Anatole Abragam (15 December 1914 – 8 June 2011) was a French physicist who wrote ''The Principles of Nuclear Magnetism'' and made significant contributions to the field of

nuclear magnetic resonance Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a strong constant magnetic field are perturbed by a weak oscillating magnetic field (in the near field) and respond by producing an electromagnetic signal with a ...

. Originally from

Griva Griva (Serbian Cyrillic: Грива; trans. '' Mane'') was a Serbian and former Yugoslav hard rock band from Novi Sad. Band history 1982—1992 The band was formed in 1982 by former Ibn Tup members, Zlatko Karavla (drums) and Josip Sabo (guita ...

, Courland Governorate,

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

, Abragam and his family emigrated to France in 1925.

Education

After being educated at the

University of Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and a ...

, (1933–1936), he served in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

. After the war, he resumed his studies at the École Supérieure d'Électricité and subsequently obtained his

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

from the

University of Oxford , mottoeng = The Lord is my light , established = , endowment = £6.1 billion (including colleges) (2019) , budget = £2.145 billion (2019–20) , chancellor ...

in 1950 under the supervision of

Maurice Pryce Maurice Henry Lecorney Pryce (24 January 1913 – 24 July 2003) was a British physicist. Pryce was born in Croydon to an Anglo-Welsh father and French mother, and in his teens attended the Royal Grammar School, Guildford. After a few months in ...

Career and research

In 1976, he was made an Honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, Magdalen College, Oxford, and

Jesus College, Oxford Jesus College (in full: Jesus College in the University of Oxford of Queen Elizabeth's Foundation) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. It is in the centre of the city, on a site between Turl Street, Ship S ...

. From 1960 to 1985, he worked as a professor at the

Collège de France The Collège de France (), formerly known as the ''Collège Royal'' or as the ''Collège impérial'' founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment ('' grand établissement'') in France. It is located in Paris n ...

Awards and honors

Abragam won the

Fernand Holweck Medal and Prize The Fernand Holweck Medal and Prize is a major European prize for Physics awarded jointly every year by the British Institute of Physics (IOP) and the Société Française de Physique (SFP). It is one of the four Grand Prix of the SFP and one of ...

in 1958. Abragam was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the

American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, a ...

in 1974. He was awarded the

Lorentz Medal Lorentz Medal is a distinction awarded every four years by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. It was established in 1925 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the doctorate of Hendrik Lorentz. The medal is given for impor ...

in 1982. He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1983.

Publications

* *Abragam A & Bleaney B. ''Electron paramagnetic resonance of transition ions''. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1970.http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics1992/A1992JA16600001.pdf *

References

External links

Anatole Abragam. 15 December 1914 — 8 June 2011
Biographial Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society {{DEFAULTSORT:Abragam, Anatole 1914 births 2011 deaths Scientists from Daugavpils People from Courland Governorate 20th-century Latvian Jews Latvian emigrants to France French physicists Jewish scientists Foreign Members of the Royal Society Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford Members of the French Academy of Sciences Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences Academic staff of the Collège de France University of Paris alumni Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences French Army personnel of World War II Recipients of the Lomonosov Gold Medal Lorentz Medal winners Jewish physicists Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences Recipients of the Matteucci Medal