Arimardanna Pura ( my, အရိမဒ္ဒနာပူရ, ; ''Arimardanapur,'' ) is the most famous classical name of the city of

Bagan Bagan (, ; formerly Pagan) is an ancient city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar. From the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the capital of the Bagan Kingdom, the first kingdom that unified the regions that wou ...

(Pagan),

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

. It means the "City that Tramples on Enemies."Lieberman 2003: 91 The

Burmese chronicles The royal chronicles of Myanmar ( my, မြန်မာ ရာဇဝင် ကျမ်းများ ; also known as Burmese chronicles) are detailed and continuous chronicles of the monarchy of Myanmar (Burma). The chronicles were written o ...

do not agree on the foundation facts. The 16th century chronicle ''

Yazawin Kyaw ''Maha Thanmada Wuntha'' ( my, မဟာသမ္မတဝံသ, ; pi, Mahā Sammata Vaṃsa) or more commonly known as ''Yazawin Kyaw'' ( my, ရာဇဝင် ကျော်, ; the Celebrated Chronicle) is an early 16th-century chronicle of ...

'' states that it was founded in 156 CE by King

Pyusawhti Pyusawhti ( my, ပျူစောထီး , ; also Pyuminhti, ) was a legendary king of Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar), who according to the Burmese chronicles supposedly reigned from 167 to 242 CE. The chronicles down to the 18th century ha ...

.Yazawin Kyaw 2010: 139 The oldest chronicle ''

Zatadawbon Yazawin ''Zatadawbon Yazawin'' ( my, ဇာတာတော်ပုံ ရာဇဝင်, ; also spelled ''Zatatawpon''; ) is the earliest extant chronicle of Burma. The chronicle mainly covers the regnal dates of kings as well as horoscopes of select ...

'' says it was founded in 190 CE (Sunday, 15th waxing of Tagu 112 of Early Pyu calendar) by King

.Zata 1960: 53 However, later standard chronicles of Toungoo and Konbaung dynasties, ''

Maha Yazawin The ''Maha Yazawin'', fully the ''Maha Yazawindawgyi'' ( my, မဟာ ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး, ) and formerly romanized as the ,. is the first national chronicle of Burma/Myanmar. Completed in 1724 by U Kala, a historian at ...

'' and ''

Hmannan Yazawin ''Hmannan Maha Yazawindawgyi'' ( my, မှန်နန်း မဟာ ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး, ; commonly, ''Hmannan Yazawin''; known in English as the '' Glass Palace Chronicle'') is the first official chronicle of Konbaung ...

'' respectively, state that the city was founded in 107 CE by King

Thamoddarit Thamoddarit ( my, သမုဒ္ဒရာဇ် ; pi, Samuddarāja; 76 – 152) was the legendary founder of Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar), who supposedly reigned from 107 to 152 CE. He was proclaimed as the founder of Pagan for the first ...

, a scion of Sri Ksetra Kingdom.(Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 132–133) and (Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 187–188) The chronicles continue that King Thinli Kyaung I (r. 344–387) moved the palace to nearby

Thiri Pyissaya Thiri Pyissaya ( my, သီရိပစ္စယာ, ; also spelled Siripaccaya, Sanskrit: श्रीप्रत्यय ''Śripratyaya'' ) is a classical name of the city of Bagan, Myanmar. According to the ''Hmannan Yazawin'' chronicle, King ...

.Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 139–141 However, evidence indicates that the earliest human settlement in the Pagan region dates only from the mid-7th century CE.Aung-Thwin 2005: 185 Therefore, ''Zata's'' foundation date is probably based on the

Burmese calendar The Burmese calendar ( my, မြန်မာသက္ကရာဇ်, , or , ; Burmese Era (BE) or Myanmar Era (ME)) is a lunisolar calendar in which the months are based on lunar months and years are based on sidereal years. The calendar is ...

, and the foundation date would be Sunday, 22 March 750.

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * {{cite book , author=Royal Historical Commission of Burma , author-link=Royal Historical Commission of Burma , title=

, volume=1–3 , year=1829–1832 , location=Yangon , language=Burmese , edition=2003 , publisher=

Ministry of Information, Myanmar The Ministry of Information ( my, ပြန်ကြားရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန) in Myanmar informs the public about government policy plans and implementation and supports improvements to knowledge and education of the publi ...

Bagan