Arnay-le-Duc () is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the Côte-d'Or department in the

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (; , sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: ''Borgogne-Franche-Comtât'') is a region in Eastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region ...

region of eastern

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Arnétois'' or ''Arnétoises''

Geography

Arnay-le-Duc is located some 25 km north-west of

Beaune Beaune () is the wine capital of Burgundy in the Côte d'Or department in eastern France. It is located between Lyon and Dijon. Beaune is one of the key wine centers in France, and the center of Burgundy wine production and business. The annua ...

and some 35 km south-east of

Saulieu Saulieu () is a rural commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. Its 2,413 inhabitants (in 2017) call themselves Sédélociens. Capital of the Morvan, situated within the Morvan Regional Na ...

. Access to the commune is by the D906 road from Lacanche in the south-east passing through the town and continuing north-west. The D981 comes from the end of the A38 autoroute in the north-east and passes through the town continuing to the south-west where it becomes National Highway N81. These two roads were originally

Gallo-Roman Gallo-Roman culture was a consequence of the Romanization of Gauls under the rule of the Roman Empire. It was characterized by the Gaulish adoption or adaptation of Roman culture, language, morals and way of life in a uniquely Gaulish context ...

roads linking

Autun Autun () is a subprefecture of the Saône-et-Loire department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of central-eastern France. It was founded during the Principate era of the early Roman Empire by Emperor Augustus as Augustodunum to give a Ro ...

and Alesia, then in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

linking the Rhone corridor to fairs in Champagne. The D17 comes from

Marcheseuil Marcheseuil () is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. Population See also *Communes of the Côte-d'Or department The following is a list of the 698 communes of the Côte-d'Or department of France. The communes coop ...

in the west passing through the town and continuing to

Bligny-sur-Ouche Bligny-sur-Ouche (, literally ''Bligny on Ouche'') is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. History The history of Bligny is ancient. Its church is an interesting monument to visit (constructed within an old medieval ca ...

in the east. The D117A goes north from the town to Allerey. The D36 branches off the D981 south of the town and goes to Maligny. Apart from the town there is the hamlet of Chassenay in the south-west of the commune. Apart from the town and two large forests in the north-east, the commune is all farmland.Google Maps
/ref> The Arroux river passes through the town from west to east forming part of the western border of the commune and gathering several tributaries rising in the commune. The Arroux eventually joins the

Loire The Loire (, also ; ; oc, Léger, ; la, Liger) is the longest river in France and the 171st longest in the world. With a length of , it drains , more than a fifth of France's land, while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône ...

Digoin Digoin () is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. The junction of the '' Canal du Centre'' and the '' Canal latéral à la Loire'' is near Digoin. Geography The river Bourbinc ...

. The ''Ruisseau de Barive'' forms the eastern border of the commune flowing north to join the Arroux.

Climate

Arnay-le-Duc has a oceanic climate (

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...

''Cfb''). The average annual temperature in Arnay-le-Duc is . The average annual rainfall is with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Arnay-le-Duc was on 24 July 2019; the coldest temperature ever recorded was on 20 December 2009.

History

*Arnay-le-Duc was the location of the worship of the Celtic god ''Abilus'', who was associated with the goddess

Damona In Gallo-Roman religion, Damona was a goddess worshipped in Gaul as the consort of Apollo Borvo and of Apollo Moritasgus. Name The theonym ''Damona'' is a derivative of the Proto-Celtic stem ''*damo-'', meaning 'bull' or 'deer' (cf. Old Irish ...

. *''Battle of Arnay-le-Duc on 27 June 1570: During the

French Wars of Religion The French Wars of Religion is the term which is used in reference to a period of civil war between French Catholics and Protestants, commonly called Huguenots, which lasted from 1562 to 1598. According to estimates, between two and four mi ...

the Catholic armies of ''Artus de Cossé-Brissac'' (Marshal of Cossé) were beaten by the Protestant armies of

Gaspard II de Coligny Gaspard de Coligny (16 February 1519 – 24 August 1572), Seigneur de Châtillon, was a French nobleman, Admiral of France, and Huguenot leader during the French Wars of Religion. He served under kings Francis I and Henry II during the It ...

. This was the first military engagement of Henry of Navarre, the future

Henri IV Henry IV (french: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarc ...

. Jean de La Taille was wounded. *The arrest of the fleeing aunts of King

Louis XVI Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. He was referred to as ''Citizen Louis Capet'' during the four months just before he was ...

occurred here in February to March 1791. *During the revolutionary period of the

National Convention The National Convention (french: link=no, Convention nationale) was the parliament of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for the rest of its existence during the French Revolution, following the two-year Nationa ...

