Arthur Edward Pepper Jr. (September 1, 1925 – June 15, 1982) was an American

alto saxophonist The alto saxophone is a member of the saxophone family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones were invented by Belgian instrument designer Adolphe Sax in the 1840s and patented in 1846. The alto saxophone is pitched in E, smaller than the B teno ...

and very occasional

tenor saxophonist The tenor saxophone is a medium-sized member of the saxophone family, a group of instruments invented by Adolphe Sax in the 1840s. The tenor and the alto are the two most commonly used saxophones. The tenor is pitched in the key of B (while th ...

and clarinetist. Active in

West Coast jazz West Coast jazz refers to styles of jazz that developed in Los Angeles and San Francisco during the 1950s. West Coast jazz is often seen as a subgenre of cool jazz, which consisted of a calmer style than bebop or hard bop. The music relied re ...

, Pepper came to prominence in Stan Kenton's big band. He was known for his emotionally charged performances and several stylistic shifts throughout his career, and was described by critic

Scott Yanow Scott Yanow (born October 4, 1954) is an American jazz reviewer, historian, and author. Allmusic Biography/ref> Biography Yanow was born in New York City and grew up near Los Angeles. Since 1974, he was a regular reviewer of many jazz styles a ...

as having "attained his goal of becoming the world's great altoist" at the time of his death.

Early life

Art Pepper was born in Gardena, California, United States.Dupuis, Robert. "Art Pepper." ''Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music.'' Vol. 18. Detroit, MI: Gale Research, 1997. 164-67. Print. His mother was a 14-year-old runaway; his father, a merchant seaman. Both were violent alcoholics, and when Pepper was still quite young, he was sent to live with his paternal grandmother. He expressed early musical interest and talent, and he was given lessons. He began playing clarinet at nine, switched to alto

saxophone The saxophone (often referred to colloquially as the sax) is a type of Single-reed instrument, single-reed woodwind instrument with a conical body, usually made of brass. As with all single-reed instruments, sound is produced when a reed (mouthpi ...

at 13, and immediately began jamming on Central Avenue, the black nightclub district of

Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world ...

Career

At the age of 17, he began playing professionally with Benny Carter and then became part of the Stan Kenton orchestra, touring with that band until he was drafted in 1943. After the war, he returned to Los Angeles, and joined the Kenton Innovations Orchestra. By the 1950s, Pepper was recognized as one of the leading alto saxophonists in jazz, finishing second only to

Charlie Parker Charles Parker Jr. (August 29, 1920 – March 12, 1955), nicknamed "Bird" or "Yardbird", was an American jazz saxophonist, band leader and composer. Parker was a highly influential soloist and leading figure in the development of bebop, a form ...

as Best Alto Saxophonist in the ''

DownBeat ' (styled in all caps) is an American music magazine devoted to "jazz, blues and beyond", the last word indicating its expansion beyond the jazz realm which it covered exclusively in previous years. The publication was established in 1934 in Ch ...

'' magazine Readers Poll of 1952. Along with

Chet Baker Chesney Henry "Chet" Baker Jr. (December 23, 1929 – May 13, 1988) was an American jazz trumpeter and vocalist. He is known for major innovations in cool jazz that led him to be nicknamed the "Prince of Cool". Baker earned much attention and ...

Gerry Mulligan Gerald Joseph Mulligan (April 6, 1927 – January 20, 1996), also known as Jeru, was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, composer and arranger. Though primarily known as one of the leading jazz baritone saxophonists—playing the instrum ...

, and Shelly Manne, and perhaps due more to geography than playing style, Pepper is often associated with the musical movement known as

, as contrasted with the East Coast (or "hot") jazz of

Dizzy Gillespie John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie (; October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, composer, educator and singer. He was a trumpet virtuoso and improviser, building on the virtuosic style of Roy Eldridge but a ...

and

Miles Davis Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926September 28, 1991) was an American trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. He is among the most influential and acclaimed figures in the history of jazz and 20th-century music. Davis adopted a variety of music ...

. Some of Pepper's best known albums from the 1950s are ''

Art Pepper Meets the Rhythm Section ''Art Pepper Meets the Rhythm Section'' is a 1957 jazz album by saxophonist Art Pepper with Red Garland, Paul Chambers, and Philly Joe Jones, who were the rhythm section for Miles Davis's quintet at the time. The album is considered a milestone in ...

