surname
In some cultures, a surname, family name, or last name is the portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family, tribe or community.
Practices vary by culture. The family name may be placed at either the start of a person's full name ...
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...
Greenland
Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland ...
,
Denmark
)
, song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast")
, song_type = National and royal anthem
, image_map = EU-Denmark.svg
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark
, establish ...
,
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of ...
,
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic countries, Nordic c ...
,
Finland
Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bot ...
, part of the
Republic of Karelia
The Republic of Karelia (russian: Респу́блика Каре́лия, Respublika Kareliya; ; krl, Karjalan tašavalta; ; fi, Karjalan tasavalta; vep, Karjalan Tazovaldkund, Ludic: ''Kard’alan tazavald''), also known as just Karelia (ru ...
,
Estonia
Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, an ...
,
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to ...
,
Netherlands
)
, anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands
, established_title = Before independence
, established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
,
Suriname
Suriname (; srn, Sranankondre or ), officially the Republic of Suriname ( nl, Republiek Suriname , srn, Ripolik fu Sranan), is a country on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the nor ...
,
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring coun ...
,
Namibia
Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...
, and
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...
Iceland
Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its ...
. It is also the source of the English
personal name
A personal name, or full name, in onomastic terminology also known as prosoponym (from Ancient Greek πρόσωπον / ''prósōpon'' - person, and ὄνομα / ''onoma'' - name), is the set of names by which an individual person is kno ...
''Anthony'', as well as a number of similar names in various European languages.
Antonius is the nomen of the '' gens Antonia'', an important
plebeian
In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary.
Etymology
The precise origins ...
family of
ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom ...
.
Marcus Antonius
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the au ...
claimed that the
gens
In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; plural: ''gentes'' ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a ''stirps'' (plural: ''stirpes''). The ''gen ...
was descended from Anton, a son of
Hercules
Hercules (, ) is the Roman equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, son of Jupiter and the mortal Alcmena. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures.
The Romans adapted the ...
. Women of the family were called ''Antonia''. The Antonii produced a number of important generals and politicians, some of whom are listed below. For other persons with this name, see
Antonia (gens)
The gens Antonia was a Roman family of great antiquity, with both patrician and plebeian branches. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Titus Antonius Merenda, one of the second group of Decemviri called, in 450 BC, to help draft wha ...
.
*
Marcus Antonius
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the au ...
(83–30 BC), ally of
Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, an ...
,
triumvir
A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are ...
and afterwards enemy of
Augustus
Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pr ...
. Probably the most famous of the Antonii, his life is depicted in William Shakespeare's play ''
Antony and Cleopatra
''Antony and Cleopatra'' ( First Folio title: ''The Tragedie of Anthonie, and Cleopatra'') is a tragedy by William Shakespeare. The play was first performed, by the King's Men, at either the Blackfriars Theatre or the Globe Theatre in aroun ...
''. He promulgated the '' leges Antoniae'' of 44 BC, abolishing the office of
dictator
A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. A dictatorship is a state ruled by one dictator or by a small clique. The word originated as the title of a Roman dictator elected by the Roman Senate to rule the republic in time ...
, re-adjusting provincial commands, confirming Caesar's ''acta'', and granting ''provocatio'' to those convicted ''de maiestate'' and ''de vi''.''Oxford Classical Dictionary'', 2nd Ed. (1970).
Other Antonii
*
Marcus Antonius
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the au ...
Marcus Antonius
Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the au ...
, sometimes called ''Antyllus'', Marcus Antonius' eldest son by Fulvia (died 30 BC)
* Iullus Antonius, Marcus Antonius' youngest son by Fulvia (died 2 BC)
*
Antonius Natalis
Antonius Natalis ( AD 65) was an ancient Roman of the equestrian order who took part in the Pisonian conspiracy against Nero. As a conspirator, he provided Gaius Calpurnius Piso with secretive information regarding the emperor. After Flavius Sc ...
, an
equestrian
The word equestrian is a reference to equestrianism, or horseback riding, derived from Latin ' and ', "horse".
Horseback riding (or Riding in British English)
Examples of this are:
*Equestrian sports
*Equestrian order, one of the upper classes in ...
Nero
Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68), was the fifth Roman emperor and final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 un ...
Antonius of Argos
Antonius of Argos ( grc, Ἀντώνιος ὁ Ἀργεῖος) was a poet of ancient Greece. One of his epigrams is still extant in the ''Greek Anthology''.''Greek Anthology
The ''Greek Anthology'' ( la, Anthologia Graeca) is a collection of ...
Antonius Castor Antonius Castor was a pioneering botanist and pharmacologist of ancient Rome who lived in the first century. He is several times quoted and mentioned by Pliny the Elder, who considered him the greatest authority on his subjects.