(1792-1795), the town took the name of ''Arnay-sur-Arroux''. It was the capital of the district of Arnay-sur-Arroux from 1790 to 1795. *On 3 December 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War, a military engagement took place here.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Twinning

Arnay-le-Duc has twinning associations with: *

Wörrstadt Wörrstadt is a town in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Geography Location The town lies in Rhenish Hesse on the northwest edge of the Upper Rhine Plain. It is the seat of the like-named ''Verbandsgemeinde''. Wör ...

(Germany).

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 1,425 inhabitants.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments: *A House at Place Carnot (16th century) *The Maugars House at Rue du Collège (16th century) *A House at 24 Rue Saint-Honoré (16th century) *The Hospice of Saint-Pierre at Rue Saint-Jacques (1686). The Hospice contains several items that are registered as historical objects: **A Soup Turreen (18th century) **Many Plates and Dishes (16th-18th century) **A Mortar bowl (1595) **7 Pharmacy pots (18th century) **A Sideboard (18th century) **A Painting: Virgin and child (15th century) *The Hospital of Saint-Pierre at Rue Saint-Jacques (1692)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée The Hospital contains a very large number of items that are registered as historical objects. *The Tower of Motte-Forte (14th century) *The Château of the Princes de Condé (1550) ;The Chateau of the Princes of Condé Picture Gallery Image:Arnay-le-duc - Chateau Princes de Conde 1.jpg, Château of Arnay-le-Duc called "Former château of the Princes of Condé" File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-château Condé-02.JPG, Front View File:Arnay-le-duc - Chateau Princes de Conde 6.jpg, The walls File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-château Condé-01.JPG, Signs File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-château Condé-03.JPG File:Arnay-le-duc - Chateau Princes de Conde 4.jpg ;Other sights File:Arnay-le-duc - Motte forte 2.jpg, Tour de la motte forte File:Arnay-le-duc - Motte forte 1.jpg, Tour de la motte forte File:Arnay-le-duc - Hotel de ville04.jpg, The Town Hall (former Ursuline convent) File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-mairie.JPG, The Town Hall File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-porche.JPG, A porch in the Town Hall Square File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-office tourisme.JPG, The Maison Bougogne now the Tourist Office File:Arnay-le-duc - Maison Bourgogne.jpg, The Maison Bougogne File:Arnay-le-duc - Maison Bourgogne 2.jpg, Windows on the Maison Bourgogne File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-château d'eau-01.JPG, The water tower File:Arnay-le-Duc-FR-21-commerce.JPG, Shops File:Chassenay FR (march 2007).jpg, Chassenay Hamlet

Religious heritage

The commune has two religious buildings that are registered as historical monuments: *The former Capuchin Convent (1776) The Convent, which is now the local hospital, contains four Paintings (16th-19th century) which are registered as historical objects. *The former Priory of the Order of Saint-Benedict (15th century) is outside the walls in the Saint-Jacques district. *The Church of Saint-Laurent was originally created as a fortified chapel for the Château de la Motte-Forte. In 1092 the chapel was donated to the town by the nobleman Gérard d'Arnay and from that time on served as the town's church. The church has particularly attractive stained glass windows. The church as it is known today was created during the 15th (

nave The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...

) and 16th century (

chancel In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may terminate in an apse. Ov ...

and ten chapels). The loft and steeple were added during the 18th century. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects: **Statues (16th century) **A Group Sculpture: Virgin of Pity (16th century) **6 Candlesticks and an Altar Cross (1860) **Paintings (15th-17th century) **The War Memorial (1924) **Monumental Paintings (19th century) **The Furniture in the Church *The Convent of the

Ursulines The Ursulines, also known as the Order of Saint Ursula (post-nominals: OSU), is an enclosed religious order of consecrated women that branched off from the Angelines, also known as the Company of Saint Ursula, in 1572. Like the Angelines, they ...

of Arnay-le-Duc was sold as national property on 7 December 1793 (17 Frimaire Year II) and is currently the Town Hall. ;The Church of Saint-Laurent Picture Gallery Image:Arnay-le-duc - Eglise Saint-Laurent 1.jpg, The Church File:Arnay-le-duc - Eglise Saint-Laurent 3.jpg, The altar File:Arnay-le-duc - Eglise Saint-Laurent 5.jpg, The nave File:Arnay-le-duc - Eglise Saint-Laurent 2.jpg, View of the altar File:Arnay-le-duc - Eglise Saint-Laurent 6.jpg, The ceiling Image:Arnay st-michel 1.JPG, Saint-Michael in painted wood 16th century Image:Arnay st-michel.JPG, Saint-Michael in painted wood 16th century

Flowery Commune

Arnay-le-Duc has been awarded two flowers by the ''National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom'' in the ''Competition of cities and villages in Bloom''.

