Alberto Evaristo Ginastera (; April 11, 1916June 25, 1983) was an Argentinian

composer A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and Def ...

classical music Classical music generally refers to the art music of the Western world, considered to be distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions. It is sometimes distinguished as Western classical music, as the term "classical music" al ...

. He is considered to be one of the most important 20th-century classical composers of the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America, North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. ...

Biography

Ginastera was born in

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...

to a Spanish father and an Italian mother. During his later years, he preferred to use the Catalan and Italian pronunciation of his surname – , with an initial soft 'G' like that of English 'George' – rather than with a Spanish 'J' sound (). Ginastera studied at the Williams Conservatory in Buenos Aires, graduating in 1938. As a young professor, he taught at the Liceo Militar General San Martín. After a visit to the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

in 1945–47, where he studied with Aaron Copland at Tanglewood, he returned to Buenos Aires. He held a number of teaching posts. Among his notable students were

Ástor Piazzolla Astor Pantaleón Piazzolla (, ; March 11, 1921 – July 4, 1992) was an Argentine tango composer, bandoneon player, and arranger. His works revolutionized the traditional tango into a new style termed '' nuevo tango'', incorporating elements fr ...

(who studied with him in 1941),

Alcides Lanza Alcides Emigdio Lanza (born 2 June 1929) is a Canadian composer, conductor, pianist, and music educator of Argentinian birth. He became a naturalized Canadian citizen in 1976. As both a composer and performer he is known as an exponent of contem ...

, Jorge Antunes, Waldo de los Ríos, Jacqueline Nova and Rafael Aponte-Ledée. In 1968 Ginastera moved back to the United States, and in 1970 to Europe. He died in

Geneva Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevra ; rm, Genevra is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Situa ...

, Switzerland, at the age of 67 and was buried in the Cimetière des Rois there.

Music

Ginastera grouped his music into three periods: "Objective Nationalism" (1934–1948), "Subjective Nationalism" (1948–1958), and "Neo-Expressionism" (1958–1983). Among other distinguishing features, these periods vary in their use of traditional Argentine musical elements. His Objective Nationalistic works often integrate Argentine folk themes in a straightforward fashion, while works in the later periods incorporate traditional elements in increasingly abstracted forms. Many of Ginastera's works were inspired by the '' Gauchesco'' tradition. This tradition holds that the '' gaucho'', or landless native horseman of the plains, is a symbol of Argentina. His ''Cantata para América Mágica'' (1960), for dramatic soprano and 53 percussion instruments, was based on ancient pre-Columbian legends. Its U.S. West Coast premiere was performed by the Los Angeles Percussion Ensemble under Henri Temianka and William Kraft at UCLA in 1963.

Works

Opera

* ''

Don Rodrigo ''Don Rodrigo'' is an opera in three acts by Alberto Ginastera, the composer's first opera, to an original Spanish libretto by Alejandro Casona. Ginastera composed the opera on commission from the Municipality of the City of Buenos Aires, Argent ...

'', Op. 31 (1963–64) * '' Bomarzo'', Op. 34 (1966–67), banned in Argentina until 1972 * '' Beatrix Cenci'', Op. 38 (1971), based on the play ''The Cenci'' (1819) by Percy Bysshe Shelley

Ballet

* ''Panambí'', Op. 1 (1934–37) * ''Estancia'', Op. 8 (1941)

Orchestral

* ''Obertura para el "Fausto" criollo'', Op. 9 (1943) * ''Ollantay'': 3 Symphonic Movements, Op. 17 (1947) * ''Variaciones concertantes'', Op. 23 (1953) * ''Pampeana No. 3'', Op. 24 (1954) * ''Concerto per corde'', Op. 33 (1965) * ''Estudios Sinfonicos'', Op. 35 (1967) * '' Popol Vuh'', Op. 44 (1975–1983, left incomplete at the composer's death) * ''Glosses sobre temes de Pau Casals'' for string orchestra, Op. 46 (1976) * ''Glosses sobre temes de Pau Casals'' for full orchestra, Op. 48 (1976–77) * Iubilum, Op. 51 (1979–80)

Concerti

* Harp ** Harp Concerto, Op. 25 (1956–65) * Piano ** Piano Concerto No. 1, Op. 28 (1961) ** Piano Concerto No. 2, Op. 39 (1972) * Violin ** Violin Concerto, Op. 30 (1963) * Cello ** Cello Concerto No. 1, Op. 36 (1968) ** Cello Concerto No. 2, Op. 50 (1980–81)

Piano

* '' Danzas argentinas'', Op. 2 (1937) * ''Tres piezas'', Op. 6 (1940) * ''Malambo'', Op. 7 ( 1940) * "Pequena Danza" (from the ballet ''Estancia'', Op. 8) (1941) * ''12 Preludios americanos'', Op. 12 (1944) * ''Suite de danzas criollas'', Op. 15 (1946, rev. 1956) * ''Rondó sobre temas infantiles argentinos'', Op. 19 (1947) * Piano Sonata No. 1, Op. 22 (1952) * Arrangement of an Organ Toccata by

Domenico Zipoli Domenico Zipoli (1688-1726) was a composer from the Baroque period. He worked and died in Córdoba, in the Viceroyalty of Peru, Spanish Empire, (presently in Argentina). He became a Jesuit in order to work in the Reductions of Paraguay where ...

