The Mīqāt Dhu al-Ḥulayfah (), also known as Masjid ash-Shajarah ( ar, مَسْجِد ٱلشَّجَرَة, lit=Mosque of the Tree) or Masjid Dhu al-Hulayfah (), is a ''

miqat The miqat ( ar, مِيْقَات, lit=a stated place, translit=mīqāt) is a principal boundary at which Muslim pilgrims intending to perform the '' Ḥajj'' or ʿ Umrah must enter the state of '' iḥrām'' (lit. 'prohibition')'','' a state of ...

'' and

mosque A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, ...

in Abyār ʿAlī,

Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the second-holiest city in Islam, and the capital of the ...

, west of ''Wadi al-'Aqiq'', where the final Islamic prophet,

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...

, entered the state of '' ihram'' before performing '

Umrah The ʿUmrah ( ar, عُمْرَة, lit=to visit a populated place) is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca (the holiest city for Muslims, located in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia) that can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to t ...

, after the

Treaty of Hudaybiyyah The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah ( ar, صُلح ٱلْحُدَيْبِيَّة, Ṣulḥ Al-Ḥudaybiyyah) was an event that took place during the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was a pivotal treaty between Muhammad, representing the state of ...

. The mosque is located SW of the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi and was defined by Muhammad as the

for those willing to perform the Hajj or

pilgrimages from

. It is the second-largest miqat mosque after the Miqat Qarn al-Manazil in As-Sayl al-Kabir.

History

Dhu al-Hulayfah was defined as the miqat for the people of Medina by Muhammad in the hadith in Sahih Bukhari, Book 25, Hadith 14, which was narrated by

Ibn 'Abbas ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās ( ar, عَبْد ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن عَبَّاس; c. 619 – 687 CE), also known as Ibn ʿAbbās, was one of the cousins of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is considered to be the greatest mufassir of the Qur'a ...

"Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had fixed Dhul Hulaifa as the Miqat for the people of Medina..."

The mosque was first built during the time of Umar II ibn 'Abdulaziz, who was the

Umayyad The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 CE; , ; ar, ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, al-Khilāfah al-ʾUmawīyah) was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. The caliphate was ruled by the ...

governor of Medina from 706-712 (87-93 AH) and has been renovated several times since, the last major renovation being during the reign of

King Fahd Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( ar, فهد بن عبد العزيز آل سعود ''Fahd ibn ʿAbd al ʿAzīz Āl Suʿūd'', ; 1920, 1921 or 1923 – 1 August 2005) was a Saudi Arabian politician who was King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia fro ...

(), who increased the area of the mosque by many times its original size and added several modern facilities.

Architecture

The current mosque building was built during the reign of King Fahd. It is in the shape of a square of an area of approximately 6,000 square meters (65,000 ft²) inside a 36,000 m² (388,000 ft²) square-shaped enclosure. It consists of two sets of galleries separated by a wide yard of approximately 1000 square meters (11,000 ft²). The galleries are shaped as arches ending with long domes. At the center of the mosque is

spring Spring(s) may refer to: Common uses * Spring (season) Spring, also known as springtime, is one of the four temperate seasons, succeeding winter and preceding summer. There are various technical definitions of spring, but local usage of ...

of water housed inside a dome. The portion of the enclosure that does not include the mosque, measuring around 20,000 m² (216,000 ft²), includes multiple restrooms and areas for changing into ihram and performing

wudu Wuḍūʾ ( ar, الوضوء ' ) is the Islamic procedure for cleansing parts of the body, a type of ritual purification, or ablution. The 4 Fardh (Mandatory) acts of ''Wudu'' consists of washing the face, arms, then wiping the head and the fe ...

. Most of the inner area is pathways, galleries and

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...

s. All 13 domes are located on the roof of the mosque, while the 5 minarets are located around the enclosure. One of the mosque's minarets stands distinct from the others, square at the bottom but round at the top in a diagonal shape, rising to a height of . The mosque is built in an Islamic architectural style, with

Mamluk Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...

and

Byzantine The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...

influences.

References

External links

A gallery with multiple pictures of the mosque can be found here

A short introduction to the features of the mosque can be found here

Hajj Mosque architecture New Classical architecture Islamic holy places Mosques in Medina Ziyarat Abdel-Wahed El-Wakil buildings {{Islam-stub

History

Architecture

See also

References

External links