Notable people linked to the commune

Bonaventure des Périers Bonaventure ( ; it, Bonaventura ; la, Bonaventura de Balneoregio; 1221 – 15 July 1274), born Giovanni di Fidanza, was an Italian Catholic Franciscan, bishop, Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal, Scholasticism, scholastic theologian ...

, a French storyteller, may have been born in 1510 in Arnay-le-Duc and died there in 1543. *Pierrette-Claudine Quarré d'Aligny de Jully (1727-), a nun in the convent of the

. *Louise Thérèze Quarré d'Aligny de Jully (1729-), a nun in the convent of the Ursulines, sister of Pierette-Claudine.Louis Pierre d'Hozier, ''Arms of France'', Firmin Didot, 1752, vol. IV, p. 361. *Jean Baptiste Fondard, born in Arnay-le-Duc on 31 October 1733 who, after a long career in the royal army, was elected on 3 September 1791 to be Lieutenant Colonel 2nd in command of the 2nd battalion of volunteers Côte-d'Or and died 11 June 1792 in the Battle of La Glisuelle. *

Charles Théveneau de Morande Charles Théveneau de Morande (9 November 1741– 6 July 1805) was a gutter journalist, blackmailer and French spy who lived in London in the 18th century. Bibliography * Hannah Barker, Simon Burrows (ed.), ''Press, Politics and the Public ...

, pamphleteer, spy, controversial French journalist, born 9 November 1741 in Arnay-le-Duc and died there in 1805. *General Baron Claude Testot-Ferry, veteran of the republican, Imperial, and Royal armies, Commander of the

Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...

, born in Arnay-le-Duc on 20 May 1773 and died in

Châtillon-sur-Seine Châtillon-sur-Seine (, ) is a commune of the Côte-d'Or department, eastern France. The Musée du Pays Châtillonnais is housed in old abbey of Notre-Dame de Châtillon, within the town, known for its collection of pre-Roman and Roman relic ...

on 25 August 1856. A commemorative plaque was unveiled on 16 September 2007 at his birthplace (Rue des Trois Turelles) at a meeting organized in his memory by the town and the ''Napoleonic Remembrance'' chaired by Alain Pigeard. *François Auguste Dubois, born in Arnay-le-Duc in 1814 and died in Paris in 1888, MP for Côte-d'Or between 1871 and 1888. *Claude Guyot, born at Chassenay on 28 February 1890, his parents were farmers. He followed a sound education that made him a Bachelor of Arts and Associate of Grammar. A teacher of Latin and Greek at a high school in Dijon, he was promoted to be an Officer of the

for National Education. Married to Jeanne Vollot, daughter of a former mayor of Arnay-le-Duc, he had another link with the commune: his paternal grandfather was Republican mayor of Maligny. At its meeting of 27 December 1926, the municipal council of the city of Arnay-le-Duc elected Claude Guyot as Mayor and he remained until his death on 30 April 1965. Mobilized in 1939 then demobilised in 1940, he was dismissed in 1942 and the city council of Arnay-le-Duc was dissolved by ministerial order published in the Official Journal dated 8 March 1942. On 17 September 1944, Claude Guyot recovered his seat as mayor of Arnay-le-Duc and reappeared in the joy of liberation. During his absence Claude Guyot resisted the call from

General de Gaulle Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government ...

and created, in November 1943, the first Departmental Committee for the Liberation of Côte d'Or which at Liberation earned him the Presidency of the Regional Committee and, in 1947, the Medal of the Resistance. A historian, he has published several books. * Denis Barberet (1714-1770), physician, scientist. *Jules Poillot, MP under the

French Third Republic The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 19 ...

. *Pierre Meunier, deputy mayor of the commune, born in Dijon on 15 August 1908, made a career in public finance and became financial controller of the Ministries of Public Health and of Labour. He made the acquaintance of

Jean Moulin Jean Pierre Moulin (; 20 June 1899 – 8 July 1943) was a French civil servant and French Resistance, resistant who served as the first President of the National Council of the Resistance during World War II from 27 May 1943 until his death less ...

in the cabinet of

Pierre Cot Pierre Jules Cot (20 November 1895, in Grenoble – 21 August 1977, Paris), was a French politician and leading figure in the Popular Front government of the 1930s. Born in Grenoble into a conservative Catholic family, he entered politics as a ...