'', '' Art Pepper + Eleven – Modern Jazz Classics'', '' Gettin' Together'', and '' Smack Up''. Other recordings from this time appear on ''The

Aladdin Aladdin ( ; ar, علاء الدين, ', , ATU 561, ‘Aladdin') is a Middle-Eastern folk tale. It is one of the best-known tales associated with ''The Book of One Thousand and One Nights'' (''The Arabian Nights''), despite not being part o ...

Recordings'' (three volumes), '' The Early Show'', ''The Late Show'', ''

Surf Ride ''Surf Ride'' is an album by saxophonist Art Pepper featuring sessions from 1952-54 which was originally released as a 12 inch LP on the Savoy label in 1956.Edwards, D., Callahan, M., Eyries, P., Watts, R. and Neely, TDiscography Preview for the S ...

'', and ''

Art Pepper with Warne Marsh ''Art Pepper with Warne Marsh'' is an album by alto saxophonist Art Pepper and tenor saxophonist Warne Marsh which was recorded in 1956 but not released on the Contemporary label in Japan until 1986. The rhythm section is pianist Ronnie Ball, bass ...

'' (also issued as ''The Way It Was!''), which features a session recorded with

Warne Marsh Warne Marion Marsh (October 26, 1927 – December 18, 1987) was an American tenor saxophonist. Born in Los Angeles, his playing first came to prominence in the 1950s as a protégé of pianist Lennie Tristano and earned attention in the 1970s as ...

. His career was repeatedly interrupted by several prison stints stemming from his addiction to

heroin Heroin, also known as diacetylmorphine and diamorphine among other names, is a potent opioid mainly used as a recreational drug for its euphoric effects. Medical grade diamorphine is used as a pure hydrochloride salt. Various white and bro ...

, but Pepper managed to have several productive "comebacks". Remarkably, his substance abuse and legal travails did not affect the quality of his recordings, which maintained a high level of musicianship throughout his career until his death in 1982. His last comeback saw Pepper, who had started his career in Stan Kenton's big band, becoming a member of Buddy Rich's Big Band from 1968 to 1969. After beginning methadone therapy in the mid-1970s, he toured Europe and Japan with his own groups and recorded many albums, mostly for Galaxy Records, a subsidiary of Fantasy Records., Pepper's later albums include '' Living Legend'', '' Art Pepper Today'', '' Among Friends'', and ''Live in Japan''.

Personal life

Pepper lived for many years in the hills of Echo Park, in Los Angeles. He became a heroin addict in the 1940s, and his career was interrupted by drug-related

prison A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, corre ...

sentences in 1954–56, 1960–61, 1961–64, and 1964–65; the final two sentences were served in

San Quentin San Quentin State Prison (SQ) is a California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation state prison for men, located north of San Francisco in the unincorporated place of San Quentin in Marin County. Opened in July 1852, San Quentin is th ...

. While in San Quentin, he played in an ensemble with saxophonist Frank Morgan. In the late 1960s, Pepper spent time in Synanon, a rehabilitation program that turned out to be a cult. His

autobiography An autobiography, sometimes informally called an autobio, is a self-written account of one's own life. It is a form of biography. Definition The word "autobiography" was first used deprecatingly by William Taylor in 1797 in the English peri ...

,''Straight Life: The Story Of Art Pepper''
by Art Pepper and Laurie Pepper, Da Capo Press (reprint of original 1979 book published by Schirmer Books, a division of MacMillan Publishing). '' Straight Life'' (1980, co-written with his third wife Laurie Pepper), discusses the jazz music world, as well as drug and criminal

subculture A subculture is a group of people within a culture that differentiates itself from the parent culture to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, poli ...

s of mid-20th century California. Among the many anecdotes shared from his life, Pepper boasts of raping a woman while stationed in

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

(deserved, in his view, because he had shared whiskey and walked several miles with her). Soon after the publication of this book, director Don McGlynn released the documentary film ''Art Pepper: Notes from a Jazz Survivor'', discussing his life and featuring interviews with both Art and his wife Laurie, as well as footage from a live performance in a Malibu jazz club. Laurie Pepper also released an interview to NPR. Pepper died of a

stroke A stroke is a disease, medical condition in which poor cerebral circulation, blood flow to the brain causes cell death. There are two main types of stroke: brain ischemia, ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and intracranial hemorrhage, hemorr ...

in Los Angeles on June 15, 1982, aged 56. He is interred in the Abbey of the Psalms Mausoleum in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery, Hollywood.

