The 37th United States Congress was a meeting of the

legislative branch of the United States federal government The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washi ...

, consisting of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

. It met in

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

from March 4, 1861, to March 4, 1863, during the first two years of

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation thro ...

presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified b ...

.Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress (1774-2005)
found online a
Congress Profiles: 37th Congress (1861-1863)
viewed October 24, 2016. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entitles. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often c ...

was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. For the first time since the party's establishment, the Republicans won the majority of both chambers, and thus full control of Congress. And with

becoming the first Republican

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

after being sworn in on March 4, 1861, the Republicans had their first ever overall federal government

trifecta file:Trifecta.svg, Trifecta A trifecta is a parimutuel betting, parimutuel bet placed on a horse race in which the bettor must predict which horses will finish first, second, and third, in the exact order. Known as a trifecta in the US and Austra ...

Major events

* March 4, 1861: Republican pluralities are seated in Senate and House, becoming governing majorities in both Houses given vacancies among Southerners. Louisiana has 2 of 4 representatives remaining. Although represented in the Confederate Congress, Missouri and Kentucky remained with full delegations in the 37th Congress. * March 4, 1861: Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated President of the United States. * April 12–14, 1861: Battle of Fort Sumter, Civil War began. * April 19, 1861:

Union blockade The Union blockade in the American Civil War was a naval strategy by the United States to prevent the Confederacy from trading. The blockade was proclaimed by President Abraham Lincoln in April 1861, and required the monitoring of of Atlanti ...

of the South begins at

Fort Monroe, Virginia Fort Monroe, managed by partnership between the Fort Monroe Authority for the Commonwealth of Virginia, the National Park Service as the Fort Monroe National Monument, and the City of Hampton, is a former military installation in Hampton, Virgi ...

. * April 27, 1861: President Lincoln suspends habeas corpus from

, to

Philadelphia Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania#Municipalities, largest city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the List of United States cities by population, sixth-largest city i ...

and called up 75,000 militia. * May 6, 1861: Arkansas Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession.
Alt URL
/ref> * May 20, 1861: North Carolina Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession. * May 23, 1861: Virginia popular referendum ratified Ordinance of Secession. 5 of 12 U.S. Representatives remained. Two senators from the "

Restored Government of Virginia The Restored (or Reorganized) Government of Virginia was the Unionist government of Virginia during the American Civil War (1861–1865) in opposition to the government which had approved Virginia's seceding from the United States and join ...

" replaced the two who withdrew. * June 8, 1861: Tennessee popular referendum ratified Ordinance of Secession. 3 of 10 U.S. Representatives remain. One Senator, Andrew Johnson, remained. * July 21, 1861:

First Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the Battle of First Manassas

Union approach to Richmond is repulsed. * September 17, 1862: Battle of Antietam rebel invasion into Maryland is repulsed. * September 22, 1862: Emancipation Proclamation ordered, to begin January 1, 1863. * November 1862:

1862 and 1863 United States House of Representatives elections Year 186 ( CLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Glabrio (or, less frequently, year 939 ''Ab urbe con ...

and

1862 and 1863 United States Senate elections Year 186 ( CLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Glabrio (or, less frequently, year 939 ''Ab urbe con ...

: Democrats gained 31 House seats to 31% and lost 5 Senate seats to 19%.

Two special sessions

The Senate, a continuing body, was called into special session by President Buchanan, meeting from March 4 to 28, 1861. The border states and Texas were still represented. Shortly after the Senate session adjourned, Fort Sumter was attacked. The immediate results were to draw four additional states "into the confederacy with their more Southern sisters", and Lincoln called Congress into extraordinary session on July 4, 1861. The Senate confirmed calling forth troops and raising money to suppress rebellion as authorized in the Constitution. Both Houses then duly met July 4, 1861. Seven states which would send representatives held their state elections for Representative over the months of May to June 1861. Members taking their seats had been elected before the secession crisis, during the formation of the Confederate government, and after Fort Sumter. Once assembled with a quorum in the House, Congress approved Lincoln's war powers innovations as necessary to preserve the Union. Following the July Federal defeat at First Manassas, the

Crittenden Resolution Crittenden may refer to: Places in the United States * Crittenden County, Arkansas * Crittenden County, Kentucky ** Crittenden, Kentucky, a city * Crittenden Township, Champaign County, Illinois * Crittenden, Virginia, a community * Crittenden B ...

asserted the reason for "the present deplorable civil war." It was meant as an address to the nation, especially to the Border States at a time of U.S. military reverses, when the war support in border state populations was virtually the only thing keeping them in the Union. Following resignations and expulsions occasioned by the outbreak of the Civil War, five states had some degree of dual representation in the U.S and the C.S. congresses. Congress accredited Members elected running in these five as Unionist (19), Democratic (6), Constitutional Unionist (1) and Republican (1). All ten Kentucky and all seven Missouri representatives were accepted. The other three states seated four of thirteen representatives from Virginia, three of ten Tennesseans, and two of four from Louisiana. The Crittenden Resolution declared the civil war "… has been forced upon the country by the disunionists of the southern States…" and it would be carried out for the supremacy of the Constitution and the preservation of the Union, and, that accomplished, "the war ought to cease". Democrats seized on this document, especially its assurances of no conquest or overthrowing domestic institutions (emancipation of slaves).

Slaves and slavery

Congressional policy and military strategy were intertwined. In the first regular March session, Republicans superseded the Crittenden Resolution, removing the prohibition against emancipation of slaves. In South Carolina, Gen.

David Hunter David Hunter (July 21, 1802 – February 2, 1886) was an American military officer. He served as a Union general during the American Civil War. He achieved notability for his unauthorized 1862 order (immediately rescinded) emancipating slaves ...

, issued a General Order in early May 1862 freeing all slaves in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. President Lincoln quickly rescinded the order, reserving this "supposed power" to his own discretion if it were indispensable to saving the Union. Later in the same month without directly disobeying Lincoln's prohibition against emancipation, General

Benjamin Butler Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was an American major general of the Union Army, politician, lawyer, and businessman from Massachusetts. Born in New Hampshire and raised in Lowell, Massachusetts, Butler is ...

Fort Monroe Fort Monroe, managed by partnership between the Fort Monroe Authority for the Commonwealth of Virginia, the National Park Service as the Fort Monroe National Monument, and the City of Hampton, is a former military installation in Hampton, Virgi ...

Virginia declared slaves escaped into his lines as " contraband of war", that is, forfeit to their rebel owners. On May 24, Congress followed General Butler's lead, and passed the First Confiscation Act in August, freeing slaves used for rebellion.McPherson, p. 57-58 In Missouri, John C. Frémont, the 1856 Republican nominee for president, exceeded his authority as a General, declaring that all slaves held by rebels within his military district would be freed. Republican majorities in Congress responded on opening day of the December Session. Sen.

Lyman Trumbull Lyman Trumbull (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was a lawyer, judge, and United States Senator from Illinois and the co-author of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Born in Colchester, Connecticut, Trumbull esta ...

introduced a bill for confiscation of rebel property and emancipation for their slaves. "Acrimonious debate on confiscation proved a major preoccupation" of Congress. On March 13, 1862, Congress directed the armies of the United States to stop enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act. The next month, the Congress abolished slavery in the District of Columbia with compensation for loyal citizens. An additional Confiscation Act in July declared free all slaves held by citizens in rebellion, but it had no practical effect without addressing where the act would take effect, or how ownership was to be proved. Lincoln's preliminary Emancipation Proclamation was issued September 22, 1862. It became the principal issue before the public in the mid-term elections that year for the 38th Congress. But Republican majorities in both houses held (see 'Congress as a campaign machine' below), and the Republicans actually increased their majority in the Senate. On January 1, 1863, the war measure by executive proclamation directed the army and the navy to treat all escaped slaves as free when entering Union lines from territory still in rebellion. The measure would take effect when the escaped slave entered Union lines and loyalty of the previous owner was irrelevant. Congress passed enabling legislation to carry out the Proclamation including "Freedman's Bureau" legislation. The practical effect was a massive internal evacuation of Confederate slave labor, and augmenting Union Army teamsters, railroad crews and infantry for the duration of the Civil War.

Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War

Congress assumed watchdog responsibilities with this and other investigating committees. The principle conflict between the president and congress was found in the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Eight thick volumes of testimony were filled with investigations of Union defeats and contractor scandals. They were highly charged with partisan opinions "vehemently expressed" by chair Benjamin Wade of Ohio, Representative George Washington Julian of Indiana, and Zachariah Chandler of Michigan. Sen. Chandler, who had been one of McClellan's advocates promoting his spectacular rise, particularly documented criticism of McClellan's Peninsular Campaign with its circuitous maneuvering, endless entrenchment and murderous camp diseases. It led to support for his dismissal. A congressional committee could ruin a reputation, without itself having any military expertise. It would create the modern Congressional era in which generals fought wars with Congress looking over their shoulders, "and with public opinion following closely behind."