, the Air Minister in 1936. On 27 May 1943 he was appointed Secretary General of the

National Council of the Resistance The National Council of the Resistance (also, National Resistance Council; in French: ''Conseil National de la Résistance'' (CNR), was the body that directed and coordinated the different movements of the French Resistance: the press, trade uni ...

(CNR) chaired by Jean Moulin. After the arrest of Jean Moulin he continued the clandestine struggle alongside Georges Bidault who chaired the CNR. In 1945-46 Pierre Meunier Chief of Staff for

Maurice Thorez Maurice Thorez (; 28 April 1900 – 11 July 1964) was a French politician and longtime leader of the French Communist Party (PCF) from 1930 until his death. He also served as Deputy Prime Minister of France from 1946 to 1947. Pre-War Thorez, ...

, Minister of State in charge of public functions. In this capacity he developed the status of civil servants. Pierre Meunier filled many elective mandates: Member of the Consultative Assembly, he was elected General Counsel for Arnay-le-Duc in 1945, MP for Côte-d'Or from 1946 to 1958, vice-president of the National Assembly, regional adviser on Burgundy from 1976 to 1979. He was mayor of Arnay-le-Duc from 1971 to 1983. *Jean Nasica, born in Prato in Corsica, the son of a soldier. He became a doctor and arrived by mistake in Arnay-le-Duc, where he settled as a general practitioner. In 1939 war broke out but Nasica, nicknamed "The Doc", continued to be the "doctor of the poor" but he incited hatred towards the German invaders. Later the Germans and

Vichy Regime Vichy France (french: Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was the fascist French state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II. Officially independent, but with half of its ter ...

became interested in him and he participated in the creation of the maquis Rene Laforge. He eventually died during a shootout between resistance and German soldiers. Many monuments are dedicated to him. In 2008, a fictional documentary was made. It was the culmination of two years of work between students of the Pierre Meunier school and the Claude Guyot College. *Albert Albrier, (1845-1878), writer. *Tristan Maya, (1926-2000), writer, poet, literary critic, novelist, member of the Academy of Morvan. *François Deroye (1884-1914), aviator *Paul Lacoste (1920-1995), surgeon, professor of anatomy, and painter.

Television

The town was the setting of the television show ''Coup de foudre au prochain village'' (Thunderbolt in the next village) broadcast on TF1 in February 2013.

Bibliography

*Adkins, Lesley & Adkins, Roy A. (1996). ''Dictionary of Roman Religion''. Facts on File, inc. . *Albert Albrier, ''The Mayors of Arnay-le-Duc'', J.-E. Rabutot, Dijon, 1868, 2nd edition by Tristan Maya, 1985 *Ignacio Catalan, "Luna Lunera, of Arnay-le-Duc at Beaune, un parcours de jeunesse". *Pierre Creusvaux. ''Roman Ways in Arnay Country''. Les Amis du Pays d'Arnay, 2004. *Didier Godard, ''The Châteaux of the Canton of Arnay-le-Duc'', Editions d'Arnay, 37 rue César Lavirotte, 21230 Arnay-le-Duc, 2009. *Didier Godard, ''Historical Guide to Arnay-le-Duc'' (éd. d'Arnay, 2009) *Didier Godard, ''The Cemetery at Arnay'' (éd. d'Arnay, 2009). *Didier Godard, ''The clog maker of Arnay'', Editions d'Arnay, 2010. *Didier Godard, ''The Lady's Way. Adelaide and Victoria of Versailles at Trieste by Arnay-le-Duc'', Editions d'Arnay, 2012 *J.P.C. Lavirotte, ''Annals of the town of Arnay-le-Duc in Burgundy''. Preface by Jean Richard. Laffitte Reprints, 1980. *Bernard Leblanc. ''Arnay-le-Duc and its canton through old postcards''. Préface de Pierre Meunier. Les Amis du Pays d'Arnay, 1980. *Bernard Leblanc. ''Churches and Chapels. Saints in the canton of Arnay-le-Duc''. Les Amis du Pays d'Arnay, 2008. *Jean Prudhon, ''The protestants of Arnay-le-Duc from its origins to the Edict of Nantes'', Editions d'Arnay, 2012. *Denis Roche. ''Arnay-le-Duc in torment 1939-1945''. Chez l'auteur, 2011.

References

External links

Arnay-le-Duc official website

Arnay-le-Duc on the National Geographic Institute website

Claude Guyot association website

Arnay-le-Duc on Géoportail
National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
''Arnay-le-Duc'' on the 1750 Cassini Map
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arnayleduc Communes of Côte-d'Or Burgundy