Discography

As leader

* ''

'' (

Savoy Savoy (; frp, Savouè ; french: Savoie ) is a cultural-historical region in the Western Alps. Situated on the cultural boundary between Occitania and Piedmont, the area extends from Lake Geneva in the north to the Dauphiné in the south. Sa ...

, 1956) – recorded in 1952–54 * '' Two Altos'' with

Sonny Red Sylvester Kyner Jr. (December 17, 1932 – March 20, 1981), known as Sonny Red, was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer associated with the hard bop idiom among other styles. Sonny Red played with Art Blakey, Curtis Fuller, Paul Q ...

(Regent, 1959) – recorded in 1952–54 * '' The Return of Art Pepper'' with Jack Sheldon (Jazz West, 1956) * '' Playboys'' with

and

Phil Urso Phil Urso (2 October 1925, Jersey City, New Jersey — 7 April 2008, Denver, Colorado) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist and composer known for his association with trumpeter Chet Baker. Urso learned clarinet as a child and switched to t ...

(

Pacific Jazz Pacific Jazz Records was a Los Angeles-based record company and label best known for cool jazz or West coast jazz. It was founded in 1952 by producer Richard Bock (1927–1988) and drummer Roy Harte (1924–2003). Harte, in 1954, also co-founded ...

, 1956) – reissued as ''Picture of Heath'' * '' The Art Pepper Quartet'' (Tampa, 1957) – recorded in 1956 * ''

Collections Collection or Collections may refer to: * Cash collection, the function of an accounts receivable department * Collection (church), money donated by the congregation during a church service * Collection agency, agency to collect cash * Collection ...

'' with Red Norvo, Joe Morello and

Gerry Wiggins Gerald Foster Wiggins (May 12, 1922 – July 13, 2008) was an American jazz pianist and organist. Early life Wiggins was born in New York City on May 12, 1922.Vacher, Pete"Wiggins, Gerry" ''The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz'' (2nd edition). G ...

(Intro, 1957) * ''

Modern Art Modern art includes artistic work produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the styles and philosophies of the art produced during that era. The term is usually associated with art in which the tradi ...

'' (Intro, 1957) – recorded in 1956-57 * ''

'' (Contemporary, 1957) * '' Art Pepper + Eleven – Modern Jazz Classics'' (Contemporary, 1959) * '' Gettin' Together'' with Conte Candoli (Contemporary, 1960) * '' Smack Up'' with Jack Sheldon (Contemporary, 1960) * '' Intensity'' (Contemporary, 1963) – recorded in 1960 * ''Art Pepper Quartet in San Francisco'' ( Fresh Sound, 1964) – live * ''Art Pepper Quintet : Live at Donte's 1968'' with

Joe Romano Joseph S. Romano (April 17, 1932 – November 26, 2008) was an American jazz saxophonist. He was born in Rochester, New York, United States. Romano learned to play clarinet and alto and tenor sax as a child. He enlisted in the United States Ai ...

(Fresh Sound, 1968) – live * ''The Art of Pepper'' (Onyx, 1974) – recorded in 1957 * ''Garden State Jam Sessions'' Bootleg (Lone Hill Jazz, 1975) – live * ''I'll Remember April : Live at Foothill College'' ( Storyville, 1975) * '' Living Legend'' (Contemporary, 1975) * '' The Trip'' (Contemporary, 1976) * ''

A Night in Tunisia "A Night in Tunisia" is a musical composition written by Dizzy Gillespie around 1940–42, while Gillespie was playing with the Benny Carter band. It has become a jazz standard. It is also known as "Interlude", and with lyrics by Raymond Leveen w ...

'' (Storyville, 1977) – live * '' Tokyo Debut'' (

Galaxy A galaxy is a system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, dark matter, bound together by gravity. The word is derived from the Greek ' (), literally 'milky', a reference to the Milky Way galaxy that contains the Solar System ...

, 1977) – live. also released as ''First Live in Japan''. * '' No Limit'' (Contemporary, 1977) * ''

Thursday Night at the Village Vanguard ''Thursday Night at the Village Vanguard'' is a live album by saxophonist Art Pepper, recorded at the Village Vanguard in 1977 and released on the Contemporary label.

