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January

* January 4 – U.S. President
Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1 ...
proclaims a grain embargo against the
USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
with the support of the
European Commission The European Commission (EC) is the executive of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with 27 members of the Commission (informally known as "Commissioners") headed by a President. It includes an administrative body ...
. * January 6
Global Positioning System The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force. It is one of the global navigation satellite sy ...
time
epoch In chronology and periodization, an epoch or reference epoch is an instant in time chosen as the origin of a particular calendar era. The "epoch" serves as a reference point from which time is measured. The moment of epoch is usually decided by ...
begins at 00:00 UTC. * January 9 – In
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...
, 63 Islamist insurgents are beheaded for their part in the siege of the Great Mosque in
Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow ...
in November
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the '' International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the '' Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the so ...
. * January 14Indira Gandhi returns to power as Prime Minister of India. * January 20 – At least 200 people are killed when the Corralejas Bullring collapses at
Sincelejo Sincelejo () is the capital and largest city of the Colombian department of Sucre. It is also the main city in the denominated '' Región Sabanas'' (Savannas Region), a subdivision of the Caribbean Region of Colombia, and the 23rd largest ci ...
, Colombia. *
January 21 Events Pre-1600 * 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa. * 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded when ...
– The
London Gold Fixing The London Gold Fixing (or Gold Fix) is the setting of the price of gold that takes place via a dedicated conference line. It was formerly held on the London premises of Nathan Mayer Rothschild & Sons by the members of The London Gold Market Fixi ...
hits its highest price ever of $843 per
troy ounce Troy weight is a system of units of mass that originated in 15th-century England, and is primarily used in the precious metals industry. The troy weight units are the grain, the pennyweight (24 grains), the troy ounce (20 pennyweights), and th ...
($2,249.50 in 2020 when adjusted for inflation). * January 22
Andrei Sakharov Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov ( rus, Андрей Дмитриевич Сахаров, p=ɐnˈdrʲej ˈdmʲitrʲɪjevʲɪtɕ ˈsaxərəf; 21 May 192114 December 1989) was a Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident, nobel laureate and activist for n ...
,
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
scientist and human rights activist, is arrested in Moscow. *
January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. * 1564 – The Council of Tren ...
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
and
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
establish diplomatic relations. * January 27
Canadian Caper The "Canadian Caper" was the joint covert rescue by the Canadian government and the CIA of six American diplomats who had evaded capture during the seizure of the United States embassy in Tehran, Iran, on November 4, 1979, after the Iranian ...
: Six United States
diplomats A diplomat (from grc, δίπλωμα; romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state or an intergovernmental institution such as the United Nations or the European Union to conduct diplomacy with one or more other states or internatio ...
, posing as Canadians, manage to escape from
Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
,
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
, as they board a flight to
Zürich , neighboring_municipalities = Adliswil, Dübendorf, Fällanden, Kilchberg, Maur, Oberengstringen, Opfikon, Regensdorf, Rümlang, Schlieren, Stallikon, Uitikon, Urdorf, Wallisellen, Zollikon , twintowns = Kunming, San Francisco Zürich ...
, Switzerland, on Swissair. *
January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. *1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
Burning of the Spanish Embassy in Guatemala: The Spanish Embassy in Guatemala is invaded and set on fire, killing 36 people. In the United States, it is dubbed "Spain's own Tehran".


