher, academic and social commentator. One of the 20th century's most influential philosophers of science, Popper is known for his rejection of the ...

, philosopher and science theorist *1981:

Gertrud Fussenegger Gertrud Fussenegger (8 May 1912 – 19 March 2009) was an Austrian writer and a prolific author, especially of historical novels. Many commentators felt that her reputation never entirely escaped from the shadow cast by her enthusiasm, as a youn ...

, writer;

Werner Berg Werner may refer to: People * Werner (name), origin of the name and people with this name as surname and given name Fictional characters * Werner (comics), a German comic book character * Werner Von Croy, a fictional character in the ''Tomb Raid ...

, painter *1982: Heinrich Harrer, mountaineer;

Jacqueline de Romilly Jacqueline Worms de Romilly (; née David, Greek: Ζακλίν ντε Ρομιγύ, 26 March 1913 – 18 December 2010) was a French philologist, classical scholar and fiction writer. She was the first woman nominated to the Collège de France, an ...

, philologist *1983: Hans Plank, painter *1985:

Erika Mitterer Erika may refer to: Arts and Entertainment * Hayasaka Erika (''Megatokyo)'' * Erika (''Friends'') * Erika (''Pokémon'') * Erika (''Underworld'') * Erika Itsumi ''(Girls und Panzer)'' * ''Erika'' (film), a 1971 Italian thriller film * "E ...

, writer *1986: Johann Jascha, artist *1987:

Friederike Mayröcker Friederike Mayröcker (20 December 1924 – 4 June 2021) was an Austrian writer of poetry and prose, audio plays, children's books and dramatic texts. She experimented with language, and was regarded as an avantgarde poet, and as one of the lea ...

, writer *1988:

Dietmar Grieser Dietmar is a German forename. * Dietmar I (archbishop of Salzburg), ruled 874 to 907 *Dietmar von Aist, Minnesinger from a baronial family of Upper Austria, documented between 1140 and 1171 *Dietmar Bär (born 1961), German actor *Dietmar Bartsch ...

, author and journalist *1990:

Ernst Jandl Ernst Jandl (; 1 August 1925 – 9 June 2000) was an Austrian writer, poet, and translator. He became known for his experimental lyric, mainly sound poems (''Sprechgedichte'') in the tradition of concrete and visual poetic forms. Poetry Inf ...

, writer;

Hans Hollein Hans Hollein (30 March 1934 – 24 April 2014) was an Austrian architect and designer

, architect *1991: H.C. Artmann, writer *1992: Carlos Kleiber, conductor;

Krzysztof Penderecki Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki (; 23 November 1933 – 29 March 2020) was a Polish composer and conductor. His best known works include ''Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima'', Symphony No. 3, his '' St Luke Passion'', '' Polish Requiem'', ' ...

, composer *1993:

Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky Margarete "Grete" Lihotzky (born 23 January 1897 in the Margareten district of Vienna, Austria-Hungary – 18 January 2000) was an Austrian architect and a communist activist in the Austrian resistance to Nazism. She is mostly remembered tod ...

, architect;

Peter Schuster Peter K. Schuster (born 7 March 1941) is a theoretical chemist known for his work with the German Nobel Laureate Manfred Eigen in developing the quasispecies model. His work has made great strides in the understanding of viruses and their replica ...

, chemist; Gottfried Biegelmeier, physicist; Walter Thirring, physicist;

Albert Eschenmoser Albert Jakob Eschenmoser (born 5 August 1925) is a Swiss organic chemist, best known for his work on the synthesis of complex heterocyclic natural compounds, most notably vitamin B12. In addition to his significant contributions to the field of ...

, chemist;

Albrecht Schöne Albrecht Schöne (born 17 July 1925) is a German Germanist. From 1960 to 1990 he was a professor of German philology at the University of Göttingen. Career Schöne was born on 17 July 1925 in Barby an der Elbe. After graduating from secondary s ...

, philologist; Günther Wilke, chemist *1994: Josef Mikl, painter;

Erwin Chargaff Erwin Chargaff (11 August 1905 – 20 June 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist, writer, Bucovinian Jew who emigrated to the United States during the Nazi era, and professor of biochemistry at Columbia University medical scho ...

, chemist *1995:

Horst Stein Horst Walter Stein (born 2 May 1928 in Elberfeld, Germany; died 27 July 2008 in Vandœuvres, Switzerland) was a German conductor. Biography Stein's father was a mechanic. At school in Frankfurt, he studied piano, oboe, and singing. Late ...