'' (Contemporary, 1977) – live * '' Friday Night at the Village Vanguard'' (Contemporary, 1977) – live * '' Saturday Night at the Village Vanguard'' (Contemporary, 1977) – live * '' More for Les at the Village Vanguard'' (Contemporary, 1977) – live * ''Live in Japan, Vol. 1: Ophelia'' (Storyville, 1978) * ''Live in Japan, Vol. 2'' (Storyville, 1978) * '' Among Friends'' ( Interplay, 1978) * '' Art Pepper Today'' (Galaxy, 1978) * ''

Landscape A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms, and how they integrate with natural or man-made features, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.''New Oxford American Dictionary''. A landscape includes the ...

'' (Galaxy, 1979) – live * '' Besame Mucho'' (Galaxy, 1979) – live * '' Straight Life'' (Galaxy, 1979) * '' So in Love'' (

Artists House Artists House was a jazz and blues record company and label established in 1977 by John Snyder. History The label released music by artists that label founder John Snyder had worked with while running the Horizon subsidiary of A&M Records, includ ...

, 1980) – recorded in 1979 * '' One September Afternoon'' (Galaxy, 1980) * '' Winter Moon'' with Howard Roberts (Galaxy, 1981) – recorded in 1980 * '' Roadgame'' (Galaxy, 1982) – live recorded in 1981 * '' Goin' Home'' with George Cables (Galaxy, 1982) * ''Darn That Dream'' (Real Time, 1982) * '' Art Lives'' (Galaxy, 1983) – live recorded in 1981 * '' Tête-à-Tête'' with George Cables (Galaxy, 1983) – recorded in 1982 * ''

Artworks A work of art, artwork, art piece, piece of art or art object is an artistic creation of aesthetic value. Except for "work of art", which may be used of any work regarded as art in its widest sense, including works from literatur ...

'' (Galaxy, 1984) – recorded in 1979 * '' APQ'' (Galaxy, 1984) – live recorded in 1981 * '' New York Album'' (Galaxy, 1985) – recorded in 1979 * ''

Stardust Stardust may refer to: * A type of cosmic dust, composed of particles in space Entertainment Songs * “Stardust” (1927 song), by Hoagy Carmichael * “Stardust” (David Essex song), 1974 * “Stardust” (Lena Meyer-Landrut song), 2012 * ...

'' (Victor (Japan), 1985) – recorded in 1979 * ''

'' ( Contemporary, 1986) – recorded in 1956. reissued tracks from ''The Way It Was!'' (1972). * ''Tokyo Encore'' ( Dreyfus, 1991) – live recorded in 1979 * '' Arthur's Blues'' (Galaxy, 1991) – live recorded in 1981 * ''Art in L.A.'' (WestWind, 1991) CD– recorded in 1957-60 * ''Live in Japan: The Summer Knows'' (Absord (Japan), 1994) – live * '' Art 'n' Zoot'' with

Zoot Sims John Haley "Zoot" Sims (October 29, 1925 – March 23, 1985) was an American jazz saxophonist, playing mainly tenor but also alto (and, later, soprano) saxophone. He first gained attention in the "Four Brothers" sax section of Woody Herman's big ...

(Pablo, 1995) – live recorded in 1981 * '' Art Pepper with Duke Jordan in Copenhagen 1981'' with Duke Jordan (Galaxy, 1996) – live recorded in 1981 * ''

San Francisco Samba ''San Francisco Samba'' (subtitled ''Live at Keystone Korner'') is a live album by saxophonist Art Pepper, recorded at the Keystone Korner in 1977 and released on the Contemporary Records, Contemporary label in 1997.Chet Baker Chesney Henry "Chet" Baker Jr. (December 23, 1929 – May 13, 1988) was an American jazz trumpeter and vocalist. He is known for major innovations in cool jazz that led him to be nicknamed the "Prince of Cool". Baker earned much attention and ...

* '' The Route'' with Richie Kamuca (Pacific Jazz, 1956) * ''

Chet Baker Big Band ''Chet Baker Big Band'' is an album by jazz trumpeter Chet Baker recorded in 1956 and released on the Pacific Jazz label.Toni Harper Toni Harper (born June 8, 1937 in Los Angeles, California), also known as Toni Dunlap, is an American former child singer who retired from performing at the age of 29. After learning dance under Maceo Anderson, Harper was cast by the choreograp ...

