Abd al-Haqq II () (Abd al-Haqq ibn Uthman Abu Muhammad; 1419 – 14 August 1465) was

Marinid The Marinid Sultanate was a Berber Muslim empire from the mid-13th to the 15th century which controlled present-day Morocco and, intermittently, other parts of North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Spain) ar ...

Sultan of Morocco from 1420 to 1465.

Life

Abd al-Haqq II was made sultan in 1420 under the regency of a

Wattasid The Wattasid dynasty ( ber, Iweṭṭasen; ar, الوطاسيون, ''al-waṭṭāsīyūn'') was a ruling dynasty of Morocco. Like the Marinid dynasty, its rulers were of Zenata Berber descent. The two families were related, and the Marinids ...

vizier A vizier (; ar, وزير, wazīr; fa, وزیر, vazīr), or wazir, is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the near east. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called '' katib'' (secretary), who was ...

'', and later was nominal sultan under Wattasid control until 1465. Abd al-Haqq was the son of Sultan

Abu Said Uthman III Abu Said Uthman III () (Abu Said Uthman ibn Abi l-Abbas ibn Abi Salim), (1383 – 21 October 1420) was Marinid ruler of Morocco from 19 March 1398 to 1420, the last effective ruler of that dynasty. He ascended to the throne at the age of sixteen. ...

, who made an unsuccessful attempt to recover

Ceuta Ceuta (, , ; ar, سَبْتَة, Sabtah) is a Spanish autonomous city on the north coast of Africa. Bordered by Morocco, it lies along the boundary between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It is one of several Spanish territori ...

from the Portuguese in 1419. This led to instability in the Marinid state culminating in a coup in Fez in 1420, in which Abu Said Uthman III was assassinated. At that time, his son and heir Abd al-Haqq was just one year old. A succession struggle broke out immediately as other pretenders quickly emerged.

Abu Zakariya Yahya al-Wattasi Abu Zakariya Yahya ibn Ziyan al-Wattasi (died 1448) (''abū zakarīyā' yaḥyā ben ziyān al-waṭṭāsī'' ar, أبو زكرياء يحيى بن زيان الوطاس was a vizier of the Marinid sultan of Fez, regent and effective strongman ...

was governor of

Salé Salé ( ar, سلا, salā, ; ber, ⵙⵍⴰ, sla) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the right bank of the Bou Regreg river, opposite the national capital Rabat, for which it serves as a commuter town. Founded in about 1030 by the Banu Ifran, ...

. Hearing the news of the sultan's assassination, Abu Zakariya hurried to seize control of the royal palace of Fez, proclaiming the orphan child Abd al-Haqq as the new Marinid sultan and appointing himself his regent and chief minister (

). Morocco quickly descended into disorder and strife. By 1423 the regent Abu Zakariya al-Wattasi had emerged the effective ruler of the state. When Abd al-Haqq came of age in 1437, Abu Zakariya refused to give up the regency. In 1437 a Portuguese attempt to take advantage of the dispute and take Tangier by siege proved unsuccessful, raising the morale of the Moroccans and increasing the prestige of the ''sharifs'' who had led the defense. Abu Zakariya took full advantage of the victory to consolidate his power. Any thought of the regency being surrendered was forgotten. In January 1438, under his administration, the tomb of

Idris II Idris bin Idris ( ar, إدريس بن إدريس) known as Idris II ( ar, إدريس الثاني) (August 791 – August 828), was the son of Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco. He was born in Walīlī two months after the de ...

, founder of Fez and of the

Idrisid dynasty The Idrisid dynasty or Idrisids ( ar, الأدارسة ') were an Arab Muslim dynasty from 788 to 974, ruling most of present-day Morocco and parts of present-day western Algeria. Named after the founder, Idris I, the Idrisids were an Alid an ...

, was rediscovered, becoming an important destination for pilgrims. Abu Zakariya was succeeded by his nephew, Ali ibn Yusuf, in 1448. Ali ibn Yusuf was in turn succeeded by Abu Zakariya's son, Yahya ibn Abi Zakariya, in 1458. Although Abd al-Haqq was nominally sultan, he held no power. He was murdered in 1465 during the

1465 Moroccan revolt The 1465 Moroccan revolution was a popular uprising in the city of Fez—then capital of Morocco—against Sultan Abd al-Haqq II, the last ruler of the Marinid dynasty, and his Jewish vizier Harun ibn Batash. Morocco was in severe crisis in the m ...

References

Citations Sources * * * * 1419 births 1465 deaths 15th-century Berber people 15th-century monarchs in Africa 15th-century Moroccan people Marinid sultans of Morocco People from Fez, Morocco {{Morocco-bio-stub