Republican Platform goals

Republican majorities in both houses, apart from pro-union Democrats, and without vacant southern delegations, were able to enact their party platform. These included the Legal Tender Act, February 20, 1862, and increases in the tariff that amounted to protective tariffs. The Homestead Act, May 20, 1862, for government lands, and the Morrill Land Grant Act, July 2, 1862, for universities promoting practical arts in agriculture and mining, had no immediate war purpose. But they would have long range effects, as would the Pacific Railroad Act, July 1, 1862, for a transcontinental railroad. Treasury innovations were driven by Secretary Salmon P. Chase and necessity of war. The Income Tax of 1861, numerous taxes on consumer goods such as whiskey, and a national currency all began in Civil War Congresses.

Congress as election machinery

Member's floor speeches were not meant to be persuasive, but for publication in partisan newspapers. The real audience was the constituents back home. Congressional caucuses organized and funded political campaigns, publishing pamphlet versions of speeches and circulating them by the thousands free of postage on the member's franking privilege. Party congressional committees stayed in Washington during national campaigns, keeping an open flow of subsidized literature pouring back into the home districts. Nevertheless, like other Congresses in the 1850s and 1860s, this Congress would see less than half of its membership reelected. The characteristic turmoil found in the "3rd Party Period, 1855-1896" stirred political party realignment in the North even in the midst of civil war. In this Congress, failure to gain nomination and loss at the general election together accounted for a Membership turnover of 25%.

Major legislation

* August 5, 1861:

Revenue Act of 1861 The Revenue Act of 1861, formally cited as Act of August 5, 1861, Chap. XLV, 12 Stat. 292', included the first U.S. Federal income tax statute (seSec.49. The Act, motivated by the need to fund the Civil War, imposed an income tax to be "levied, c ...

, Sess. 1, ch. 45, * August 6, 1861:

Confiscation Act of 1861 The Confiscation Act of 1861 was an act of Congress during the early months of the American Civil War permitting court proceedings for confiscation of any of property being used to support the Confederate independence effort, including slaves. ...

, Sess. 1, ch. 60, * February 19, 1862: Anti-Coolie Act, Sess. 1, ch. 24, 27, * February 25, 1862: Legal Tender Act of 1862, Sess. 2, ch. 33, * April 16, 1862:

District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act An Act for the Release of certain Persons held to Service or Labor in the District of Columbia, 37th Cong., Sess. 2, ch. 54, , known colloquially as the District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act or simply Compensated Emancipation Act, w ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 54, * May 15, 1862: An Act to Establish a Department of Agriculture, Sess. 2, ch. 72, * May 20, 1862:

Homestead Act The Homestead Acts were several laws in the United States by which an applicant could acquire ownership of government land or the public domain, typically called a homestead. In all, more than of public land, or nearly 10 percent of t ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 75, * June 19, 1862: An Act to secure Freedom to all persons within the Territories of the United States, Sess. 2, ch 111, * July 1, 1862:

Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act (37th United States Congress, Sess. 2., ch. 126, ) was a federal enactment of the United States Congress that was signed into law on July 1, 1862 by President Abraham Lincoln. Sponsored by Justin Smith Morrill of Vermo ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 126, * July 1, 1862:

Revenue Act of 1862 The Revenue Act of 1862 (July 1, 1862, Ch. 119, ), was a bill the United States Congress passed to help fund the American Civil War. President Abraham Lincoln signed the act into law on July 1, 1862. The act established the office of the Commissio ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 119, * July 1, 1862: Pacific Railway Act, Sess. 2, ch. 120, * July 2, 1862:

Morrill Land Grant Colleges Act The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges in U.S. states using the proceeds from sales of federally-owned land, often obtained from indigenous tribes through treaty, cession, or s ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 130, * July 17, 1862:

Militia Act of 1862 The Militia Act of 1862 (, enacted July 17, 1862) was an Act of the 37th United States Congress, during the American Civil War, that authorized a militia draft within a state when the state could not meet its quota with volunteers. The Act, fo ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 201, * February 25, 1863:

National Bank Act The National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864 were two United States federal banking acts that established a system of national banks, and created the United States National Banking System. They encouraged development of a national currency backed by ...

, Sess. 3, ch 58, * March 2, 1863:

False Claims Act The False Claims Act (FCA), also called the "Lincoln Law", is an American federal law that imposes liability on persons and companies (typically federal contractors) who defraud governmental programs. It is the federal government's primary litigat ...

, Sess. 3, ch. 67, * March 3, 1863: Enrollment Act, Sess. 3, ch. 75, * March 3, 1863: Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, Sess. 3, ch. 81, * March 3, 1863: Tenth Circuit Act,

States admitted and territories organized

States admitted

* December 31, 1862:

West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the B ...

admitted, Sess. 3, ch. 6, , pending a presidential proclamation. (It became a state on June 20, 1863)

Territories organized

* July 14, 1862:

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a state in the Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th-most extensive, ...

–

Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to it ...

boundary line moved to the east, enlarging Nevada and reducing Utah in size, Sess. 2, ch. 12, * February 24, 1863: Arizona Territory organized, Sess. 3, ch. 56, * March 3, 1863: Idaho Territory organized, Sess. 3, ch. 117,

States in rebellion

Congress did not accept

secession Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics le ...

. Most of the Representatives and Senators from states that attempted to secede left Congress; those who took part in the rebellion were expelled. * Secessions declared during previous Congress: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. **

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...

Congressional Districts LA 1 and 2, two of its four representatives remained seated in the 37th Congress. * Secessions declared during this Congress: ** April 17, 1861:

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...

(The pro-Union

's two senators were seated, along with duly elected Representatives for VA 1, 7, 10, 11 and 12, five of its 13 representatives in the House.) ** May 6, 1861:

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...

** May 20, 1861:

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...

** June 8, 1861:

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to th ...

(Sen. Andrew Johnson and three of the ten duly elected members of the House did not recognize secession and retained their seats in TN 2, 3 and 4.) Although secessionist factions passed resolutions of secession in

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

October 31, 1861, and in

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

November 20, 1861, their state delegations in the U.S. Congress remained in place, seven from Missouri and ten from Kentucky. Exile state governments resided with Confederate armies out-of-state, army-elected congressional representatives served as a solid pro-Jefferson Davis administration voting bloc in the Confederate Congress.

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Hannibal Hamlin Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 – July 4, 1891) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 15th vice president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term. He was the first Republican ...

(R) * President pro tempore: Solomon Foot (R) * Republican Conference Chairman: John P. Hale

House of Representatives

Speaker Speaker may refer to: Society and politics * Speaker (politics), the presiding officer in a legislative assembly * Public speaker, one who gives a speech or lecture * A person producing speech: the producer of a given utterance, especially: ** I ...

: Galusha A. Grow (R)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives by district. :'' Skip to House of Representatives, below''

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1866.

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = "Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,765 ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...

: 2. William K. Sebastian (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter : 3. Charles B. Mitchel (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...

: 1. Milton S. Latham (D) : 3.

James A. McDougall James Alexander McDougall (November 19, 1817 – September 3, 1867) was an American Lawyer, attorney and politician elected to statewide office in two U.S. states, then to the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate. ...

(D)

Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capita ...

: 1. James Dixon (R) : 3.

Lafayette S. Foster Lafayette Sabine Foster (November 22, 1806 – September 19, 1880) was a nineteenth-century American politician and lawyer from Connecticut. He served in the United States Senate from 1855 to 1867 and was a judge on the Connecticut Supreme C ...

(R)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent Del ...

: 1.

James A. Bayard Jr. James Asheton Bayard Jr. (November 15, 1799 – June 13, 1880) was an American lawyer and politician from Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party and served as U.S. Senator from Delaware. Early life Bayard was born in Wilmington, ...

(D) : 2.

Willard Saulsbury Sr. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (June 2, 1820 – April 6, 1892) was an American lawyer and politician from Georgetown, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic Party, who served as Attorney General of Delaware, U.S. Senator from Delaware and Chance ...

(D)

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

: 1. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rockf ...

: 2. Stephen A. Douglas (D), until June 3, 1861 :: Orville H. Browning (R), June 26, 1861 – January 12, 1863 :: William A. Richardson (D), from January 12, 1863 : 3.

(R)

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th s ...

: 1.

Jesse D. Bright Jesse David Bright (December 18, 1812 – May 20, 1875) was the ninth Lieutenant Governor of Indiana and U.S. Senator from Indiana who served as President pro tempore of the Senate on three occasions. He was the only senator from a Northern sta ...