, conductor *1996: Siegfried Josef Bauer, meteorologist and geophysicist *1997: Bruno Gironcoli, artist;

Kurt Schwertsik Kurt Schwertsik (born 25 June 1935) is an Austrian contemporary composer. He is known for creating the "Third Viennese School" and spreading contemporary classical music. Life Schwertsik was born in Vienna. A pupil of Joseph Marx and Karl Schis ...

, composer;

Hans Hass Hans Hass (23 January 1919 – 16 June 2013) was an Austrian biologist and underwater diving pioneer. He was known mainly for being among the first scientists to popularise coral reefs, stingrays, octopuses and sharks. He pioneered the making of ...

, biologist; Robert Walter, jurist; Albrecht Dihle, classical philologist; Cassos Karageorghis, archaeologist; Klemens von Klemperer, historian *1998: Hans-Jörg Wiedl reptile expert Helmut Denk, pathologist *1999: Carl Pruscha, architect; Elisabeth Lichtenberger, geographer;

Karl Acham Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austri ...

, sociologist; Walter Kohn, physicist *2000:

Paul Kirchhof Paul Kirchhof (born February 21, 1943 in Osnabrück) is a German jurist and tax law expert. He is also a professor of law, member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences and, a former judge in the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany ( ...

, constitutional and tax lawyer; Hans Müllejans, provost;

Herwig Wolfram Herwig Wolfram (born 14 February 1934) is an Austrian historian who is Professor Emeritus of Medieval History and Auxiliary Sciences of History at the University of Vienna and the former Director of the . He is a leading member of the Vienna Sc ...

, historian; Gerardo Broggini, lawyer *2001:

Anton Zeilinger Anton Zeilinger (; born 20 May 1945) is an Austrian quantum physicist and Nobel laureate in physics of 2022. Zeilinger is professor of physics emeritus at the University of Vienna and senior scientist at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Qu ...

, experimental physicist *2002:

Arik Brauer Arik Brauer ( he, אריק בראואר; 4 January 1929 – 24 January 2021) was an Austrian painter, printmaker, poet, dancer, singer-songwriter, stage designer, architect, and academic teacher. Brauer, from a family of Jewish emigrants, grew ...

, painter, poet and singer;

Peter Wolf Peter Wolf (born March 7, 1946) is an American musician best known as the lead vocalist of the J. Geils Band from 1967 to 1983 and as a solo artist. Early life and education Peter Wolf was born Peter Walter Blankfield on March 7, 1946 in The ...

, Austrian-born producer and composer; Eugen Biser, religious philosopher;

Horst Dreier Horst Dreier (born 7 September 1954) is a German jurist and legal philosopher. He currently holds a chair at the University of Würzburg. In 2008 he was the initial candidate to replace Winfried Hassemer at the Federal Constitutional Court of Ger ...

, legal philosopher; Elliott H. Lieb, physicist and mathematician; Bogdan Bogdanović, architect *2003:

Hermann Fillitz Hermann Fillitz (20 April 1924 – 14 June 2022) was an Austrian art historian.Wolfgang M. Schmidt Wolfgang M. Schmidt (born 3 October 1933) is an Austrian mathematician working in the area of number theory. He studied mathematics at the University of Vienna, where he received his PhD, which was supervised by Edmund Hlawka, in 1955. Wolfgang ...

, mathematician *2004: Klaus Wolff, dermatologist *2005:

Václav Havel Václav Havel (; 5 October 193618 December 2011) was a Czech statesman, author, poet, playwright, and former dissident. Havel served as the last president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992 and then ...

, writer, dissident and former president of the Czech Republic; Christian Attersee, painter;

Eric Kandel Eric Richard Kandel (; born Erich Richard Kandel, November 7, 1929) is an Austrian-born American medical doctor who specialized in psychiatry, a neuroscientist and a professor of biochemistry and biophysics at the College of Physicians and Surge ...

, neuroscientist; Peter Palese, virologist *2006:

Bruno Ganz Bruno Ganz (; 22 March 1941 – 16 February 2019) was a Swiss actor whose career in German stage, television and film productions spanned nearly 60 years. He was known for his collaborations with the directors Werner Herzog, Éric Rohmer, Franc ...

, actor;

Stephen Toulmin Stephen Edelston Toulmin (; 25 March 1922 – 4 December 2009) was a British philosopher, author, and educator. Influenced by Ludwig Wittgenstein, Toulmin devoted his works to the analysis of moral reasoning. Throughout his writings, he sought ...

, philosopher;

Christian Meier Christian Dietrich Meier Zender (born June 23, 1970), best known as Christian Meier, is a Peruvian actor and singer in Latin America, the US Hispanic market, and around the Spanish speaking world. Biography Meier was born in Lima, Peru, the yo ...

