Adrara San Rocco (
Bergamasque
The Bergamasque dialect is the western variant of the Eastern Lombard group of the Lombard language. It is mainly spoken in the province of Bergamo and in the area around Crema, in central Lombardy.
Bergamasque has official status in the p ...
: or simply ) is an Italian town in the province of Bergamo, in the administrative region of
Lombardy. The town is located about east of Bergamo and is situated in the
Guerna river valley. The town is part of the Mountain Community of
Monte Bronzone Sebino.
The hills of San Fermo attract tourists for sports such as mountain biking, trekking and paragliding.
History
The town dates from the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...
, around the year 1000. The first documented evidence of settlement was the village of ''Adrara'', which had not yet been divided into the two existing entities.
The province of Bergamo was devastated by fratricidal conflict between the
Guelph
Guelph ( ; 2021 Canadian Census population 143,740) is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Known as "The Royal City", Guelph is roughly east of Kitchener and west of Downtown Toronto, at the intersection of Highway 6, Highway 7 and Wel ...
and
Ghibelline
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, rival ...
, which in turn created a large influx of refugees into Adrara from these remote and quiet areas. However, fighting broke out in Adrara as well and a castle was built to protect inhabitants from the incursions of violence among the villagers.
During the 14th century, the territory fell under the domination of the Calepio family, who took possession of most of the valley. In the following century the arrival of the
Venetian Republic
The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia ...
put a definitive end to the factional struggles. Adrara experienced a period of peace and economic prosperity, along with a corresponding increase in population.
After this time of peace, territorial conflicts emerged between the upstream parish of San Rocco and the downstream village of
San Martino.
In 1668, the territory of Adrara was divided into two different entities: Adrara San Rocco and Adrara San Martino. Lingering disputes took a century to resolve. The division was formalized in 1754, ending with the awarding of five ninths of the land to the community of San Rocco and the remaining four ninths to San Martino.
Church
The parish church was dedicated to San Rocco, and dates from 1539. This church was restored during the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. It has a long staircase outside that leads to the entrance. Inside are frescoes, among which are those made by the workshop of
Francesco Capella.
The Shrine of Saint Faustino and Saint Giovita, better known as the sanctuary of the dead of
Bondo, was built in the fourteenth century.
People
Literary critic and biographical author Eugenio Donadoni was born in San Rocco in 1870.
References
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