(D), until February 5, 1862 ::

Joseph A. Wright Joseph Albert Wright (April 17, 1810 – May 11, 1867) was the List of governors of Indiana, tenth Governor of Indiana, governor of the U.S. state of Indiana from December 5, 1849, to January 12, 1857, most noted for his opposition to banking. ...

(U), February 24, 1862 – January 14, 1863 ::

David Turpie David Battle Turpie (July 8, 1828 – April 21, 1909) was an American politician who served as a Senator from Indiana from 1887 until 1899; he also served as Chairman of the Senate Democratic Caucus from 1898 to 1899 during the last year of his ...

(D), from January 14, 1863 : 3. Henry S. Lane (R)

Iowa Iowa () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wisconsin to the northeast, Illinois to th ...

: 2. James W. Grimes (R) : 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to th ...

: 2. James H. Lane (R), from April 4, 1861 : 3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R), from April 4, 1861

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

: 2. Lazarus W. Powell (D) : 3.

John C. Breckinridge John Cabell Breckinridge (January 16, 1821 – May 17, 1875) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier. He represented Kentucky in both houses of Congress and became the 14th and youngest-ever vice president of the United States. Serving ...

(D), until December 4, 1861 ::

Garrett Davis Garrett Davis (September 10, 1801 – September 22, 1872) was a U.S. Senator and Representative from Kentucky. Early life Born in Mount Sterling, Kentucky, Garrett Davis was the brother of Amos Davis. After completing preparatory studies, Dav ...

(U), from December 23, 1861

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and ...

: 1. Lot M. Morrill (R) : 2. William P. Fessenden (R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...

: 1.

Anthony Kennedy Anthony McLeod Kennedy (born July 23, 1936) is an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1988 until his retirement in 2018. He was nominated to the court in 1987 by Presid ...

(U) : 3. James Pearce (D), until December 20, 1862 :: Thomas H. Hicks (U), from December 29, 1862

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...

: 1.

Charles Sumner Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811March 11, 1874) was an American statesman and United States Senator from Massachusetts. As an academic lawyer and a powerful orator, Sumner was the leader of the anti-slavery forces in the state and a leader of th ...

(R) : 2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan Michigan () is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the List of U.S. states and ...

: 1. Zachariah Chandler (R) : 2. Kinsley S. Bingham (R), until October 5, 1861 :: Jacob M. Howard (R), from January 17, 1862

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

: 1. Henry M. Rice (D) : 2.

Morton S. Wilkinson Morton Smith Wilkinson (January 22, 1819February 4, 1894) was an American politician. Born in Skaneateles, New York, he moved to Illinois in 1837 and was employed in railroad work for two years. Upon returning to Skaneateles in 1840, he studied ...

(R)

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

: 1. Vacant : 2. Vacant

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

: 1. Trusten Polk (D), until January 10, 1862 ::

John B. Henderson John Brooks Henderson (November 16, 1826April 12, 1913) was a United States senator from Missouri and a co-author of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. For his role in the investigation of the Whiskey Ring, he was cons ...

(U), from January 17, 1862 : 3. Waldo P. Johnson (D), March 17, 1861 – January 10, 1862 :: Robert Wilson (U), from January 17, 1862

New Hampshire New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the nor ...

: 2. John P. Hale (R) : 3. Daniel Clark (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...

: 1. John R. Thomson (D), until September 12, 1862 :: Richard S. Field (R), November 21, 1862 – January 14, 1863 :: James W. Wall (D), from January 14, 1863 : 2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New York

: 1. Preston King (R) : 3. Ira Harris (R)

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...

: 2. Thomas Bragg (D), until March 6, 1861, vacant thereafter : 3. Thomas L. Clingman (D), until March 28, 1861, vacant thereafter

Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...

: 1.

Benjamin F. Wade Benjamin Franklin "Bluff" Wade (October 27, 1800March 2, 1878) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator for Ohio from 1851 to 1869. He is known for his leading role among the Radical Republicans.

(R) : 3. Salmon P. Chase (R), until March 7, 1861 ::

John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823October 22, 1900) was an American politician from Ohio throughout the Civil War and into the late nineteenth century. A member of the Republican Party, he served in both houses of the U.S. Congress. He also served as ...

(R), from March 21, 1861

Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idaho. T ...

: 2.

Edward D. Baker Edward Dickinson Baker (February 24, 1811October 21, 1861) was an American politician, lawyer, and US army officer. In his political career, Baker served in the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois and later as a U.S. Senator from Orego ...

(R), until October 21, 1861 :: Benjamin Stark (D), October 29, 1861 – September 12, 1862 :: Benjamin F. Harding (D), from September 12, 1862 : 3.

James W. Nesmith James Willis Nesmith (July 23, 1820 – June 17, 1885) was an American politician and lawyer from Oregon. Born in New Brunswick to American parents, he grew up in New Hampshire and Maine. A Democrat, he moved to Oregon Country in 1843 where he ...

(D)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

: 1.

Simon Cameron Simon Cameron (March 8, 1799June 26, 1889) was an American businessman and politician who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate and served as United States Secretary of War under President Abraham Lincoln at the start of the Americ ...

(R), until March 4, 1861 :: David Wilmot (R), from March 14, 1861 : 3. Edgar Cowan (R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area and the seventh-least populous, with slightly fewer than 1.1 million residents as of 2020, but it ...

: 1. James F. Simmons (R), until August 15, 1862 :: Samuel G. Arnold (R), from December 1, 1862 : 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina )'' Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to th ...

: 1. Andrew Johnson (D), until March 4, 1862, vacant thereafter : 2. Vacant

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

: 1. Louis T. Wigfall (D), until March 23, 1861, vacant thereafter : 2. John Hemphill (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter

Vermont Vermont () is a state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to ...

: 1. Solomon Foot (R) : 3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...

: 1. James M. Mason (D), until March 28, 1861 :: Waitman T. Willey (U), from July 9, 1861 : 2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D), until March 28, 1861 :: John S. Carlile (U), from July 9, 1861

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

: 1. James R. Doolittle (R) : 3. Timothy O. Howe (R) 37th United States Congress Senators

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives are listed by their districts.

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = "Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,765 ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Frederick F. Low (R), from June 3, 1862 : . Timothy G. Phelps (R) : . Aaron A. Sargent (R)

Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capita ...

: . Dwight Loomis (R) : . James E. English (D) : . Alfred A. Burnham (R) : . George C. Woodruff (D)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent Del ...

: .

George P. Fisher George Purnell Fisher (October 13, 1817 – February 10, 1899) was Attorney General of Delaware, Secretary of State of Delaware, a United States representative from Delaware and an United States federal judge, Associate Justice of the Supreme Co ...

(U)

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

: . Vacant

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rockf ...

: . Elihu B. Washburne (R) : . Isaac N. Arnold (R) : . Owen Lovejoy (R) : . William Kellogg (R) : . William A. Richardson (D), until January 29, 1863, vacant thereafter : .

John A. McClernand John Alexander McClernand (May 30, 1812 – September 20, 1900) was an American lawyer and politician, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War. He was a prominent Democratic politician in Illinois and a member of the United States H ...

(D), until October 28, 1861 :: Anthony L. Knapp (D), from December 12, 1861 : . James C. Robinson (D) : . Philip B. Fouke (D) : . John A. Logan (D), until April 2, 1862 :: William J. Allen (D), from June 2, 1862

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th s ...

: . John Law (D) : . James A. Cravens (D) : .

William McKee Dunn William McKee Dunn (December 12, 1814 – July 24, 1887) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana and the Judge Advocate General of the United States Army. Early life and career William McKee Dunn was born December 12, 1814, in Hanover in the Te ...

(R) : . William S. Holman (D) : .

George W. Julian George Washington Julian (May 5, 1817 – July 7, 1899) was a politician, lawyer, and writer from Indiana who served in the United States House of Representatives during the 19th century. A leading opponent of slavery, Julian was the Free Soi ...

(R) : .

Albert G. Porter Albert Gallatin Porter (April 20, 1824 – May 3, 1897) was an American politician who served as the 19th governor of Indiana from 1881 to 1885 and as a United States Congressman from 1859 to 1863. Originally a Democrat, he joined the Republica ...

(R) : . Daniel W. Voorhees (D) : . Albert S. White (R) : .

Schuyler Colfax Schuyler Colfax Jr. (; March 23, 1823 – January 13, 1885) was an American journalist, businessman, and politician who served as the 17th vice president of the United States from 1869 to 1873, and prior to that as the 25th speaker of the Hous ...

(R) : . William Mitchell (R) : . John P. C. Shanks (R)

Iowa Iowa () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wisconsin to the northeast, Illinois to th ...