* ''Lady Lonely'' (RCA, 1959) * ''Night Mood'' (RCA, 1960) With Stan Kenton * '' Stan Kenton's Milestones'' (Capitol, 1950) – recorded in 1943–47 * '' Stan Kenton Classics'' (Capitol, 1952) – recorded in 1944–47 * '' Encores'' (Capitol, 1947) * '' A Presentation of Progressive Jazz'' (Capitol, 1947) * ''

Innovations in Modern Music ''Innovations in Modern Music'' is an album by pianist and bandleader Stan Kenton with his "Innovations" Orchestra featuring performances recorded in 1950 and originally released on the Capitol label.Vosbein, PStan Kenton Discographyaccessed Apr ...

'' (Capitol, 1950) * '' Stan Kenton Presents'' (Capitol, 1950) * ''

Popular Favorites by Stan Kenton ''Popular Favorites by Stan Kenton'' is a compilation album by pianist and bandleader Stan Kenton featuring performances recorded between 1951 and 1953 and originally released as a 10-inch LP and 45 rpm EP on Capitol before being reissued as a 12 ...

'' (Capitol, 1953) * ''

This Modern World ''This Modern World'' is a weekly satirical comic strip by cartoonist and political commentator Tom Tomorrow (real name Dan Perkins) that covers current events from a left-wing point of view. Published continuously for more than 30 years, ''This ...

'' (Capitol, 1953) * '' The Kenton Era'' ( Capitol, 1955) – recorded in 1940–54 * '' The Innovations Orchestra'' (Capitol, 1997) – recorded in 1950–51 With Milcho Leviev * ''Blues for the Fisherman'' (Mole, 1980) – live * ''True Blues'' (Mole, 1980) – live With Shorty Rogers * '' Modern Sounds'' (Capitol, 1952) 0"– recorded in 1951 * '' Shorty Rogers and His Giants'' (RCA Victor, 1953) 0"* '' Cool and Crazy'' (RCA Victor, 1953) 0"* '' The Swingin' Nutcracker'' (RCA Victor, 1960) * '' Popo'' (Xanadu, 1980) – recorded in 1951 With others * Jesse Belvin, ''Mr. Easy'' (RCA, 1960) – recorded in 1959 * Hoagy Carmichael, '' Hoagy Sings Carmichael'' (Pacific Jazz, 1957) – recorded in 1956 *

Dolo Coker Charles Mitchell "Dolo" Coker (November 16, 1927 – April 13, 1983) was a jazz pianist and composer who recorded four albums for Xanadu Records and extensively as a sideman, for artists like Sonny Stitt, Gene Ammons, Lou Donaldson, Art Pepper, ...

, ''

California Hard ''California Hard'' is a jazz album by pianist and composer Dolo Coker, recorded in 1976. Two of the six pieces were written by Coker. The album was reissued as a CD in 1994, with one bonus track (a solo piano version of "Round Midnight"). Rece ...

'' with Blue Mitchell (Xanadu, 1977) – recorded in 1976 * Richie Cole, ''Return to Alto Acres'' ( Palo Alto, 1982) * Conte Candoli, '' Mucho Calor'' with Bill Perkins, Russ Freeman, Ben Tucker, Chuck Flores,

Jack Costanzo Jack Costanzo (September 24, 1919 – August 18, 2018) was an American percussionist. Biography A composer, conductor and drummer, Costanzo is best known for having been a bongo player, and was nicknamed "Mr. Bongo". He visited Havana three ...

and Mike Pacheko (Andex/VSOP, 1957) *

Herb Ellis Mitchell Herbert Ellis (August 4, 1921 – March 28, 2010), known professionally as Herb Ellis, was an American jazz guitarist. During the 1950s, he was in a trio with pianist Oscar Peterson. Biography Born in Farmersville, Texas, and raised ...

and Jimmy Giuffre, '' Herb Ellis Meets Jimmy Giuffre'' (Verve, 1959) *

Art Farmer Arthur Stewart Farmer (August 21, 1928 – October 4, 1999) was an American jazz trumpeter and flugelhorn player. He also played flumpet, a trumpet–flugelhorn combination especially designed for him. He and his identical twin brother, doub ...

, ''

On the Road ''On the Road'' is a 1957 novel by American writer Jack Kerouac, based on the travels of Kerouac and his friends across the United States. It is considered a defining work of the postwar Beat and Counterculture generations, with its protagonis ...