, historian;

Pierre Soulages Pierre Jean Louis Germain Soulages (; 24 December 1919 – 26 October 2022) was a French painter, printmaker, and sculptor. In 2014, President François Hollande of France described him as "the world's greatest living artist." His works are held ...

, painter;

Michael Mitterauer Michael may refer to: People * Michael (given name), a given name * Michael (surname), including a list of people with the surname Michael Given name "Michael" * Michael (archangel), ''first'' of God's archangels in the Jewish, Christian an ...

, historian *2007:

Otto Tausig Otto Tausig (13 February 1922 – 10 October 2011) was an Austrian writer, director and actor. Although he usually appeared in German language films, he also played in English language films such as '' Love Comes Lately'', and in French language fi ...

, actor *2008:

Marina Abramović Marina Abramović ( sr-Cyrl, Марина Абрамовић, ; born November 30, 1946) is a Serbian conceptual and performance artist. Her work explores body art, endurance art, feminist art, the relationship between the performer and audi ...

, performance artist *2009:

Mati Sirkel Mati Sirkel (born 12 October 1949) is an Estonian translator and writer. Career He was born in Paide. In 1972 he graduated from Tartu State University with a degrees in literary theory and German philology. From 1972 until 1975, he worked as a ...

, translator *2010: Paul Holdengräber, curator *2012:

Christoph Waltz Christoph Waltz (; born 4 October 1956) is an Austrian-German actor. Since 2009 he has been primarily active in the United States. His accolades include two Academy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, two British Academy Film Awards and two Scree ...

, actor, director. *2013:

Gerhard Rühm Gerhard Rühm (born 12 February 1930 in Vienna) is an Austrian author, composer and visual artist. Biography Rühm studied the piano and music composition at the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna. Following his studies he unde ...

, author, composer, artist *2014:

Abbas Kiarostami Abbas Kiarostami ( fa, عباس کیارستمی ; 22 June 1940 – 4 July 2016) was an Iranian film director, screenwriter, poet, photographer, and film producer. An active filmmaker from 1970, Kiarostami had been involved in the production of ...

, film director, screenwriter, photographer

Cross (and Cross 1st Class)

Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art 1st Class

*1960:

Karl Schiske Karl Hubert Rudolf Schiske (12 February 1916 – 16 June 1969) was an Austrian composer and musical composition professor. Life Schiske was born in Győr in what is now western Hungary which was then still part of the Danube Monarchy in 1916. ...

, composer *1961: Günther Baszel, artist; Ernst Lothar, author and director *1965: Kurt Roger, Composer / Professor Georg Szell Conductor

Nathan Milstein Nathan Mironovich Milstein ( – December 21, 1992) was a Russian-born American virtuoso violinist. Widely considered one of the finest violinists of the 20th century, Milstein was known for his interpretations of Bach's solo violin works and ...

Violin *1967:

Maria Augusta von Trapp Baroness Maria Augusta von Trapp DHS (; 26 January 1905 – 28 March 1987) was the stepmother and matriarch of the Trapp Family Singers. She wrote '' The Story of the Trapp Family Singers'', which was published in 1949 and was the inspirati ...

, matriarch of the Trapp Family Singers *1968:

Alphons Barb Alphons Augustinus Barb (born: Alfons Ascher Barb; 15 April 1901 – 13 November 1979) was an Austrian academic, archaeologist, numismatist, museum director and author who received recognition both from his native Austria and in Britain for his ...

, author *1970:

Enver Čolaković Enver Čolaković (27 May 1913 – 18 August 1976) was a Bosnian novelist, poet and translator, best known for his 1944 novel ''The Legend of Ali-Pasha''. During the later stages of World War II he served as a cultural attaché to the Independent S ...

, writer and poet *1971:

Gustav Zelibor Gustav, Gustaf or Gustave may refer to: *Gustav (name), a male given name of Old Swedish origin Art, entertainment, and media * ''Primeval'' (film), a 2007 American horror film * ''Gustav'' (film series), a Hungarian series of animated short cart ...

, pianist and conductor *1974:

, writer; Marcel Rubin, composer;

Arthur Hilton Arthur Hilton (April 5, 1897 – October 15, 1979) was a British-born film editor and director. Biography Hilton was born in London and edited his first film in 1928. Shortly after, he immigrated to the US, where he worked on such films as the W ...

, chemist, *1975

Karl Menger Karl Menger (January 13, 1902 – October 5, 1985) was an Austrian-American mathematician, the son of the economist Carl Menger. In mathematics, Menger studied the theory of algebras and the dimension theory of low- regularity ("rough") curves ...