(1970) * Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 53 (1981) * Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 54 (1982) * ''Danzas argentinas para los ninos'' (Unfinished) *# ''Moderato: para Alex'' *# ''Paisaje: para Georgina''

Organ

* Toccata, Villancico y Fuga, Op. 18 (1947) * Variazioni e Toccata sopra ''

Aurora lucis rutilat ''Aurora lucis rutilat'' (Latin for "Dawn reddens with light"; ) is the incipit of an Easter hymn of the Latin rite, first recorded in the Frankish Hymnal tradition (8th/9th century, one of the Murbach hymns) and preserved in the Benedictine " Ne ...

'', Op. 52 (1980), dedicated to W. Stuart Pope (president of Boosey & Hawkes), premiered by Marilyn Mason at the 1980 national convention of the AGO in Minneapolis.

Vocal/choral

* 2 Songs, for voice and piano, Op. 3 (1938) * ''Cantos del Tucumán'', for voice, flute, harp, percussion, and violin, Op. 4 (1938) * ''Psalm 150'', for mixed choir, children's choir and orchestra, Op. 5 (1938) * '' 5 canciones populares argentinas'', for voice and piano, Op. 10 (1943) * ''Las horas de una estancia'', for voice and piano, Op. 11 (1943) * '' Lamentaciones de Jeremias Propheta'', for chorus, Op. 14 (1946) * ''Cantata para América mágica'', for dramatic soprano and percussion orchestra, Op. 27 (1960) * ''Cantata Bomarzo'', for soloists, narrator, and chamber orchestra, Op. 32 (1964) * ''Milena'', for soprano and orchestra, Op. 37 (1971) * ''Serenata'', for baritone, violoncello, wind quintet, percussion, harp, and double bass, Op. 42 (1973) * ''Turbae ad passionem gregorianam'', for soloists, chorus, boy's chorus and orchestra, Op. 43 (1975) * ''Canción del beso robado'', for voice and piano (19??)

Chamber/solo instrumental

* Duo, for flute and oboe, Op. 13 (1945) * ''Pampeana No. 1'', for violin and piano, Op. 16 (1947) * String Quartet No. 1, Op. 20 (1948) * ''Pampeana No. 2'', for violoncello and piano, Op. 21 (1950) * String Quartet No. 2, Op. 26 (1958, Rev. 1968) * Piano Quintet, Op. 29 (1963) * String Quartet No. 3, for soprano and string quartet, Op. 40 (1973) * ''Puneña No. 1'', for flute, Op. 41 (1973, left incomplete at the time of the composer's death) * ''Puneña No. 2'' ("Hommage à Paul Sacher"), for violoncello, Op. 45 (1976) * Sonata for guitar, Op. 47 (1976, Rev. 1981) * Sonata for cello and piano, Op. 49 (1979) * Fanfare for four trumpets, op. 51a (1980)

Works withdrawn by the composer (without opus number)

* ''Piezas Infantiles'', for piano (1934) * ''Impresiones de la Puna'', for flute and string quartet (1934) * ''Concierto argentino'', for piano and orchestra (1936) * ''El arriero canta'', for chorus (1937) * Sonatina, for harp (1938) * Symphony No. 1 ("Porteña") (1942) * Symphony No. 2 ("Elegíaca") (1944)

Incidental/film music

* ''Don Basilio malcasado'' (1940) * ''Doña Clorinda la descontenta'' (1941) * ''Malambo'' (1942) * ''Rosa de América'' (1945) * ''Las antiguas semillas'' (1947) * ''Nace la libertad'' (1949) * ''El puente'' (1950) * ''

Facundo, el tigre de los llanos ''Facundo, el tigre de los llanos'' is a 1952 Argentine biopic film based on the life of La Rioja province's strongman Facundo Quiroga. The movie was directed by Miguel P. Tato and Carlos F. Borcosque. Cast * Francisco Martínez Allende * Z ...