'' (Contemporary, 1976) * Jerry Fielding, '' The Gauntlet'' (Warner Bros., 1978) – Soundtrack recorded in 1977 * Johnny Griffin, '' Birds and Ballads'' (Galaxy, 1978) *

Freddie Hubbard Frederick Dewayne Hubbard (April 7, 1938 – December 29, 2008) was an American jazz trumpeter. He played bebop, hard bop, and post-bop styles from the early 1960s onwards. His unmistakable and influential tone contributed to new perspectives ...

, '' Mistral'' (East World, 1981) – recorded in 1980 * Elvin Jones, '' Very R.A.R.E.'' (Trio (Japan), 1980) – recorded in 1979 *

Barney Kessel Barney Kessel (October 17, 1923 – May 6, 2004) was an American jazz guitarist born in Muskogee, Oklahoma. Known in particular for his knowledge of chords and inversions and chord-based melodies, he was a member of many prominent jazz groups a ...

, ''

Some Like It Hot ''Some Like It Hot'' is a 1959 American crime comedy film directed, produced and co-written by Billy Wilder. It stars Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon, with George Raft, Pat O'Brien, Joe E. Brown, Joan Shawlee, Grace Lee Whitne ...

'' (Contemporary, 1959) * Shelly Manne, '' The West Coast Sound'' (Contemporary, 1956) – recorded in 1953-55 *

Jack Nitzsche Bernard Alfred "Jack" Nitzsche ( '; April 22, 1937 – August 25, 2000) was an American musician, arranger, songwriter, composer, and record producer. He first came to prominence in the early 1960s as the right-hand-man of producer Phil Spe ...

, '' Heart Beat'' (Capitol, 1980) – Soundtrack * Anita O'Day, '' Cool Heat'' (Verve, 1959) * Marty Paich, ''The Marty Paich Quartet featuring Art Pepper'' (Tampa/VSOP, 1956) *

André Previn André George Previn (; born Andreas Ludwig Priwin; April 6, 1929 – February 28, 2019) was a German-American pianist, composer, and conductor. His career had three major genres: Hollywood films, jazz, and classical music. In each he achieved ...

, '' The Subterraneans'' (MGM, 1960) – soundtrack * Buddy Rich Big Band, ''Mercy, Mercy'' (Pacific Jazz, 1968) – live

Transcriptions

Published transcriptions: * ''Jazz Styles and Analysis: Alto Sax'' by Harry Miedema. Chicago, Fifth Printing, February 1979. Includes ''Broadway''. * '' Straight Life: the Story of Art Pepper'' by Art Pepper and Laurie Pepper. New York and London, 1979. . Includes the head of ''Straight Life''. * ''Jazz 2: Sax Alto''. Transcribed by John Robert Brown. International Music Publications, Woodford Green, Essex, 1986. . Includes Round Midnight''. * ''The Genius of Art Pepper''. Foreword by Laurie Pepper. North Sydney, Warner/Chappell Music, 1987. . Includes: ''Arthur's Blues''; ''Blues for Blanche''; ''Funny Blues''; ''Landscape''; ''Make a List Make a Wish''; ''Mambo de la Pinta''; ''Mambo Koyama''; Mr ''Big Falls his J.G. Hand''; ''Our Song''; ''Road Game''; ''September Song''; ''Tete a Tete''. All transcriptions include parts for Alto and Rhythm; ''Funny Blues'' also has a part for Trumpet. * ''Masters of the Alto Saxophone Play The Blues. Jazz Alto Solos.'' Transcribed by Trent Kynaston and Jonathan Ball. Corybant Productions, 1990. Includes ''True Blues''. * ''The Art Pepper Collection''. Foreword by Jeff Sultanof. Milwaukee, Hal Leonard, 1995. . Includes: ''Art's Oregano''; ''Diane''; ''Landscape''; ''Las Cuevas de Mario''; ''Make a List (Make a Wish)''; ''Mr. Big Falls his J.G. Hand''; ''Ophelia''; ''Pepper Returns''; ''Sometime''; ''Straight Life''; ''Surf Ride''(I); ''Surf Ride''(II); ''That's Love''; ''The Trip''; ''Waltz Me Blues''. * ''West Coast Jazz Saxophone Solos'' transcribed and edited by Robert A. Luckey, Ph.D. Features 15 recorded solos from 1952 to 1961, including five solos by Art Pepper. Olympia Music Publishing, 1996. . Transcriptions available on the Internet:
Anthropology

Birk's Works

Groovin' High

Red Pepper Blues

The Way You Look Tonight

What Is This Thing Called Love?