: . Samuel Curtis (R), until August 4, 1861 :: James F. Wilson (R), from October 8, 1861 : . William Vandever (R)

Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to th ...

: . Martin F. Conway (R)

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

: . Henry C. Burnett (D), until December 3, 1861 ::

Samuel L. Casey Samuel Lewis Casey (February 12, 1821 – August 25, 1902) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky. Born near Caseyville, Kentucky, Casey attended the country schools. He engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1853, President of the United Stat ...

(U), from March 10, 1862 : .

James S. Jackson James Streshly Jackson (September 27, 1823 – October 8, 1862) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky and a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Born in Fayette County, Kentucky, Jackson pursued c ...

(U), until December 13, 1861 :: George H. Yeaman (U), from December 1, 1862 : . Henry Grider (U) : . Aaron Harding (U) : . Charles A. Wickliffe (U) : . George W. Dunlap (U) : . Robert Mallory (U) : .

John J. Crittenden John Jordan Crittenden (September 10, 1787 July 26, 1863) was an American statesman and politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky. He represented the state in the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate and twice served as Unite ...

(U) : .

William H. Wadsworth William Henry Wadsworth (July 4, 1821 – April 2, 1893) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky. Born in Maysville, Kentucky, Wadsworth attended town and county private schools. He studied law and graduated from Augusta College, Bracken Coun ...

(U) : . John W. Menzies (U)

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...

: . Benjamin F. Flanders (U), from December 3, 1862 : .

Michael Hahn George Michael Decker Hahn (November 24, 1830 – March 15, 1886), was an attorney, politician, publisher and planter in New Orleans, Louisiana. He served twice in Congress during two widely separated periods, elected first as a Unionist Democr ...

(U), from December 3, 1862 : . Vacant : . Vacant

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and ...

: .

John N. Goodwin John Noble Goodwin (October 18, 1824 – April 29, 1887) was a United States attorney and politician who served as the first Governor of Arizona Territory. He was also a Congressman from Maine and served as Arizona Territory's delegate to the Un ...

(R) : . Charles W. Walton (R), until May 26, 1862 :: Thomas A. D. Fessenden (R), from December 1, 1862 : . Samuel C. Fessenden (R) : . Anson P. Morrill (R) : .

John H. Rice John Hovey Rice (February 5, 1816 – March 14, 1911) was a U.S. Representative from Maine. Biography Born in Mount Vernon, Massachusetts (now in Maine), to Nathaniel and Mary Jane (Swazey) Rice, Rice attended the common schools. He served as ...

(R) : .

Frederick A. Pike Frederick Augustus Pike (December 9, 1816 – December 2, 1886) was a U.S. Representative from Maine. Biography Born in Calais, Massachusetts (now in Maine), Pike attended the common schools and the Washington Academy, East Machias, Maine. ...

(R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...

: . John W. Crisfield (U) : . Edwin H. Webster (U) : . Cornelius L. L. Leary (U) : . Henry May (U) : . Francis Thomas (U) : . Charles B. Calvert (U)

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...

: . Thomas D. Eliot (R) : .

James Buffington James Lawrence Buffington (born May 15, 1922, Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania; died July 20, 1981, Englewood, New Jersey) was an Americans, American jazz, studio, and classical French horn, hornist. Buffington was a busy studio and jazz player on ...

(R) : . Charles F. Adams Sr. (R), until May 1, 1861 :: Benjamin Thomas (U), from June 11, 1861 : . Alexander H. Rice (R) : . William Appleton (CU), until September 27, 1861 :: Samuel Hooper (R), from December 2, 1861 : . John B. Alley (R) : . Daniel W. Gooch (R) : . Charles R. Train (R) : . Goldsmith F. Bailey (R), until May 8, 1862 :: Amasa Walker (R), from December 1, 1862 : . Charles Delano (R) : . Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan Michigan () is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the List of U.S. states and ...

: . Bradley F. Granger (R) : . Fernando C. Beaman (R) : . Francis W. Kellogg (R) : . Rowland E. Trowbridge (R)

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Cyrus Aldrich (R) : .

William Windom William Windom (May 10, 1827January 29, 1891) was an American politician from Minnesota. He served as U.S. Representative from 1859 to 1869, and as U.S. Senator from 1870 to January 1871, from March 1871 to March 1881, and from November 1881 ...

(R)

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

: . Francis P. Blair Jr. (R) : .

James S. Rollins James Sidney Rollins (April 19, 1812 – January 9, 1888) was a nineteenth-century Missouri politician and lawyer. He helped establish the University of Missouri, led the successful effort to get it located in Boone County, and gained funding ...

(CU) : . John B. Clark (D), until July 13, 1861 ::

William A. Hall William Augustus Hall (October 15, 1815 – December 15, 1888) was an American politician who served in the US House of Representatives. He was the brother of Missouri Governor and Representative Willard Preble Hall and the father of Representati ...

(D), from January 20, 1862 : . Elijah H. Norton (D) : . John W. Reid (D), until August 3, 1861 :: Thomas L. Price (D), from January 21, 1862 : . John S. Phelps (D) : . John W. Noell (D)

New Hampshire New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the nor ...

: .

Gilman Marston Gilman Marston (August 20, 1811July 3, 1890) was a United States representative, Senator, and United States Army general from New Hampshire. Early life Marston was born in Orford, New Hampshire. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1837 and fr ...

(R) : . Edward H. Rollins (R) : . Thomas M. Edwards (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...

: . John T. Nixon (R) : . John L. N. Stratton (R) : .

William G. Steele William Gaston Steele (December 17, 1820, Somerville, New Jersey – April 22, 1892, Somerville, New Jersey) was an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 3rd congressional district from 1861 to 1865. Steele was ...

(D) : . George T. Cobb (D) : . Nehemiah Perry (D)

New York

: . Edward H. Smith (D) : .

Moses F. Odell Moses Fowler Odell (February 24, 1818 – June 13, 1866) was a two term United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from New York (state), New York during the American Civil War. Biography Born in Tarrytown, New York, Odell com ...

(D) : . Benjamin Wood (D) : . James E. Kerrigan (ID) : . William Wall (R) : . Frederick A. Conkling (R) : . Elijah Ward (D) : . Isaac C. Delaplaine (D) : . Edward Haight (D) : . Charles H. Van Wyck (R) : . John B. Steele (D) : . Stephen Baker (R) : . Abram B. Olin (R) : .

Erastus Corning Erastus Corning (December 14, 1794 – April 9, 1872) was an American businessman and politician from Albany, New York. A Democrat, he was most notable for his service as mayor of Albany from 1834 to 1837, in the New York State Senate from 1842 ...

(D) : . James B. McKean (R) : . William A. Wheeler (R) : .

Socrates N. Sherman Socrates Norton Sherman (July 22, 1801 – February 1, 1873) was a U.S. Representative from New York, a physician, and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Born in Barre, Vermont, Sherman attended the local ...

(R) : . Chauncey Vibbard (D) : .

Richard Franchot Richard Hansen Franchot (June 2, 1816 – November 23, 1875) was a U.S. Representative from New York and then an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was also an executive of two railroad companies, Albany and Susqu ...

(R) : .

Roscoe Conkling Roscoe Conkling (October 30, 1829April 18, 1888) was an American lawyer and Republican politician who represented New York in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. He is remembered today as the leader of the ...

(R) : . R. Holland Duell (R) : . William E. Lansing (R) : . Ambrose W. Clark (R) : . Charles B. Sedgwick (R) : .

Theodore M. Pomeroy Theodore Medad Pomeroy (December 31, 1824 – March 23, 1905) was an American businessman and politician from New York who served as the 26th speaker of the United States House of Representatives for one day, from March 3, 1869, to March 4, 1869 ...

(R) : . Jacob P. Chamberlain (R) : .

Alexander S. Diven Alexander Samuel Diven (February 10, 1809 – June 11, 1896) was an American politician from New York and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Born in Catharine, New York, Diven attended the common schools and t ...

(R) : . Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (R) : . Alfred Ely (R) : .

Augustus Frank Augustus Frank (July 17, 1826 – April 29, 1895) was an American merchant, railroad executive, banker and politician. He served as a United States representative from the U.S. state of New York during the American Civil War. Early life ...

(R) : .

Burt Van Horn Burt Van Horn (October 28, 1823 – April 1, 1896) was a United States representative from New York during the American Civil War. He served New York's 31st District from 1861 to 1863, and the 29th District from 1865 to 1869. He was a staun ...

(R) : . Elbridge G. Spaulding (R) : .

Reuben Fenton Reuben Eaton Fenton (July 4, 1819August 25, 1885) was an American merchant and politician from New York. In the mid- 19th Century, he served as a U.S. Representative, a U.S. Senator, and as Governor of New York. Early life Fenton was bor ...