Life and identity
...
, 1st-century AD Roman botanist
*
Antonius (herbalist) Antonius ( grc, Ἀντώνιος) was a physician of ancient Greece. He was mentioned by the medical writer Galen, and referred to as "the herbalist" (ὁ ῥιζοτόμος). He must have lived in or before the first century (and possibly into th ...
, 1st-century AD Greek-Roman herbalist mentioned by
Galen
Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus ( el, Κλαύδιος Γαληνός; September 129 – c. AD 216), often Anglicized as Galen () or Galen of Pergamon, was a Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire. Considered to be o ...
* Antonius Felix, 1st-century AD Roman Roman procurator of Judea
* Antonius Flamma, 1st-century AD Roman governor of Cyrenaica
* Antonius Musa, 1st-century AD Greek-Roman botanist and physician
*
Antonius Diogenes
Antonius Diogenes ( grc, Ἀντώνιος Διογένης) was the author of an ancient Greek romance entitled ''The Wonders Beyond Thule'' (Τὰ ὑπὲρ Θoύλην ἄπιστα ''Apista huper Thoulen''). Scholars have placed him in the 2n ...
, likely 2nd-century AD Roman novelist
* Antonius (philosopher), 4th-century AD Egyptian
neoplatonist
Neoplatonism is a strand of Platonic philosophy that emerged in the 3rd century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion. The term does not encapsulate a set of ideas as much as a chain of thinkers. But there are some id ...
*
Antonius (monk) Antonius ( grc, Ἀντώνιος) was a Greek monk, and a disciple of the Syriac ascetic saint Simeon Stylites. He lived around the year 460 AD.
Antonius wrote a life of his master Simeon, whom he knew closely. It was written in Greek, and the the ...
* Antonius Agellius (''Antonio Agellio''; 1532–1608), Italian bishop
*
Antonius Andreas Antonius Andreas (c. 1280 in Tauste, Aragon – 1320) was a Spanish Franciscan theologian, a pupil of Duns Scotus.
He was teaching at the University of Lleida
The University of Lleida (officially in Catalan: ''Universitat de Lleida'') is a univ ...
(c.1280–1320), Spanish Franciscan theologian
*
Antonius Augustinus
Antonius is a masculine given name, as well as a surname. Antonius is a Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Latin, Norwegian, and Swedish name used in Greenland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, part of the Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Belgium, Netherlan ...
(Antonio Agustín y Albanell; 1516–1586), Spanish Humanist historian, jurist and archbishop
*
Antonius de Butrio
Antonius de Butrio (1338–1408), also called ''Antonio da Butrio'', was an Italian jurist and a noted teacher of law at Bologna.
He composed numerous commentaries to the Decretals of Gregory IX and the Liber Sextus, which provide a comprehensiv ...
(1338–1408), Italian jurist
* Antonius Divitis (Anthonius de Rijke; c. 1470 – c. 1530), Flemish composer
* Antonius Galli (c.1505–1565), Flemish composer
* Antonius Goveanus (António de Gouveia; c.1505–1566), Portuguese humanist and educator
* Antonius Mancinellus (1452–1505), Italian humanist pedagogue, grammarian, and rhetorician
*
Antonius Melissa Antonius Melissa (c. 11th century), is the name given to a Greek monk who wrote a compilation of moral sentences called ''Loci Communes''.
Nothing is known about Antonius. The surname traditionally applied to him, ''Melissa'' ("the Bee"), seems to ...
Antonius Nebrissensis
Antonio de Nebrija (14445 July 1522) was the most influential Spanish humanist of his era. He wrote poetry, commented on literary works, and encouraged the study of classical languages and literature, but his most important contributions were i ...
(1441–1522), Spanish Renaissance scholar
* Antonius Romanus (fl.1400–1432), Italian composer
*
Antonius Sanderus
Antonius Sanderus (Antwerp, 15 September 1586 – Affligem, 10 January 1664) was a Flemish Catholic cleric and historian.
Biography
Sanderus was born "Antoon Sanders", but like all writers and scholars of his time he Latinized his name. Having b ...
(1586–1664), Flemish Catholic cleric and historian
*
Antonius Maria Schyrleus de Rheita
Anton (or Antonius) Maria Schyrleus (also Schyrl, Schyrle) of Rheita (1604–1660) ( Antonín Maria Šírek z Reity) was an astronomer and optician. He developed several inverting and erecting eyepieces, and was the maker of Kepler's telescope. ...
