Abaúj-Torna ( sk, Abov-Turňa, german: Abaujwar-Tornau, la, comitatus Abaujvar-Tornensis) was an administrative county ( comitatus) of the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coronation of the Hungarian monarch, c ...

. Its capital was Kassa (present-day

Košice Košice ( , ; german: Kaschau ; hu, Kassa ; pl, Коszyce) is the largest city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary. With a population of a ...

). Its territory is now divided between

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Cr ...

and

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the ...

Geography

Around 1910, Abaúj-Torna county shared borders with Gömör-Kishont, Szepes, Sáros, Zemplén and

Borsod Borsod was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. The capital of the county was Miskolc. After World War II, the county was merged with the Hungarian parts of Abaúj-Torna County and Zemplén counties to form Borsod-Aba ...

counties. The rivers Hernád and Bódva flowed through the county. Its area was around 1910.

History

The county Abaúj-Torna was a combination of Abaúj and Torna counties. Its first creation was during the period of military dictatorship and centralisation in the Kingdom of Hungary following the

Hungarian Revolution of 1848 The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 or fully Hungarian Civic Revolution and War of Independence of 1848–1849 () was one of many European Revolutions of 1848 and was closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas. Although t ...

, existing from 13 September 1850 until the restoration of the traditional counties of Hungry in October 1860. It formed part of the District of Kaschau during this period. The two counties were joined a second time in 1881. In the aftermath of World War I, the northern part of Abaúj-Torna county became part of newly formed

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

(as ), as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in Versailles on 4 June 1920. It forma ...

. It continued to exist as an administrative unit until 1922. The southern half stayed in Hungary as the county Abaúj-Torna, with capital

Szikszó Szikszó is a small town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, from county capital Miskolc. History Szikszó was first mentioned in documents in 1280. It belonged to the estate of the Aba clan. After 1370 Aba Estates in the area b ...

Following the provisions of the First Vienna Award, most of the Czechoslovak part was returned to Hungary in November 1938. It was added to the county of Abaúj-Torna, with capital Kassa (present-day Košice). After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, the Trianon border was restored and the county was renamed to Abaúj County. In 1950, it merged with the county of Borsod-Gömör and the Hungarian part of Zemplén to form the present Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county. Since 1993, when Czechoslovakia was split, the northern part of the county's former territory has been part of Slovakia's Košice Region.

Demographics

In 1900, the county had a population of 196,462 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: * Hungarian: 140,050 (71.3%) * Slovak: 45,072 (22.9%) *

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

: 8,734 (4.5%) * Ruthenian: 519 (0.3%) * Croatian: 74 (0.0%) *

Romanian Romanian may refer to: *anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania ** Romanians, an ethnic group **Romanian language, a Romance language ***Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language **Romanian cuisine, traditiona ...

: 60 (0.0%) *

Serbian Serbian may refer to: * someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe * someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people * Serbian language * Serbian names See also * * * Old Serbian (disambiguation ...

: 13 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 1,940 (1.0%) According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: *

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: * Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...

: 113,447 (57.7%) *

Calvinist Calvinism (also called the Reformed Tradition, Reformed Protestantism, Reformed Christianity, or simply Reformed) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John C ...

: 41,562 (21.2%) *

Greek Catholic The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually. The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine C ...

: 20,142 (10.3%) *

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

: 14,069 (7.2%) *

Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched ...

: 7,101 (3.6%) *

Greek Orthodox The term Greek Orthodox Church ( Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία, ''Ellinorthódoxi Ekklisía'', ) has two meanings. The broader meaning designates "the entire body of Orthodox (Chalcedonian) Christianity, sometimes also cal ...

: 106 (0.0%) * Unitarian: 18 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 17 (0.0%) In 1910, the county had a population of 202,288 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: * Hungarian: 156,668 (77.5%) * Slovak: 36,067 (17.8%) *

: 6,520 (3.2%) * Ruthenian: 378 (0.2%) *

: 127 (0.0%) * Croatian: 63 (0.0%) *

: 21 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 2,444 (1.2%) According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: *

: 118,179 (58.4%) *

: 42,728 (21.1%) *

: 20,089 (9.9%) *

: 14,251 (7.1%) *

: 6,832 (3.4%) *

: 161 (0.0%) * Unitarian: 24 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 24 (0.0%) In 1941: 203,438 Hungarians, 18,879 Slovaks, 2581 Bunjevacs, 904 Germans, 623 Roma, 256 Ruthenians, 72 Romanians, 3 Croatians, 105 other; 140,377 Roman Catholics, 45,384 Protestants, 22,476 Greek Catholics, 14,764 Jewish, 4773 Evangelicals, 339 Greek Orthodox, 116 Baptists and 55 Unitarians.

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Abaúj-Torna were: The towns

Füzér Füzér is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northe ...

, Gönc and

Abaújszántó Abaújszántó is a small town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, about from the county seat Miskolc. It belongs to the famous Tokaj-Hegyalja wine district. History Abaújszántó has been inhabited since ancient times. The Hung ...

are now in Hungary.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abauj-Torna County States and territories disestablished in 1920 Counties in the Kingdom of Hungary Divided regions