, mathematician *1976: Wolfgang Mayer König, writer *1977: Wolfgang Rehm, musicologist *1978: Kurt Neumüller, pianist and pedagogue *1980:

, composer *1981: Thomas Christian David, conductor, composer, flutist *1982: Margareta Sjöstedt Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art

*1983: Walter Bitterlich, forest scientist, Wolf Häfele, physicist *1984: Frank Sinatra, singer and actor, Fritz Muliar, actor and director, Ludwig Schwarzer, painter *1987: Alois Hergouth, writer and poet; Helen Adolf, literature scholar and linguist *1989: Norbert Pawlicki, pianist and composer *1994: Christian M. Nebehay, art dealer and author *1996: Ronald S. Calinger, American historian of Mathematics; Fausto Cercignani, Italian scholar, essayist and poet; Quirino Principe, Italian philosopher of music and dramatist *1997: Herbert Willi, composer; Lucian O. Meysels, author; Ernest Manheim, American sociologist of Hungarian origin *1998: Senta Berger, actress, Kiki Kogelnik, artist (posthumously awarded), Edith Neumann, microbiologist. *1999: Peter Simonischek, actor, Erich Gruen, historian. *2001: Klaus-Peter Sattler, composer, Hermann Maurer (computer scientist), Hermann Maurer, computer scientist, Walter Homolka, rabbi; Hannspeter Winter, physicist; Johann Grander, inventor. *2002: Fabio Luisi, Italian conductor, Kurt Rudolf Fischer, philosopher, Wolfdietrich Schmied-Kowarzik, philosopher; John Ross (chemist), John Ross, chemist; Seiji Ozawa, conductor *2003: Erich Schleyer, actor and author, Günther Granser, economist *2004: Oswald Oberhuber, artist, Hans Winter, veterinary pathologist *2005: Gottfried Kumpf, painter, architect, sculptor, Georg Ratzinger, choirmaster, Heinz Zemanek, computer pioneer *2006: Peter Ruzicka, German composer and artistic director, Lothar Bruckmeier, painter, Peter Wegner, computer scientist, Elisabeth Leonskaja, Russian pianist, Richard Kriesche, artist *2007: Herbert W. Franke, scientist, writer, artist; Hans Walter Lack, botanist; Josef Burg (writer), Josef Burg, writer; Reginald Vospernik, high school director; Nuria Nono-Schönberg, Lawrence Schönberg, Ronald Schönberg, the three children of Arnold Schoenberg *2008: Gerhard Haszprunar, zoologist; Ernst von Glasersfeld, Austro-American constructivist, Michael Ludwig (fencer), Michael Ludwig, Michael Kaufmann, manager of German culture; Reinhard Putz, anatomist; Jessye Norman, American soprano; Hannes Androsch, Finance Minister and Vice Chancellor a.D.; Gerald Holton, physicist and historian of science *2008: Arvo Pärt, Estonian composer *2009: Grita Insam, gallerist; Hans Werner Scheidl, journalist and author; Stefan Größing, sports scientist; Bruno Mamoli, specialist in neurology and psychiatry, Fredmund Malik, management scientist Theodore Bikel *2010: Boris Pahor, Slovenian writer *2011: Harry Schachter, Canadian Biochemist *2012: Hilde Hawlicek, Austrian former government minister *2012: Ronny Reich, Israeli Archaeologist *2013: Uroš Lajovic, Slovenian conductor *2015: Jan M. Ziolkowski, American medievalist and Latinist *2015: Richard Gisser, demographer *2017: Julius Rebek Jr., American chemist; Michael Schratz, educational scientist *2019: , Dutch historian *2020: Jesús Padilla Gálvez, Spanish philosopher *2021: August Reinisch, Austrian lawyer

Forfeiture

Forfeiture of this honour became possible with Federal Law Gazette I No 128/2001, changing Act § 8a. It allows the government to strip recipients of their honours if deemed unworthy. The best known example of such a forfeiture is of the Nazi physician Heinrich Gross. On 5 August 2008 the Austrian Science Minister Johannes Hahn decided not to withdraw the award from inventor Johann Grander. – see also Wikipedia German version and see also Austrian ministry

References

External links

www.kurienwissenschaftundkunst.at

Decoration of Honour
Federal President of the Republic of Austria
Federal Law Gazette, 22 June 1955
Federal Law of 25 May 1955 on the creation of the Austrian Medal for Science and the Arts and the Austrian Honorary Cross for Science and the Arts (pdf, 647kb)
Federal Law Gazette, November 2001
Amendment to the Federal Law on the establishment of an Austrian Medal for Science and the Arts and the Austrian Honorary Cross for Science and the Arts. (pdf, 5kb) {{DEFAULTSORT:Austrian Decoration For Science And Art Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria Lists of Austrian people 1955 establishments in Austria Awards established in 1955