February

* February 2
Abscam Abscam (sometimes written ABSCAM) was an FBI sting operation in the late 1970s and early 1980s that led to the convictions of seven members of the United States Congress, among others, for bribery and corruption. The two-year investigation init ...
:
FBI The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, t ...
personnel target members of the
Congress of the United States The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Wash ...
in a sting operation. * February 23 – The New Mexico State Penitentiary riot takes place; 33 inmates are killed and more than 100 inmates injured. * February 4
Abolhassan Banisadr Seyyed Abolhassan Banisadr ( fa, سید ابوالحسن بنی‌صدر; 22 March 1933 – 9 October 2021) was an Iranian politician, writer, and political dissident. He was the first president of Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution aboli ...
is sworn in as the first
President of Iran The president of Iran ( fa, رئیس‌جمهور ایران, Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran after the Supreme Leader. The president ...
after winning the January 25 presidential election. * February 13 – The
1980 Winter Olympics The 1980 Winter Olympics, officially the XIII Olympic Winter Games and also known as Lake Placid 1980, were an international multi-sport event held from February 13 to 24, 1980, in Lake Placid, New York, United States. Lake Placid was elected ...
open in
Lake Placid, New York Lake Placid is a village in the Adirondack Mountains in Essex County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,303. The village of Lake Placid is near the center of the town of North Elba, southwest of Plattsburg ...
. * February 15 – In
Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no ...
, followers of
John Frum John Frum (also called Jon Frum, John Brum, and John Prum) is a mythic figure associated with cargo cults on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu. He is often depicted as an American World War II serviceman who will bring wealth and prosperity to the ...
's
cargo cult A cargo cult is an indigenist millenarian belief system, in which adherents perform rituals which they believe will cause a more technologically advanced society to deliver goods. Causes, beliefs, and practices Cargo cults are marked by a ...
on the island of Tanna declare secession as the nation of
Tafea Tafea is the southernmost of the six provinces of Vanuatu. The name is an acronym for the five main islands that make up the province: Tanna, Aneityum, Futuna, Erromango and Aniwa. History Unlike the other provinces of Vanuatu, the territoria ...
. *
February 16 Events Pre-1600 *1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire. *1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Kar ...
– A
total solar eclipse A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six month ...
is seen in North Africa and West Asia. It was the 50th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 130. * February 23
Ayatollah Ayatollah ( ; fa, آیت‌الله, āyatollāh) is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy in Iran and Iraq that came into widespread usage in the 20th century. Etymology The title is originally derived from Arabic word p ...
Ruhollah Khomeini states that
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
's parliament will decide the fate of the American embassy hostages. * February 25 – A coup in Suriname ousts the government of
Henck Arron Henck Alphonsus Eugène Arron (25 April 1936 – 4 December 2000) was the first Prime Minister of Suriname after it gained independence in 1975. A member of the National Party of Suriname, he served from 24 December 1973 with the transition gover ...
; leaders
Dési Bouterse Desiré Delano "Dési" Bouterse (; born 13 October 1945) is a Surinamese military officer, politician, convicted murderer and drug trafficker who served as President of Suriname from 2010 to 2020. From 1980 to 1987, he was Suriname's ''de fact ...
and Roy Horb replace it with a National Military Council. * February 27M-19 guerrillas begin the
Dominican embassy siege Dominican may refer to: * Someone or something from or related to the Dominican Republic ( , stress on the "mi"), on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles, in the Caribbean ** People of the Dominican Republic ** Demographics of the Domi ...
in Colombia, holding 60 people hostage, including 14 ambassadors.


March

*
March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocletian ...
** The Commonwealth Trade Union Council is established. ** The ''
Voyager 1 ''Voyager 1'' is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System and interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere. Launched 16 days after its twin ''Voyager 2'', ''Voya ...
'' probe confirms the existence of Janus, a moon of Saturn. *
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 & ...
- Pierre Trudeau returns to office as
Prime Minister of Canada The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as su ...
. *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
Robert Mugabe Robert Gabriel Mugabe (; ; 21 February 1924 – 6 September 2019) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987 and then as President from 1987 to 2017. He served as Leader of the ...
is elected Prime Minister of
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ...
. *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. *1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bou ...
– The
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
's first rock music festival starts. * March 14
LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007 LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007 was an Ilyushin Il-62 that crashed near Okęcie Airport in Warsaw, Poland, on 14 March 1980, as the crew aborted a landing and attempted to go-around. All 87 crew and passengers died. It was caused by the disintegr ...
crashes during an emergency landing near
Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...
, Poland, killing a 14-man American
boxing Boxing (also known as "Western boxing" or "pugilism") is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves and other protective equipment such as hand wraps and mouthguards, throw punches at each other for a predetermine ...
team and 73 others. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
– Fifty people are killed at the
Plesetsk Cosmodrome Plesetsk Cosmodrome ( rus, Космодром «Плесецк», r=Kosmodrom "Plesetsk", p=kəsmɐˈdrom plʲɪˈsʲet͡sk) is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 ...
in Russia, when a
Vostok-2M The Vostok-2M (russian: Восток meaning ''"East"''), GRAU index 8A92M was an expendable carrier rocket used by the Soviet Union between 1964 and 1991. Ninety-three were launched, of which one failed. Another was destroyed before launch. It ...
rocket explodes on its launch pad during a fueling operation. *
March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...
20 – The , the ship housing
pirate radio Pirate radio or a pirate radio station is a radio station that broadcasts without a valid license. In some cases, radio stations are considered legal where the signal is transmitted, but illegal where the signals are received—especially ...
station
Radio Caroline Radio Caroline is a British radio station founded in 1964 by Ronan O'Rahilly and Alan Crawford initially to circumvent the record companies' control of popular music broadcasting in the United Kingdom and the BBC's radio broadcasting monopoly ...
, sinks off the English coast (the station returns aboard a new ship in
1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...
). *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– U.S. President
Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1 ...
announces that the United States will boycott the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow because of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. *
March 26 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. *1021 – On the feast of Eid al-Adha, the death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret for six weeks, ...
– A mine lift cage at the Vaal Reefs gold mine in South Africa falls , killing 23 workers. *
March 27 Events Pre-1600 *1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom. * 1329 – Pope John XXII ...
– The Norwegian oil platform '' Alexander L. Kielland'' collapses in the North Sea, killing 123 of its crew of 212. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
– The
Talpiot Tomb The Talpiot Tomb (or Talpiyot Tomb) is a rock-cut tomb discovered in 1980 in the East Talpiot neighborhood, five kilometers (three miles) south of the Old City in East Jerusalem. It contained ten ossuaries, six inscribed with epigraphs, inc ...
is discovered by construction workers in
Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
.