(R)

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...

: .

George H. Pendleton George Hunt Pendleton (July 19, 1825November 24, 1889) was an American politician and lawyer. He represented Ohio in both houses of Congress and was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1864. After study ...

(D) : . John A. Gurley (R) : . Clement Vallandigham (D) : .

William Allen William Allen may refer to: Politicians United States *William Allen (congressman) (1827–1881), United States Representative from Ohio *William Allen (governor) (1803–1879), U.S. Representative, Senator, and 31st Governor of Ohio *William ...

(D) : .

James M. Ashley James Mitchell Ashley (November 14, 1824September 16, 1896) was an American politician and abolitionist. A member of the Republican Party, Ashley served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio during the American Civ ...

(R) : . Chilton A. White (D) : . Thomas Corwin (R), until March 12, 1861 :: Richard A. Harrison (U), from July 4, 1861 : . Samuel Shellabarger (R) : . Warren P. Noble (D) : . Carey A. Trimble (R) : . Valentine B. Horton (R) : . Samuel S. Cox (D) : .

(R), until March 21, 1861 ::

Samuel T. Worcester Samuel Thomas Worcester (August 30, 1804 – December 6, 1882) was an American lawyer and politician who served one term as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1861 to 1863. Biography Born in Hollis, Ne ...

(R), from July 4, 1861 : . Harrison G. O. Blake (R) : . Robert H. Nugen (D) : . William P. Cutler (R) : . James R. Morris (D) : . Sidney Edgerton (R) : . Albert G. Riddle (R) : . John Hutchins (R) : . John Bingham (R)

Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idaho. T ...

: . Andrew J. Thayer (D), until July 30, 1861 :: George K. Shiel (D), from July 30, 1861

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

: . William E. Lehman (D) : .

Edward Joy Morris Edward Joy Morris (July 16, 1815December 31, 1881) was a Whig and Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Biography Morris was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He attended the common schools and the Univ ...

(R), until June 8, 1861 :: Charles J. Biddle (D), from July 2, 1861 : . John P. Verree (R) : . William D. Kelley (R) : .

William Morris Davis William Morris Davis (February 12, 1850 – February 5, 1934) was an American geographer, geologist, geomorphologist, and meteorologist, often called the "father of American geography". He was born into a prominent Quaker family in Philadelphia, ...

(R) : . John Hickman (R) : . Thomas B. Cooper (D), until April 4, 1862 :: John D. Stiles (D), from June 3, 1862 : . Sydenham E. Ancona (D) : .

Thaddeus Stevens Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792August 11, 1868) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania, one of the leaders of the Radical Republican faction of the Republican Party during the 1860s. A fierce opponent of sla ...

(R) : . John W. Killinger (R) : . James H. Campbell (R) : . George W. Scranton (R), until March 24, 1861 :: Hendrick B. Wright (D), from July 4, 1861 : .

Philip Johnson Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8, 1906 – January 25, 2005) was an American architect best known for his works of modern and postmodern architecture. Among his best-known designs are his modernist Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut; the po ...

(D) : . Galusha A. Grow (R) : . James T. Hale (R) : . Joseph Bailey (D) : .

Edward McPherson Edward McPherson (July 31, 1830 – December 14, 1895) was an American newspaper editor and politician who served two terms in the United States House of Representatives, as well as multiple terms as the Clerk of the House of Representative ...

(R) : . Samuel S. Blair (R) : . John Covode (R) : . Jesse Lazear (D) : .

James K. Moorhead James Kennedy Moorhead (September 7, 1806 – March 6, 1884) was a Republican Party (United States), Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Biography James K. Moorhead was born in Halifax, Pennsylvania. He ...

(R) : . Robert McKnight (R) : . John W. Wallace (R) : . John Patton (R) : . Elijah Babbitt (R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area and the seventh-least populous, with slightly fewer than 1.1 million residents as of 2020, but it ...

: . William P. Sheffield (U) : . George H. Browne (U)

South Carolina )'' Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to th ...

: . Vacant : . Horace Maynard (U) : . George W. Bridges (U), from February 25, 1863 : . Andrew J. Clements (U) : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant

Vermont Vermont () is a state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to ...

: . Eliakim P. Walton (R) : . Justin S. Morrill (R) : . Portus Baxter (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...

: . Joseph E. Segar (U), from May 6, 1862''Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, (1774–2005)'',
Official Annotated Membership Roster by State with Vacancy and Special Election Information for the 37th Congress
". : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Charles H. Upton (U), July 4, 1861 – February 27, 1862 :: Lewis McKenzie (U), from February 16, 1863 : . Vacant : . Vacant : . William G. Brown Sr. (U) : . John S. Carlile (U), until July 9, 1861 :: Jacob B. Blair (U), from December 2, 1861 : .

Kellian Whaley Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley (May 6, 1821 – May 20, 1876) was a nineteenth-century lumberman and congressman from Virginia before the American Civil War and West Virginia after the state's creation. During the Civil War, Whaley was major of ...

(U) : . Vacant

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

: . John F. Potter (R) : . Luther Hanchett (R), until November 24, 1862 :: Walter D. McIndoe (R), from January 26, 1863 : . A. Scott Sloan (R)

Non-voting members

: . Hiram P. Bennet (R), from August 19, 1861 : . John B. S. Todd (D), from December 9, 1861 : . Samuel G. Daily (R) : . John Cradlebaugh (I), from December 2, 1861 : . John S. Watts (R) : . John M. Bernhisel (I) : . William H. Wallace (R) 37 us house membership

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

, - ,

(3) , Vacant , Did not take seat until after Congress commenced. , nowrap , Waldo P. Johnson (D) , March 17, 1861 , - ,

Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to th ...

(2) , Vacant , Election not recognized by US Senate. , nowrap , James H. Lane (R) , April 4, 1861 , - ,

(3) , Vacant , Election not recognized by the Senate. , nowrap , Samuel C. Pomeroy (R) , April 4, 1861 , - ,

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 4, 1861, to become

Secretary of War The secretary of war was a member of the U.S. president's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration. A similar position, called either "Secretary at War" or "Secretary of War", had been appointed to serve the Congress of the ...

.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , David Wilmot (R) , March 14, 1861 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Thomas Bragg (D) , WithdrewWithdrawal" meant that these senators announced they were withdrawing from the Senate due to their states' decisions to secede from the Union. Their seats were later declared vacant by the Senate, but some seats were actually unfilled since the beginning of this Congress on March 4, 1861. March 6, 1861; expelled later in 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...

(3) , nowrap , Salmon P. Chase (R) , Resigned March 7, 1861, to become

Secretary of the Treasury The United States secretary of the treasury is the head of the United States Department of the Treasury, and is the chief financial officer of the federal government of the United States. The secretary of the treasury serves as the principal a ...

.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , March 21, 1861 , - ,

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

(1) , nowrap , Louis T. Wigfall (D) , Withdrew March 23, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Thomas L. Clingman (D) , Withdrew March 28, 1861; expelled later in 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Robert M. T. Hunter (D) , Withdrew March 28, 1861, and later expelled for support of the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , John S. Carlile (U) , July 9, 1861 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , James M. Mason (D) , Expelled March 28, 1861, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Waitman T. Willey (U) , July 9, 1861 , - ,

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rockf ...

(2) , nowrap , Stephen A. Douglas (D) , Died June 3, 1861.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Orville H. Browning (R) , June 26, 1861 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , John Hemphill (D) , Expelled sometime in July 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Orville H. Browning (R) , Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected January 12, 1863. , nowrap , William A. Richardson (D) , January 30, 1863 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , William K. Sebastian (D) , Expelled July 11, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Charles B. Mitchel (D) , Expelled July 11, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Michigan Michigan () is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the List of U.S. states and ...

(2) , nowrap , Kinsley S. Bingham (R) , Died October 5, 1861.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Jacob M. Howard (R) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idaho. T ...

(2) , nowrap ,

(R) , Killed at

Battle of Ball's Bluff The Battle of Ball's Bluff was an early battle of the American Civil War fought in Loudoun County, Virginia, on October 21, 1861, in which Union Army forces under Major General George B. McClellan suffered a humiliating defeat. The operation wa ...

October 21, 1861.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Benjamin Stark (D) , October 29, 1861 , - ,

(3) , nowrap ,

(D) , Expelled December 4, 1861, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(U) , December 23, 1861 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Trusten Polk (D) , Expelled January 10, 1862, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(U) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Waldo P. Johnson (D) , Expelled January 10, 1862, for disloyalty to the government.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Robert Wilson (U) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th s ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , Expelled February 5, 1862, on charges of disloyalty.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(U) , February 24, 1862 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Andrew Johnson (D) , Resigned March 4, 1862. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area and the seventh-least populous, with slightly fewer than 1.1 million residents as of 2020, but it ...

