Abu Nidal Organization internal executions
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The Abu Nidal Organization internal executions were the mass executions of members of the
Abu Nidal Organization The Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) is the most common name for the Palestinian nationalist militant group Fatah – The Revolutionary Council (''Fatah al-Majles al-Thawry''). The ANO is named after its founder Abu Nidal. It was created by a spli ...
and their families by
Abu Nidal Sabri Khalil al-Banna (May 1937 – 16 August 2002), known by his '' nom de guerre'' Abu Nidal, was the founder of Fatah: The Revolutionary Council, a militant Palestinian splinter group more commonly known as the Abu Nidal Organization ...
and key associates during 1987–1988. The executions took place at a number of locations in Syria, Lebanon and Libya. The number of people executedmostly Palestiniansis estimated at 600.


Executions within the organization

The Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)'s official newspaper ' regularly carried stories announcing the execution of traitors within the movement.Abu Khalil, 2000. Each new recruit of the ANO was given several days to write his entire life story by handincluding names and addresses of family members, friends, and loversand was then required to sign a paper agreeing to his execution if anything was found to be untrue. Every so often, the recruit would be asked to rewrite the whole story. Any discrepancies were taken as evidence that he was a spy and he would be made to write it out again, often after days of being beaten and nights spent forced to sleep standing up.Seale 1992, pp. 6–7.


1987 events

By 1987, Abu Nidal had turned the full force of his paranoia and terror tactics inwards on the ANO itself. Members were routinely tortured by the "Committee for Revolutionary Justice" until they confessed to betrayal and disloyalty. Men would be hanged naked for hours and whipped until they lost consciousness, then revived with salt or chili powder rubbed into their wounds. A naked prisoner would be forced into a car tire with his legs and backside in the air, then whipped, wounded, and salted. Plastic melted under a flame would be dripped onto prisoners' skin. According to recruits who were able to escape, prisoners' genitals would be placed in skillets of boiling-hot oil and fried while the men were held down. Between interrogations, prisoners would be confined alone in tiny cells, bound hand and foot. If the cells were full, a prisoner might be buried alive, with a steel pipe in his mouth to allow him to breathe. Water would be poured into it occasionally. When word came that Abu Nidal wanted the prisoner executed, a bullet would be fired down the tube instead, then the pipe removed and the hole filled in.Clarridge 1997, cited in Ledeen 2002. *Also see Seale 1992, pp. 286–287.


Perpetrators

In one year from 1987 to 1988, around 600 were killed, between a third and a half of the membership of the ANO. Abu Nidal had the elderly wife of a veteran member, Al-Hajj Abu Musa, thrown in jail and killed on a charge of lesbianism. The killings were mostly the work of four men: Mustafa Ibrahim Sanduqa of the Justice Committee; Isam Maraqa, Abu Nidal's deputy, who was married to his wife's niece; Sulaiman Samrin, also known as Dr. Ghassan al-Ali, the ANO's first secretary; and Mustafa Awad, also known as Alaa, the head of the Intelligence Directorate. Most of the decisions to kill, said Abu Dawud, a long-time member of the ANO, were taken by Abu Nidal "in the middle of the night, after he adknocked back a whole bottle of whiskey".Seale 1992, pp. 287–289.


References

{{Middle East conflicts 1987 in Lebanon 1987 in Syria 1987 in Libya Massacres in the Arab–Israeli conflict Massacres in 1987 Massacres in 1988 Palestinian political violence Internal executions Political and cultural purges Massacres in Lebanon Massacres in Libya Massacres in Syria 20th-century mass murder in Africa 20th-century mass murder in Lebanon 20th-century mass murder in Syria