April

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– The
Southern African Development Coordination Conference The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC), the forerunner of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), was a memorandum of understanding on common economic development signed in Lusaka, Zambia, on 1 April 1980. It i ...
(SADCC) is formed in Lusaka, Zambia. *
April 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St. J ...
– The St Pauls riot breaks out in
Bristol Bristol () is a city, ceremonial county and unitary authority in England. Situated on the River Avon, it is bordered by the ceremonial counties of Gloucestershire to the north and Somerset to the south. Bristol is the most populous city in ...
. *
April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...
– The United States severs diplomatic relations with
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
and imposes economic sanctions, following the taking of American hostages on November 4, 1979. *
April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 140 ...
– In Lisbon, Portugal, the governments of Spain and the United Kingdom agree to reopen the border between
Gibraltar ) , anthem = " God Save the King" , song = " Gibraltar Anthem" , image_map = Gibraltar location in Europe.svg , map_alt = Location of Gibraltar in Europe , map_caption = United Kingdom shown in pale green , mapsize = , image_map2 = Gib ...
and Spain in
1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...
, closed since
1969 This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 **Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...
. *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
** 1980 Liberian coup d'état:
Samuel K. Doe Samuel Kanyon Doe (6 May 1951 – 9 September 1990) was a Liberian politician who served as the 21st president of Liberia from 1980 to 1990. Doe ruled Liberia as Chairman of the People's Redemption Council (PRC) from 1980 to 1984 and then as ...
overthrows the government of Liberia in a violent ''
coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...
'', assassinating President
William Tolbert William Richard Tolbert Jr. (13 May 1913 – 12 April 1980) was a Liberian politician who served as the 20th president of Liberia from 1971 until 1980. Tolbert was an Americo-Liberian and trained as a civil servant before entering the House of ...
and 26 other people and ending over 130 years of democratic presidential succession in that country. **
Terry Fox Terrance Stanley Fox (July 28, 1958 June 28, 1981) was a Canadian athlete, humanitarian, and cancer research activist. In 1980, with one leg having been amputated due to cancer, he embarked on an east-to-west cross-Canada run to raise money ...
begins his
Marathon of Hope Terrance Stanley Fox (July 28, 1958 June 28, 1981) was a Canadian athlete, humanitarian, and cancer research activist. In 1980, with one leg having been amputated due to cancer, he embarked on an east-to-west cross-Canada run to raise money ...
, a plan to run across Canada to raise money for cancer research, setting off from St. Johns, Newfoundland and running westward. *
April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho ...
Iron Maiden Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. While fluid in the early years of the band, the lineup for most of the band's history has consisted of Harri ...
's debut self-titled album ''
Iron Maiden Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. While fluid in the early years of the band, the lineup for most of the band's history has consisted of Harri ...
'' is released in the U.K. *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Coria (Corbridge), Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald of Northumbria, Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 d ...
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ...
gains
de jure In law and government, ''de jure'' ( ; , "by law") describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. In contrast, ("in fact") describes situations that exist in reality, even if not legally ...
independence from the United Kingdom with
Robert Mugabe Robert Gabriel Mugabe (; ; 21 February 1924 – 6 September 2019) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987 and then as President from 1987 to 2017. He served as Leader of the ...
as its first Prime Minister. *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
25
Operation Eagle Claw Operation Eagle Claw, known as Operation Tabas ( fa, عملیات طبس) in Iran, was a failed operation by the United States Armed Forces ordered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter to attempt the rescue of 52 embassy staff held captive at th ...
, a commando mission in
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
to rescue American embassy hostages, is aborted after mechanical problems ground the rescue helicopters. Eight United States troops are killed in a mid-air collision during the failed operation. *
April 25 Events Pre-1600 *404 BC – Admiral Lysander and King Pausanias of Sparta blockade Athens and bring the Peloponnesian War to a successful conclusion. * 775 – The Battle of Bagrevand puts an end to an Armenian rebellion against the ...
Dan-Air Flight 1008 Dan-Air Flight 1008 was a fatal accident involving a Boeing 727-46 jet aircraft operated by Dan Air Services Limited on an unscheduled international passenger service from Manchester to Tenerife. The crash occurred on 25 April 1980 in a fores ...
crashes in
Tenerife Tenerife (; ; formerly spelled ''Teneriffe'') is the largest and most populous island of the Canary Islands. It is home to 43% of the total population of the archipelago. With a land area of and a population of 978,100 inhabitants as of Janu ...
, killing all 146 occupants; at the time it was the worst air disaster involving a British-registered aircraft in terms of loss of life. *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. * 1 ...
Louise and Charmian Faulkner disappear from outside their flat in St Kilda, Victoria, Australia. * April 27 – The
Dominican embassy siege Dominican may refer to: * Someone or something from or related to the Dominican Republic ( , stress on the "mi"), on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles, in the Caribbean ** People of the Dominican Republic ** Demographics of the Domi ...
in Colombia ends with all remaining hostages released after the guerrillas are allowed to escape to
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
. *
April 30 Events Pre-1600 *311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends. *1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois. *1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
** Iranian Embassy siege: Six Iranian-born terrorists take over the Iranian embassy in London, England. SAS retakes the Embassy on May 5; one terrorist survives. ** Queen Juliana of the Netherlands abdicates and her daughter
Beatrix Beatrix is a Latin feminine given name, most likely derived from ''Viatrix'', a feminine form of the Late Latin name ''Viator'' which meant "voyager, traveller" and later influenced in spelling by association with the Latin word ''beatus'' or "bles ...
accedes to the throne.