(1) , nowrap , James F. Simmons (R) , Resigned August 15, 1862.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Samuel G. Arnold (R) , December 1, 1862 , - ,

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...

(1) , nowrap , John R. Thomson (D) , Died September 12, 1862.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Richard S. Field (R) , November 21, 1862 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Benjamin Stark (D) , Retired September 12, 1862, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , Benjamin F. Harding (D) , September 12, 1862 , - ,

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...

(3) , nowrap , James Pearce (D) , Died December 20, 1862.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Thomas H. Hicks (U) , December 29, 1862 , - ,

(1) , nowrap ,

(U) , Retired January 14, 1863, upon election of a successor. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 14, 1863 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Richard S. Field (R) , Retired January 14, 1863, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , James W. Wall (D) , January 14, 1863

House of Representatives

, - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , Hiram P. Bennett (Conservative R) , August 19, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , John Cradlebaugh (I) , December 2, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , John B. S. Todd (D) , December 9, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Benjamin F. Flanders (U) , December 3, 1862 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap ,

(U) , December 3, 1862 , - , , Vacant , Representative-elect George W. Bridges was arrested by Confederate troops while en route to Washington, D.C. and held prisoner before he escaped. , nowrap , George W. Bridges (U) , February 25, 1863 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Joseph E. Segar (U) , May 6, 1862 , - , , Vacant , Low not permitted to take seat, qualified later under special act of Congress, , nowrap , Frederick F. Low (R) , June 3, 1862 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Charles H. Upton (U) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Thomas Corwin (R) , Resigned March 12, 1861, to become Minister to Mexico. , nowrap , Richard A. Harrison (U) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 12, 1861, when elected U.S. Senator. , nowrap ,

(R) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , George W. Scranton (R) , Died March 24, 1861. , nowrap , Hendrick B. Wright (D) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Charles F. Adams Sr. (R) , Resigned May 1, 1861, to become Ambassador to Great Britain. , nowrap , Benjamin Thomas (U) , June 11, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned June 8, 1861, to become Minister Resident to Turkey. , nowrap , Charles J. Biddle (D) , July 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John S. Carlile (U) , Resigned July 9, 1861, to become United States Senator from the loyal faction of Virginia. , nowrap , Jacob B. Blair (U) , December 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

John Bullock Clark John Bullock Clark Sr. (April 17, 1802 – October 29, 1885) was a politician who served as a member of the United States Congress and Confederate Congress. Early life and education John B. Clark Sr. was born in Madison County, Kentucky, a ...

(D) , Expelled July 13, 1861, for having taken up arms against the Union. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 20, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Andrew J. Thayer (D) , Election was successfully contested July 30, 1861. , nowrap , George K. Shiel (D) , July 30, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John W. Reid (D) , Withdrew August 3, 1861, and then expelled December 2, 1861, for having taken up arms against the Union. , nowrap , Thomas L. Price (D) , January 21, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Samuel Curtis (R) , Resigned August 4, 1861, to become colonel of the 2nd Iowa Infantry. , nowrap , James F. Wilson (R) , October 8, 1861 , - , , nowrap , William Appleton (CU) , Resigned September 27, 1861, due to failing health. , nowrap , Samuel Hooper (R) , December 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned October 28, 1861, to accept a commission as brigadier general of volunteers for service in the Civil War. , nowrap , Anthony L. Knapp (D) , December 12, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Henry C. Burnett (D) , Expelled December 3, 1861, for support of secession. , nowrap ,

(U) , March 10, 1862 , - , , nowrap ,

(U) , Resigned December 13, 1861, to enter the Union Army. , nowrap , George H. Yeaman (U) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Charles H. Upton (U) , Declared not entitled to seat February 27, 1862. , nowrap , Lewis McKenzie (U) , February 16, 1863 , - , , nowrap , John A. Logan (D) , Resigned April 2, 1862, to enter the Union Army. , nowrap , William J. Allen (D) , June 2, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Thomas B. Cooper (D) , Died April 4, 1862. , nowrap , John D. Stiles (D) , June 3, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Goldsmith F. Bailey (R) , Died May 8, 1862. , nowrap , Amasa Walker (R) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Charles W. Walton (R) , Resigned May 26, 1862, to become associate justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court. , nowrap , Thomas A. D. Fessenden (R) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Luther Hanchett (R) , Died November 24, 1862. , nowrap , Walter D. McIndoe (R) , January 26, 1863 , - , , nowrap , William A. Richardson (D) , Resigned January 29, 1863, after being elected to the U.S. Senate. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter

Committees

Senate

Standing committees of the Senate resolved, Friday, March 8, 1861

Foreign Relations A state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through m ...

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) *

James Rood Doolittle James Rood Doolittle (January 3, 1815July 27, 1897) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1869. He was a strong supporter of President Abraham Lincoln's administration during the ...

(R-Wisconsin) * Ira Harris (R-New York) * Stephen A. Douglas (D-Illinois) * Trusten Polk (D-Missouri) *

(D-Kentucky)

Finance

* William P. Fessenden (R-Maine) (Chairman) * James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) *

(R-Massachusetts) * Timothy O. Howe (R-Wisconsin) * Robert M. T. Hunter (D-Virginia) * James Pearce (D-Maryland) *

(D-Indiana)

Commerce Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions directly and indirectly related to the exchange (buying and selling) of goods and services among two or more parties within local, regional, nation ...

* Zachariah Chandler (R-Michigan) (Chairman) * Preston King (R-New York) * Lot Morrill (R-Maine) * Henry Wilson (R-Massachusetts) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina) * Samuel G. Arnold (R-Rhode Island) * Willard Saulsbury Jr. (D-North Carolina) * Andrew Johnson (D-Tennsessee)

Military Affairs and Militia

* Henry Wilson (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Preston King (R-New York) *

(R-Oregon) * Henry S. Lane (R-Indiana) * James H. Lane (R-Kansas) * Henry M. Rice (R-Minnesota) * Milton S. Latham (D-California) *

John Breckinridge John Breckinridge or Breckenridge may refer to: * John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General) (1760–1806), U.S. Senator and U.S. Attorney General * John C. Breckinridge (1821–1875), U.S. Representative and Senator, 14th Vice President of the Unit ...

(D-Kentucky) * Jacob M. Howard (R-Michigan)

Naval Affairs

* John P. Hale (R-New Hampshire) (Chairman) * James W. Grimes (R-Iowa) * Solomon Foot (R-Vermont) * Edgar Cowan (R-New Hampshire) * John Renshaw Thomson (R-New Jersey) *

(U-Maryland) * Richard Stockton Field (R-New Jersey) *

(D-Ohio)

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

(R-Ohio) (Chairman) *

(R-Connecticut) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New Jersey) * Jacob M. Howard (R-Michigan) * Ira Harris (R-New York) * Edgar Cowan (R-Pennsylvania) *

(D-Delaware) * Lazarus W. Powell (D-Kentucky) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina)

Post Offices and Post Roads

* Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) (Chairman) * James Dixon (R-Connecticut) *

Benjamin Wade Benjamin Franklin "Bluff" Wade (October 27, 1800March 2, 1878) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator for Ohio from 1851 to 1869. He is known for his leading role among the Radical Republicans.

(R-Connecticut) *

(R-Illinois) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) *

(D-Indiana) * Milton S. Latham (D-California)

Public Lands In all modern states, a portion of land is held by central or local governments. This is called public land, state land, or Crown land (Australia, and Canada). The system of tenure of public land, and the terminology used, varies between countrie ...

* James Harlan (R-Iowa) (Chairman) * Kinsley S. Bingham (R-Michigan) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) *

(R-Minnesota) * Andrew Johnson (D-Tennsessee) *

(U-Indiana) * Benjamin F. Harding (D-Oregon) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia)

Private Land Claims

* Ira Harris (R-New York) (Chairman) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New York) *

(R-New York) * Trusten Polk (D-Missouri) *

(D-Delaware) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire)

Indian Affairs The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to American Indians and Al ...