You'd Be So Nice To Come Home To

Bibliography

A more extensive bibliography is issued by th
Jazzinstitut Darmstadt
*1956 ''Art Pepper... Tells the Tragic Role Narcotics Played in Blighting His Career and Life'' by John Tynan. ''Downbeat'', September 19, 1956, p. 16. *1957 ''Art Pepper Quartet'' by John Tynan. ''Downbeat'', May 16, 1957, p. 34. *1960 ''Art Pepper: Profile of a Comeback'' by J. McKinney. ''Metronome'', lxxvii, September 1960, p. 26. *1960 ''The Return of Art Pepper'' by John Tynan. ''Downbeat'', xxvii/8, 1960, p. 17. *1960 ''End of the Road'' by John Tynan. ''Downbeat'', xxvii/25, 1960, p. 13. *196
''Art Pepper's not the Same''
by John Tynan. ''Downbeat'', xxxi/22, 1964, p. 18. *1965 ''"Jazz Discographies Unlimited" Presents "Art Pepper". A Complete Discography Compiled by Ernie Edwards, Jr.'' Ernie Edwards Jr. et al. Jazz Discographies Unlimited, Spotlight Series, Vol. 4. Oct . 1965. 22pp. *1973 ''Art Pepper: 'I'm Here to Stay! by C. Marra. ''Downbeat'', xl/4, 1973, p. 16. *1975 ''Pepper's Painful Road to Pure Art'' by L. Underwood. ''Downbeat'', xlii/11, 1975, p. 16. *1979 '' Straight Life: the Story of Art Pepper'' by Art Pepper and Laurie Pepper. New York and London, 1979. . Includes a discography. *1979 ''Art Pepper: Rewards of the Straight Life'' by P. Welding. ''Downbeat'', xlvi/18, 1979, p. 16. *1979 ''The Contemporary Art of Pepper'' by Chris Sheridan. ''Jazz Journal International'', Vol. 32, No. 9, September 1979, p. 9. *197
''The evolution of an individualist''
Interview with Les Tomkins. *1980 ''Art Pepper''. ''Swing Journal'', xxxiv/1, 1980, p. 162. *198

Interview with Les Tomkins. *198

Interview with Les Tomkins. *198
New Fields Still to Conquer
Interview with Les Tomkins. *1981 ''The Whiteness of the Wail'' by Gary Giddins, in ''Riding on a Blue Note''. New York, O.U.P., 1981, pp. 252–257. (An article originally published in July 1977.) *1986 ''Art Pepper: I Want to Play so Bad'' by David Nicholson Pepperell. ''Wire Magazine'', Issue 28, June 1986, pp. 26–31. *1986 ''Art Pepper, 1926-1982'' by Gary Giddins, in ''Rhythm-a-ning: Jazz Tradition and Innovation in the 80s''. New York, O.U.P., 1986, pp. 106–108. (An article originally published in June 1982.) *1992 ''Straight Life'' by Ted Gioia, in ''West Coast Jazz: Modern Jazz in California, 1945-1960''. New York and Oxford, O.U.P., 1992, pp. 283–307 (Chapter Fourteen). . *2000 ''The Art Pepper Companion: Writings on a Jazz Original'' by Todd Selbert. Cooper Square Press, 2000. . *2014
ART: Why I Stuck with a Junkie Jazzman" by Laurie Pepper
Arthur Pepper Music Corporation *2014
The Tale of the Tape by Lili Anolik
Harper's Magazine

References

External links

*

The Art Pepper Discography Project

NPR Interview With Laurie Pepper
*

Allmusic AllMusic (previously known as All Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Music ...

Robert Pinsky's poem "The Hearts" (1990) contains a reference to Art Pepper and ''Straight Life''

10 Great Albums From the Alto Saxophone Legend
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pepper, Art Cool jazz saxophonists Jazz alto saxophonists West Coast jazz saxophonists Mainstream jazz saxophonists Bebop saxophonists Post-bop saxophonists Hard bop saxophonists American jazz alto saxophonists American male saxophonists Jazz musicians from California 1925 births 1982 deaths People from Echo Park, Los Angeles People from Gardena, California People from San Pedro, Los Angeles Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery American people of Italian descent Savoy Records artists Galaxy Records artists Xanadu Records artists Contemporary Records artists Fantasy Records artists 20th-century American saxophonists 20th-century American male musicians American male jazz musicians Earle Spencer Orchestra members Discovery Records artists