Arlo U. Landolt
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Arlo Udell Landolt (September 29, 1935 – January 21, 2022) was an American
astronomer An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, g ...
known for his widely used photometric standards.


Life and career


Early life

Landolt was born in
Highland, Illinois Highland is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States. The population was 9,991 at the 2020 census. Highland began as a Swiss settlement and derived its name from later German immigrants. Highland is a sister city of Sursee in Switzerlan ...
to farmers Arlo M. Landolt and Vesta Kraus Landolt Interview of Arlo Landolt by David DeVorkin on 1996 October 31, Niels Bohr Library & Archives, American Institute of Physics, College Park, MD USA
www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/5922
/ref> on September 29, 1935. He was the oldest of 4 (one brother, 2 sisters) Darnell M., Faye Beth, Sheryl Sue. He attended a one-room country grade school called IXL Country Grade School. He graduated grade school in 7 of 8 years because they accelerated his education. All of Landolt's relatives, like his parents, were farmers. After finishing grade school, he was the first of his family to go the high school. While in high school he took all the classes for agriculture. It was not until later on that Landolt showed interest in mathematics, physics, and the sciences. He was involved in 4H clubs and projects. He would base his projects on the hogs on their farm but would try to use the purebred over the crossed and mixed breeds that his father would raise. He would sell the hogs to get a Funk and Wagnall’s Encyclopedia set. He graduated from Highland High School in 1952.


Education

After graduating, he wanted to attend
M.I.T The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern t ...
, but his family could not afford it. He instead attended
Miami University Miami University (informally Miami of Ohio or simply Miami) is a public research university in Oxford, Ohio. The university was founded in 1809, making it the second-oldest university in Ohio (behind Ohio University, founded in 1804) and the 10 ...
in
Oxford, Ohio Oxford is a city in Butler County, Ohio, United States. The population was 23,035 at the 2020 census. A college town, Oxford was founded as a home for Miami University and lies in the southwestern portion of the state approximately northwest ...
for his undergraduate studies. He planned to transfer to M.I.T after his 3rd year in a program offered by the university, but decided to complete his schooling there. In order to attend the university he had a job as a busboy and washing dishes in the dorms as well as some help from his parents for tuition. Early on, he took a course on astronomy which he credits to be the start of his interest in that science. He wanted to push through college so he attended for 3 years and 2 summers. He obtained his Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics and physics from Miami University in 1955. He began his graduate studies at age 19 at Indiana University in 1955. He attended for almost 7 years, 5 years being on campus and nearly 2 years being in the Antarctic after signing up for an expedition with the
International Geophysical Year The International Geophysical Year (IGY; french: Année géophysique internationale) was an international scientific project that lasted from 1 July 1957 to 31 December 1958. It marked the end of a long period during the Cold War when scientific ...
. The expedition was offered through the
Arctic Institute of North America The Arctic Institute of North America is a multi-disciplinary research institute and educational organization located in the University of Calgary. It is mandated to study the North American and circumpolar Arctic in the areas of natural science, ...
. He was stationed at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station with a group lead by
Paul Siple Paul Allman Siple (December 18, 1908 – November 25, 1968) was an American Antarctic explorer and geographer who took part in six Antarctic expeditions, including the two Byrd expeditions of 1928–1930 and 1933–1935, representing the Boy Scouts ...
and it consisted of 9 other scientists, 9 Navy Sea-Bees, and a husky dog. He was hired as an aurora and air glow scientist along with the others hired to go on the expedition. He came back from the expedition during Christmas time in 1957. He received his Ph.D. in 1962 from
Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. Campuses Indiana University has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration of IUPUI. *Indiana Universit ...
. Although he finished all requirements for his degree in 1962, he had not received his degree until June 1963 and that is what is officially on the degree.


Research career

After graduating, Landolt served on committees with many organizations and was eventually elected Secretary of the
American Astronomical Society The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the adv ...
. This occurred for 3 terms. He spent one year working for the
National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National I ...
in Washington, D.C. In his later years, he became reacquainted with a high school classmate, Eunice Casper. They got married and he helped raise her 4 daughters ages 6, 7, 8, and 10. They later had a daughter of their own named Jennifer Landolt Boutte. He worked principally in
photometry Photometry can refer to: * Photometry (optics), the science of measurement of visible light in terms of its perceived brightness to human vision * Photometry (astronomy), the measurement of the flux or intensity of an astronomical object's electrom ...
and published a number of widely used lists of standard stars.Arlo U. Landolt
web page at
Louisiana State University Louisiana State University (officially Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, commonly referred to as LSU) is a public land-grant research university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The university was founded in 1860 nea ...
. Accessed on line September 19, 2007.
15072 Landolt (1999 BS12)
web page from the ''JPL Small-Body Database Browser''. Accessed on line September 19, 2007.
Landolt died on January 21, 2022, at the age of 86.


Honors and awards

* 1995:
George van Biesbroeck Prize The George Van Biesbroeck Prize is an award for long-term achievements in the field of astronomy. According to the American Astronomical Society awards website; "The Van Biesbroeck prize is normally awarded every two years and honors a living indi ...
from the
American Astronomical Society The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the adv ...
* 1998: LSU Distinguished Faculty Award from Louisiana State University * 2015: Leslie C. Peltier Award from the
Astronomical League The Astronomical League is an umbrella organization of amateur astronomy societies. Currently their membership consists of over 280 organizations across the United States, along with a number of Members-at-Large, Patrons, and Supporting members. ...
* 2020: Legacy Fellow of the American Astronomical Society * 2021: The William Tyler Olcott Distinguished Service Award from the
American Association of Variable Star Observers The American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) is an international nonprofit organization, founded in 1911, focused on coordinating, analyzing, publishing, and archiving variable star observations made largely by amateur astronomers. ...
Mount Landolt in
Ellsworth Land Ellsworth Land is a portion of the Antarctic continent bounded on the west by Marie Byrd Land, on the north by Bellingshausen Sea, on the northeast by the base of Antarctic Peninsula, and on the east by the western margin of the Filchner–Ron ...
, Antarctica is named in his honor, as well as the Landolt Astronomical Observatory at Louisiana State University and the asteroid 15072 Landolt.


References


External links

* Arlo U. Landolt pages at
Louisiana State University Louisiana State University (officially Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, commonly referred to as LSU) is a public land-grant research university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The university was founded in 1860 nea ...


1935 births 2022 deaths 20th-century American astronomers Fellows of the American Astronomical Society Academics from Illinois People from Highland, Illinois Indiana University alumni {{US-astronomer-stub