(1604–1660), Czech or Austrian astronomer and optician
* Antonius Thysius the Elder (1565–1640), Dutch Reformed theologian
* Antonius Walaeus (1573–1639), Dutch Calvinist minister and theologian
Adopted name by Roman Catholic clergy
*
Antonius Subianto Bunjamin
Mgr. Antonius Subianto Bunjamin, OSC (born 14 February 1968) is a Roman Catholic bishop and President of the Bishops' Conference of Indonesia.
Ordained to the priesthood in 1996, Bunjamin was named bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bandu ...
(born 1968), Indonesian bishop
*
Antonius Fischer
Anton Hubert Fischer (Antonius Fischer) (30 May 1840, in Jülich, Rhine Province – 30 July 1912, in Neuenahr) was a Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cologne and Cardinal.
Life
The son of a professor, he was educated at the Friedrich Wilhel ...
(1840–1912), German archbishop
*
Antonius Hilfrich
Antonius Hilfrich (also Anton Hilfrich; 3 October 1873 – 5 February 1947) was a German priest and Roman Catholic Bishop of Limburg, Germany.
Ordained in 1898, in March 1930 he was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Limburg and Titular Bishop of Se ...
Antonius or Anthonius is a common given name in the Netherlands; in daily life, most people with this name use short forms like ''
Antoine
Antoine is a French given name (from the Latin '' Antonius'' meaning 'highly praise-worthy') that is a variant of Danton, Titouan, D'Anton and Antonin.
The name is used in France, Switzerland, Belgium, Canada, West Greenland, Haiti, French Guia ...
Theunis
Theunis is a Dutch masculine given name. Like Teunis, it is a derivative of Anthonius (Anthony). It is considered a diminutive form of Antonius, Anthonius used in Belgium, Netherlands, Suriname, South Africa, Namibia, and Indonesia. Theuns is a ...
'', ''Theuns'', ''Toine'', ''
Ton
Ton is the name of any one of several units of measure. It has a long history and has acquired several meanings and uses.
Mainly it describes units of weight. Confusion can arise because ''ton'' can mean
* the long ton, which is 2,240 pounds
...
Toon
Toon may refer to:
Places
* Tōon, Ehime, a Japanese city in Ehime Prefecture
* Toon, the former name of Ferdows, a city in South Khorasan Province, Iran
* Toon, Somaliland, a town in the Garoodi region
People
* Toon (name), a list of peop ...
Antonius Bouwens
Antonius Hubertus Maria "Antoine" Bouwens (22 May 1876 – 28 March 1963) was a Dutch sport shooter who competed in the early 20th century in pistol shooting. He participated in Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won a bronze med ...
(1876–1963), Dutch sports shooter
*
Antonius van den Broek
Antonius Johannes van den Broek (4 May 1870, Zoetermeer – 25 October 1926, Bilthoven) was a Dutch amateur physicist notable for being the first who realized that the number of an element in the periodic table (now called atomic number) correspond ...
Antonius Jan Glazemaker
Antonius Jan Glazemaker (19 April 1931 – 20 January 2018) served as the twenty-first Old Catholic Archbishop of Utrecht, from 1982 to 2000.
Born on April 19, 1931 to Old Catholic parents, Glazemaker was raised in the Netherlands during a p ...
(born 1931), Dutch Old Catholic archbishop
*
Antonius Goebouw
Anton Goubau or Anton Goebouw (1616 in Antwerp – 1698 in Antwerp) was a Flemish Baroque painter. He spent time in Rome where he moved in the circle of the Bamboccianti, Dutch and Flemish genre painters who created small cabinet paintings of t ...
Antonius Heinsius
Anthonie (or Antonius) Heinsius (23 November 1641, Delft – 3 August 1720, The Hague) was a Dutch statesman who served as Grand Pensionary of Holland from 1689 to his death in 1720.
Life
Heinsius was born at Delft on 23 November 1641, son of ...
Antonius Johannes Jurgens
Antonius Johannes Jurgens, also known as Anton Jurgens (8 February 1867 – 12 March 1945) was a Dutch businessman.
He was born in Oss, the grandson of Joanna Lemmens and of Antoon Jurgens, who founded a butter company in 1867 and, in 1871, the ...
Antonius Mathijsen
Antonius Mathijsen (November 4, 1805 – June 15, 1878) was a Dutch army surgeon who first used plaster of Paris to fixate broken bones in a plaster cast.
Biography
Early life and education
Antonius Mathijsen was born November 4, 1805, to a vill ...
* George Antonius (1891 – 1942), Lebanese-Egyptian author and diplomat
*
Patrik Antonius
}
Patrik Antonius (born 13 December 1980) is a Finnish professional poker player, former tennis player and coach, and model from Vantaa, Finland. He currently resides in Monte Carlo. Antonius was mentored by poker pro Marcel Lüske as a member o ...