'' (1952) * ''Caballito criollo'' (1953) * ''Su seguro servidor'' (1954) * ''Los maridos de mamá'' (1956) * ''Enigma de mujer'' (1956) * '' Spring of Life'' (1957) * '' Hay que bañar al nene'' (1958) * ''El límite'' (1958) * ''A María del corazón'' (1960) * ''La doncella prodigiosa'' (1961)

Discography

*''Bomarzo'', The Opera Society of Washington, Julius Rudel, conductor; 1967 recording re-released on Sony Classical in 2016. * ''Cantata para América Mágica'', Raquel Adonaylo, soprano; Los Angeles Percussion Ensemble, William Kraft, conductor. With: Carlos Chávez, ''Toccata for Percussion'', Henri Temianka, conductor. LP recording, analog, 33⅓ rpm, stereo, 12 in. Columbia Masterworks MS 6447. New York: Columbia Records, 1963. * ''Cantata para America Magica'', McGill Percussion Ensemble, P. Béluse, director, Elise Bédard, soprano, McGill Records CD, 1997. * ''Complete works for piano'',

Andrzej Pikul Andrzej Pikul (born 7 June, 1954, in Krosno) is a Polish pianist. Life and career Pikul graduated from the Academy of Music in Kraków, where he studied under Tadeusz Żmudziński, and from the Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst in Vi ...

(piano), Dux Recording Producers, 2007. * Quartet No. 1, Paganini Quartet, Decca Gold Label. * Art Songs of Latin-America, Patricia Caicedo, soprano & Pau Casan, piano – Albert Moraleda Records, Barcelona, 2001 – Cinco canciones populares argentinas by Ginastera & Canción al árbol del olvido * 2007 – Flores Argentinas: Canciones de Ginastera y Guastavino / Inca Rose Duo: Annelise Skovmand, voice; Pablo González Jazey, guitar. Cleo Productions, Cleo Prod 1002. Arrangements by González Jazey for voice and guitar of: ''Cinco canciones populares argentinas'' Op. 10 and Dos canciones Op. 3. * Arrangement of Piano Concerto No. 1; fourth movement; as "Toccata", Emerson, Lake & Palmer, '' Brain Salad Surgery'', 1973. *''Nissman Plays Ginastera: The Three Piano Concertos''. Barbara Nissman, piano;

Kenneth Kiesler Kenneth Kiesler (born August 18, 1953) is an American symphony orchestra and opera conductor and mentor to conductors. Kiesler is conductor laureate of the Illinois Symphony Orchestra where he was music director from 1980 to 2000 and founder and ...

, conductor; University of Michigan Symphony Orchestra. (CD) Pierian 0048 (2012)
Complete piano solo and piano/chamber works
Barbara Nissman (piano) with Aurora Natola-Ginastera (cello), Ruben Gonzales (violin) and the Laurentian String Quartet. Three Oranges Recordings (3OR-01) * ''Popol Vuh – The Mayan Creation'', Estancia, Panambi, Suite de Danzas Criollas (world premiere of orchestral version), Ollantay.

Gisele Ben-Dor Gisèle Ben-Dor ( Buka; born 26 April 1955) is an American Israeli orchestra conductor of Uruguayan origin. Conductor Ben-Dor was born in Montevideo, Uruguay, to Polish Jewish immigrant parents. She graduated from the Rubin Academy of Music ...

, conductor.

London Symphony Orchestra The London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) is a British symphony orchestra based in London. Founded in 1904, the LSO is the oldest of London's orchestras, symphony orchestras. The LSO was created by a group of players who left Henry Wood's Queen's ...

, Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra, BBC National Orchestra of Wales. Naxos, 2010. * ''Panambi, Estancia (complete Ballets)'',

, conductor. Luis Gaeta, narrator/bass baritone.

. Naxos, 1998&2006. * Glosses on Themes of Pablo Casals, Variaciones concertantes.

, conductor.

. Israel Chamber Orchestra. Naxos 1995&2010. * John Antill: ''Corroboree'' ballet suite and

Ginastera Alberto Evaristo Ginastera (; April 11, 1916June 25, 1983) was an Argentinian composer of classical music. He is considered to be one of the most important 20th-century classical composers of the Americas. Biography Ginastera was born in Buenos ...

: ''Panambi'' ballet suite,

, Sir Eugene Goossens, conductor, Everest stereo LP, SDBR 3003 * String Quartets – "Ginastera: String Quartets," Cuarteto Latinoamericano, with Claudia Montiel, soprano

lan 82270 Lan or LAN may also refer to: Science and technology * Local asymptotic normality, a fundamental property of regular models in statistics * Longitude of the ascending node, one of the orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in spa ...

*Piano Concerto No. 1 and Piano Sonata No. 1, Hilde Somer, piano; Ernst Märzendorfer, conductor; Vienna Philharmonia Orchestra; Desto (D-402/DS-6402)