(R-Wisconsin) (Chairman) *

(D-Oregon) * Edgar Cowan (D-Pennsylvania) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New Jersey) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) *

(D-Oregon)

Pensions

(R-Michigan) (Chairman) * Kinsley S. Bingham (R-Minnesota) * Henry S. Lane (R-Indiana) * James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) *

(D-Delaware) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas) * Waitman T. Willey (U-Virginia)

Revolutionary Claims

* Preston King (R-New York) (Chairman) * Zachariah Chandler (R-Michigan) *

(D-Minnesota) * John P. Hale (R-New Hampshire) *

(D-Oregon)

Claims

* Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) (Chairman) * James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) * Timothy O. Howe (R-Wisconsin) * Edgar Cowan (R-Pennsylvania) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) * Trusten Polk (D-Missouri) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas) * Richard Stockton Field (R-New Jersey) * David Wilmot (R-Pennsylvania) * Milton S. Latham (D-California)

District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

* James W. Grimes (R-Iowa) (Chairman) * Henry B. Anthony (R-Rhode Island) * Lot Morrill (R-Maine) *

(R-Ohio) *

(U-Maryland) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina) *

(D-Missouri)

Patents and Patent Office

* James F. Simmons (R-Rhode Island) (Chairman) *

(R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Wisconsin) * Edgar Cowan (R-Pennsylvania) * John R. Thomson (D-New Jersey) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) *

(D-Delaware) * Richard Stockton Field (R-New Jersey)

Public Buildings and Grounds

* Solomon Foot (R-Vermont) (Chairman) * James Dixon (R-Connecticut) * Zachariah Chandler (R-Michigan) *

(D-Indiana) *

(U-Maryland) *

(D-Missouri)

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, particularly belonging or connected to a country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually either the total area from which a state may extract power resources or a ...

* James Mitchell Ashley (R-Ohio) (Chairman) *

(R-Minnesota) * Edgar Cowan (R-Pennsylvania) * John P. Hale (R-New Hampshire) * Stephen A. Douglas (D-Illinois) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia) *

Orville Hickman Browning Orville Hickman Browning (February 10, 1806 – August 10, 1881) was an attorney in Illinois and a politician who was active in the Whig and Republican Parties. He is notable for his service as a U.S. Senator and the United States Secreta ...

(R-Illinois) * Andrew Johnson (D-Tennessee) * Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-Kansas)

Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

* James Dixon (R-Connecticut) (Chairman) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) * Andrew Johnson (D-Tennessee) * Benjamin F. Harding (D-Oregon)

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

* Henry B. Anthony (R-Rhode Island) (Chairman) * James Harlan (R-Iowa) * Lazarus W. Powell (D-Kentucky)

Engrossed Bills

* James H. Lane (R-Kansas) (Chairman) * Lot Morrill (R-Maryland) * Samuel G. Arnold (R-Rhode Island) * Charles B. Mitchel (D-Arkansas)

Enrolled Bills

* Kinsley S. Bingham (R-Michigan) (Chairman) *

(R-Oregon) * Waitman T. Willey (U-Virginia) *

(D-Delaware)

The Library

* James Pearce (D-Maryland) (Chairman) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) * William P. Fessenden (R-Maine)

Order in the Galleries (Select)

* Henry B. Anthony (R-Rhode Island) *

James Murray Mason James Murray Mason (November 3, 1798April 28, 1871) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as senator from Virginia, having previously represented Frederick County, Virginia, in the Virginia House of Delegates. A grandson of George Ma ...

(D-Virginia) *

(R-Ohio)

House of Representatives

Members by committee assignments, Congressional Globe, as published July 8, 1861 Spellings conform to those found in the Congressional Biographical Dictionary. Unless otherwise noted, all committees listed are Standing, as found at the Library of Congress

Accounts

* James Buffinton (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Edward H. Rollins (R-New Hampshire) * William E. Lehman (D-Pennsylvania) *

(R-Ohio) * George W. Dunlap (U-Kentucky)

Agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people t ...

* Owen Lovejoy (R-Illinois) * Dwight Loomis (R-Connecticut) * Charles B. Calvert (U-Maryland) * Edward H. Smith (R-New York) * Jacob P. Chamberlain (R-New York) * John P.C. Shanks (R-Indiana) * Joseph Bailey (D-Pennsylvania) *

(R-Ohio) * Cyrus Aldrich (R-Minnesota)

Claims

* Reuben E. Fenton (R-New York) * Eliakim Persons Walton (R-Vermont) * William S. Holman (D-Indiana) * John Hutchins (R-Ohio) * James T. Hale (R-Pennsylvania) * John W. Noell (D-Missouri) * R. Holland Duell (R-New York) * Edwin H. Webster (U-Maryland) * John W. Wallace (R-Pennsylvania)

Commerce Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions directly and indirectly related to the exchange (buying and selling) of goods and services among two or more parties within local, regional, nation ...

* Elihu B. Washburne (R-Illinois) (Chairman) * Thomas D. Eliot (R-Massachusetts) * Elijah Ward (D-New York) * John T. Nixon (R-New Jersey) * Elijah Babbitt (R-Pennsylvania) * John A. Gurley (R-Ohio) *

(CU-Missouri) * Cornelius L. L. Leary (U-Maryland) * William P. Sheffield (R-Rhode Island)

Confiscation of Rebel Property (Select)

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

(R-Ohio) * Charles B. Calvert (U-Maryland) *

(R-Ohio) * Edward H. Rollins (R-New Hampshire) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Charles H. Upton (U-Virginia)

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold Public administration, public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative ...

* Henry L. Dawes (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * James H. Campbell (R-Pennsylvania) * Daniel W. Voorhees (D-Indiana) * James B. McKean (R-New York) * Dwight Loomis (R-Connecticut) * Portus Baxter (R-Vermont) * George H. Browne (D-Rhode Island) * John W. Menzies (D-Vermont)

Emancipation Emancipation generally means to free a person from a previous restraint or legal disability. More broadly, it is also used for efforts to procure economic and social rights, political rights or equality, often for a specifically disenfranch ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Expenditures in the State Department

* James B. McKean (R-New York) (Chairman) * James C. Robinson (D-Illinois) * John T. Nixon (R-New Jersey) * William Vandever (R-Iowa) * Charles H. Upton (U-Virginia)

Expenditures in the Treasury Department

(D-New York) (Chairman) * James H. Campbell (R-Pennsylvania) * John A. Bingham (R-Ohio) * Alexander H. Rice (R-Massachusetts) *

(D-New Jersey)

Expenditures in the War Department

* William A. Wheeler (R-New York) * Samuel R. Curtis (R-Iowa) * Chauncey Vibbard (D-New York) * William Mitchell (R-Indiana) *

(CU-Maryland)

Expenditures in the Post Office Department

* John W. Killinger (R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Charles A. Wickliffe (U-Kentucky) * Carey A. Trimble (R-Ohio) * Francis W. Kellogg (R-Michigan) * Edward H. Smith (D-New York)

Expenditures in the Interior Department

(D-Ohio) (Chairman) * Martin F. Conway (R-Kansas) *

(R-New York) * Samuel Shellabarger (R-Ohio) * Thomas B. Cooper (D-Pennsylvania)

Finance

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Foreign Affairs

:Also known as

Foreign Relations A state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through m ...

(U-Kentucky) * Daniel W. Gooch (R-Massachusetts) * Samuel S. Cox (D-Ohio) * Albert S. White (R-Indiana) * Robert McKnight (R-Pennsylvania) * Alfred A. Burnham (R-Pennsylvania) * Francis Thomas (R-Maryland) *

(R-New York) *

(R-Delaware)

Indian Affairs The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to American Indians and Al ...

* Cyrus Aldrich (R-Minnesota) (Chairman) * Thomas M. Edwards (R-New Hampshire) * Robert Mallory (U-Kentucky) * Martin F. Conway (R-Kansas) * William Mitchell (R-Indiana) *

(D-New York) * William E. Lansing (R-New York) * John Patton (R-Pennsylvania) * Andrew J. Thayer (D-Oregon)

Invalid Pensions

* Alfred Ely (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-New York) * John A. Logan (R-Illinois) * Richard A. Harrison (U-Ohio) * William P. Cutler (R-Ohio) *

Kellian V. Whaley Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley (May 6, 1821 – May 20, 1876) was a nineteenth-century lumberman and congressman from Virginia before the American Civil War and West Virginia after the state's creation. During the Civil War, Whaley was major ...

(U-Virginia) *

(D-Maine) * Benjamin Wood (D-New York) * George T. Cobb (D-New Jersey)

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

(R-Indiana) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia) * Benjamin F. Thomas (U-Massachusetts) * Henry May (U-Maryland) *

(R-New York)

Lake and River Defences

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Manufactures Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a rang ...

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * John Hutchins (R-Ohio) (Chairman) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Edward Haight (R-New York) * John B. Alley (R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Indiana) * Alfred Ely (R-New York) * Isaac N. Arnold (R-Illinois) * Sydenham E. Ancona (D-Pennsylvania) * William G. Brown (D-Virginia)

Mileage

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * James C. Robinson (D-Illinois) (Chairman) * John W. Killinger (R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-New York) * Henry Grider (R-Kentucky) * Benjamin Wood (D-New York)

Military Affairs ''The Journal of Military History'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the military history of all times and places. It is the official journal of the Society for Military History. The journal was established in 1937 and the ed ...

