A pneumatic tool, air tool, air-powered tool or pneumatic-powered tool is a type of

power tool A power tool is a tool that is actuated by an additional power source and mechanism other than the solely manual labor used with hand tools. The most common types of power tools use electric motors. Internal combustion engines and compressed ...

, driven by compressed air supplied by an

air compressor An air compressor is a pneumatic device that converts power (using an electric motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air (i.e., compressed air). By one of several methods, an air compressor forces m ...

. Pneumatic tools can also be driven by compressed carbon dioxide () stored in small cylinders allowing for portability. Most pneumatic tools convert the compressed air to work using a

pneumatic motor A pneumatic motor (air motor), or compressed air engine, is a type of motor which does mechanical work by expanding compressed air. Pneumatic motors generally convert the compressed air energy to mechanical work through either linear or rotary ...

. Compared to electric

equivalents, pneumatic tools are safer to run and maintain, without risk of sparks, short-circuiting or electrocution, and have a higher

power to weight ratio Power-to-weight ratio (PWR, also called specific power, or power-to-mass ratio) is a calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources to enable the comparison of one unit or design to another. Power-to-weight ratio is a measuremen ...

, allowing a smaller, lighter tool to accomplish the same task. Furthermore, they are less likely to self-destruct in case the tool is jammed or overloaded. General grade pneumatic tools with a short life span are commonly less expensive and considered “disposable tools” in tooling industries, while industrial grade pneumatic tools with long life span are more expensive. In general, pneumatic tools are cheaper than the equivalent electric-powered tools. Regular lubrication of the tools is still needed however. Most pneumatic tools are to be supplied with compressed air at 4 to 6 bar.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pneumatic tools have many benefits which have contributed to their rise in popularity. The benefits of using compressed air to power tools are: * Inexpensive * Safe to use * Easy to operate * Portable * Low theft rates The primary disadvantage of pneumatic tools is the need for an

, which can be expensive. Pneumatic tools also need to be properly maintained and oiled regularly. Failing to maintain tools can lead to deterioration, due to a build up residual oil and water.

Technical terms

Pneumatic tools are rated using several metrics: Free Speed (rpm),

Air Pressure Atmospheric pressure, also known as barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars ...

(psi/bar), Air Consumption (cfm/scfm or m3/min),

Horse Power Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power, or the rate at which work is done, usually in reference to the output of engines or motors. There are many different standards and types of horsepower. Two common definitions used today are the ...

(hp), and spindle size. Each individual tool has its own specific requirements which determine their compatibility with air compressor systems. Flow or airflow, related to air consumption in pneumatic tools, represents the quantity of compressed air that passes through a section over a unit of time. It is represented in l/min, m3, at the equivalent value in free air in conditions of standard reference atmosphere (SRA). For example: +20 c, 65% of relative humidity, 1013 mbar, in accordance with norms NFE.

Types of pneumatic tools

Pneumatic tools come in many shapes and form, including small and large-sized hand tools. The most common types of pneumatic tools include: * Air ratchet *

Airbrush An airbrush is a small, Pneumatics, air-operated tool that Atomizer nozzle, atomizes and sprays various media, most often paint but also ink and dye, and Foundation (cosmetics), foundation. Spray painting developed from the airbrush and is c ...

* Air hammer (forging) * Air hammer (pile driver) *

Angle grinder An angle grinder, also known as a side grinder or disc grinder, is a handheld power tool used for grinding (abrasive cutting) and polishing. Although developed originally as tools for rigid abrasive discs, the availability of an interchangeable ...

*Backfill tamper * Impact wrenches *

Nail gun A nail gun, nailgun or nailer is a form of hammer used to drive nails into wood or other materials. It is usually driven by compressed air (pneumatic), electromagnetism, highly flammable gases such as butane or propane, or, for powder-actuate ...

Jackhammer A jackhammer (pneumatic drill or demolition hammer in British English) is a pneumatic or electro-mechanical tool that combines a hammer directly with a chisel. It was invented by William Mcreavy, who then sold the patent to Charles Brady King ...

* Pneumatic hammer *

Pneumatic drill A pneumatic drill may refer to a: *Jackhammer, a tool used to break up rock and pavement *Drill A drill is a tool used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is fitted with a bit, either a drill or driver chuck. Hand-operated types ...

* Pneumatic

jack (device) A jack is a mechanical lifting device used to apply great forces or lift heavy loads. A mechanical jack employs a screw thread for lifting heavy equipment. A hydraulic jack uses hydraulic power. The most common form is a car jack, floor jack o ...

* Pneumatic paint shaker * Pneumatic

riveter A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed, a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite to the head is called the ''tail''. On installation, the rivet is placed in a punched o ...

* Sanders * Sandblaster *Shears * Paint sprayer * Riveting hammer * Needle scaler

Common brands

* Chicago Pneumatic * Kirloskarkirloskarkpcl.com Pneumatic * AIMCO
AIRCAT
* Apex Tool Group *

Atlas Copco Atlas Copco (Copco from Compagnie Pneumatique Commerciale) is a Swedish multinational industrial company that was founded in 1873. It manufactures industrial tools and equipment. The Atlas Copco Group is a global industrial group of companies ...

* ZIPP GROUP * Campbell Hausfeld * 3M * China Pneumatic * Compair Broomwade Ltd * Craftsman * DeVilbiss Air Power Company *

Festo Festo is a German automation company based in Esslingen am Neckar, Germany. Festo produces and sells pneumatic and electrical control systems and drive technology for factories and process automation. Festo Didactic also offers industrial ed ...

* Husky (tools) * Ingersoll-Rand * JET * Kobalt (tools) *

Mac Tools Mac Tools (previously, Mechanics Tool and Forge Company) is an American company that distributes and markets professional tools and related equipment. It is headquartered in Westerville, Ohio, United States. The Mac Tools line consists of over 8, ...

Master Palm
*

Makita () is a Japanese manufacturer of power tools. Founded on March 21, 1915, it is based in Anjō, Japan and operates factories in Brazil, China, Japan, Mexico, Romania, the United Kingdom, Germany, United Arab Emirates, Thailand, Canada and th ...

Matco Tools Matco Tools, Inc. is an American professional tool distribution franchise for the automotive and other industries and is based in Stow, Ohio, United States. This includes over 13,000 different tools such as wrenches, screw drivers, gauges, and ...

Osaka is a designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the third most populous city in Japan, following Special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama. With a population of ...

Patco Air Tools PATCO may refer to: *Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (1968), the defunct American labor union of air traffic controllers; famous for its failed 1981 strike *Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (2003), an independent ...

Porter-Cable Porter-Cable is an American company that manufactures power tools. Known for pioneering the portable belt sander, helical-drive circular saw, and portable band saw, it is a subsidiary of Stanley Black & Decker. History Porter-Cable was foun ...

* RAD Torque Systems * Snap-on * ZIPP TOOL *Katashi
SUMAKE

Nex Flow

Universal Tool

References

{{Power tool manufacturers