:Also known as

Military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

* Francis P. Blair Jr. (R-Missouri) (Chairman) * William A. Richardson (D-Illinois) * James Buffinton (R-Massachusetts) * Abram B. Olin (R-New York) *

(D-Ohio) *

(R-New Hampshire) * Hendrick B. Wright (R-Massachusetts) *

(U-Kentucky)

Military Railroad

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Militia A militia () is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional soldiers, citizens of a country, or subjects of a state, who may perform military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of r ...

:Also known as Military Affairs and the Militia * Robert B. Van Valkenburg (R-New York) (Chairman) * William M. Dunn (R-Indiana) * Sydenham E. Ancona (D-Indiana) * Charles Delano (D-Republican) * Charles J. Biddle (D-Pennsylvania) * Richard A. Harrison (U-Ohio) * William G. Brown (D-Virginia) * William P. Cutler (R-Ohio) *

(R-Maine)

Naval Affairs

* Charles B. Sedgwick (R-New York) (Chairman) * Alexander H. Rice (R-Massachusetts) * Philip B. Fouke (R-Illinois) *

(R-Massachusetts) * James E. English (R-Connecticut) * John P. Verree (R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-Maine) * Frederick A. Conkling (R-New York) *

(R-Kentucky)

Niagara Ship Canal (Select)

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861'' *

, Chairman (R-New York)

Pacific Railroad The Pacific Railroad (not to be confused with Union Pacific Railroad) was a railroad based in Missouri. It was a predecessor of both the Missouri Pacific Railroad and St. Louis-San Francisco Railway. The Pacific was chartered by Missouri in 1849 ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Patents

:Also known as Patents and Patent Office * William M. Dunn (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-Maine) * Stephen Baker (R-New York) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Warren P. Noble (D-Ohio)

Pensions

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Post Offices and Post Roads

* Schuler Colfax (R-Indiana) (Chairman) * John B. Alley (R-Massachusetts) * Charles A. Wickliffe (U-Kentucky) * Anson P. Morrill (R-Maine) *

(R-Minnesota) * Harrison G. Blake (R-Ohio) * Chauncey Vibbard (D-New York) * Rowland E. Trowbridge (R-Michigan) * Elijah H. Norton (R-Missouri)

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

:Also known as Joint Committee on Printing * Eliakim Persons Walton (R-Vermont) * Ambrose W. Clark (R-New York) * Joseph Bailey (D-Pennsylvania)

Private Land Claims

* John W. Noell (D-Missouri) * Luther Hanchett (R-Wisconsin) *

(R-New York) * John P. C. Shanks (R-Indiana) * Charles W. Walton (R-Maine) * Samuel Shellabarger (R-Ohio) * Jesse Lazear (D-Pennsylvania)

Public Lands In all modern states, a portion of land is held by central or local governments. This is called public land, state land, or Crown land (Australia, and Canada). The system of tenure of public land, and the terminology used, varies between countrie ...

* John F. Potter (R-Wisconsin) (Chairman) * John Covode (R-Pennsylvania) * Clement L. Vallandingham (D-Ohio) *

(R-Indiana) * Carey A. Trimble (R-Ohio) * William Vandever (R-Iowa) * Francis W. Kellogg (R-Alabama) * John W. Crisfield (R-Maryland) * George C. Woodruff (D-Connecticut)

Public Buildings and Grounds

* Charles R. Train (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Owen Lovejoy (R-Illinois) * Isaac C. Delaplaine (D-New York) * Robert McKnight (R-Pennsylvania) * James R. Morris (D-Ohio)

Public Expenditures

* John Covode (R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Thomas M. Edwards (R-New Hampshire) * James E. Kerrigan (D-New York) * Charles R. Train (R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Minnesota) * Edwin H. Webster (U-Maryland) *

(R-Indiana) * Luther Hanchett (R-Wisconsin) * Chilton A. White (D-Ohio)

Revised and Unfinished Business

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * John A. Logan (D-Illinois) * Elijah Babbitt (R-Pennsylvania) * John W. Menzies (U-Kentucky) * Samuel C. Fessenden (R-Maine) * Edward Haight (D-New York)

Revolutionary Claims

* R. Holland Duell (R-New York) (Chairman) * Sidney Edgerton (R-Ohio) * Thomas B. Cooper (D-Pennsylvania) *

(R-Maine) * William Wall (R-New York) * Nehemiah Perry (D-New Jersey) * Henry Grider (R-Kentucky) * Albert G. Riddle (R-Ohio) * Anson P. Morrill (R-Maine)

Revolutionary Pensions

* Charles H. Van Wyck (R-New York) (Chairman) * Samuel S. Blair (R-Pennsylvania) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia) * John F. Potter (R-Wisconsin) * William M. Davis (R-Pennsylvania) * John B. Steele (D-New York) * Bradley F. Granger (R-Michigan) * John Law (D-Indiana) *

(D-New Jersey)

Roads and Canals

* Robert Mallory (U-Kentucky) (Chairman) * John A. Gurley (R-Ohio) * James T. Hale (R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-New York) * Isaac N. Arnold (R-Illinois) * Robert H. Nugen (D-Ohio) * Stephen Baker (R-New York) *

(D-Pennsylvania) * Fernando C. Beaman (R-Michigan)

State of the Union

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, particularly belonging or connected to a country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually either the total area from which a state may extract power resources or a ...

(R-Ohio) (Chairman) * Charles H. Van Wyck (R-New York) * James A. Cravens (D-Indiana) * William Kellogg (R-Illinois) * Fernando C. Beaman (R-Michigan) * John W. Reid (D-Missouri) * A. Scott Sloan (R-Wisconsin) * Goldsmith F. Bailey (R-Massachusetts) * Aaron Harding (D-Kentucky)

Ways and Means

(R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Justin S. Morrill (R-Vermont) * John S. Phelps (D-Missouri) * Elbridge G. Spaulding (R-New York) * William Appleton (R-Massachusetts) *

(D-New York) * Valentine B. Horton (R-Ohio) *

(D-Illinois) * John L. N. Stratton (R-New Jersey)

Joint committees

Enrolled Bills

* Rep. Bradley F. Granger (R-Michigan) * Rep. George T. Cobb (D-New Jersey)

The Library

* Rep.

(R-Pennsylvania) * Rep.

(R-New York) * Rep. John Law (D-Indiana)

Caucuses

* Democratic (House) * Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is the federal agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex. It is an agency of the legislative branch of the federal government and is ...

: Thomas U. Walter * Librarian of Congress: John Gould Stephenson

Senate

* Chaplain:

Phineas D. Gurley Phineas Densmore Gurley (November 12, 1816 – September 30, 1868) was Chaplain of the United States Senate and pastor of New York Avenue Presbyterian Church in Washington, D.C. Early life Gurley was born in Hamilton, New York, on November ...

(

Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism that broke from the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland by John Knox, who was a priest at St. Giles Cathedral (Church of Scotland). Presbyterian churches derive their nam ...

), until July 10, 1861 ** Byron Sunderland (

), elected July 10, 1861 *

Secretary A secretary, administrative professional, administrative assistant, executive assistant, administrative officer, administrative support specialist, clerk, military assistant, management assistant, office secretary, or personal assistant is a ...

: Asbury Dickins, until July 10, 1861 ** John W. Forney, elected July 15, 1861 ** William Hickey (Chief Clerk) appointed "Acting Secretary", March 22, 1861 *

Sergeant at Arms Sergeant ( abbreviated to Sgt. and capitalized when used as a named person's title) is a rank in many uniformed organizations, principally military and policing forces. The alternative spelling, ''serjeant'', is used in The Rifles and other un ...

: Dunning R. McNair, until July 6, 1861 **

George T. Brown George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd President ...

, elected July 6, 1861

House of Representatives

* Chaplain:

Thomas H. Stockton Thomas H. Stockton (1808–1868) served as the Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives in 1833, 1835, 1859 and 1861. He was also the pastor of the First Methodist Church in Philadelphia and the editor of ''Christian World''. Stockt ...

(

Methodist Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's ...

), elected July 6, 1861 *

Clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include record keeping, filing, staffing service ...

: John W. Forney, until July 4, 1861 ** Emerson Etheridge, elected July 4, 1861 * Doorkeeper:

Ira Goodnow Ira or IRA may refer to: *Ira (name), a Hebrew, Sanskrit, Russian or Finnish language personal name *Ira (surname), a rare Estonian and some other language family name *Iran, UNDP code IRA Law *Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, US, on status of ...

* Messenger to the Speaker: Thaddeus Morrice * Postmaster: William S. King * Reading Clerks: *

: Henry William Hoffman, until July 5, 1861 ** Edward Ball, elected July 5, 1861