May

*
May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. *1169 – N ...
– "About that Urban Renaissance...", an article by journalist Dan Rottenberg in ''
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...
'', contains the first recorded use of the word "
yuppie Yuppie, short for "young urban professional" or "young upwardly-mobile professional", is a term coined in the early 1980s for a young professional person working in a city. The term is first attested in 1980, when it was used as a fairly neu ...
". *
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. *1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
Referendum on system of government held in Nepal. *
May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito dies. The largest state funeral in history is organized, with state delegations from 128 different countries out of 154 UN members at the time. *
May 7 Events Pre-1600 * 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch. * 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...
Paul Geidel, convicted of second-degree murder in
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
, is released from prison in Beacon, New York, after 68 years and 245 days (the longest-ever time served by an inmate). * May 8 – Global eradication of
smallpox Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus) which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) c ...
certified by the
World Health Organization The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of ...
. *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. *1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
** In
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
, United States, the Liberian freighter '' Summit Venture'' hits the
Sunshine Skyway Bridge The Bob Graham Sunshine Skyway Bridge, often referred to as the Sunshine Skyway Bridge or the Sunshine Skyway, consists of a pair of long beam bridges with a central cable-stayed bridge that spans Lower Tampa Bay to connect St. Petersburg, ...
over
Tampa Bay Tampa Bay is a large natural harbor and shallow estuary connected to the Gulf of Mexico on the west-central coast of Florida, comprising Hillsborough Bay, McKay Bay, Old Tampa Bay, Middle Tampa Bay, and Lower Tampa Bay. The largest freshwater ...
. A section of the bridge collapses and 35 people (most in a bus) are killed. ** James Alexander George Smith "Jags" McCartney the
Turks and Caicos Islands The Turks and Caicos Islands (abbreviated TCI; and ) are a British Overseas Territory consisting of the larger Caicos Islands and smaller Turks Islands, two groups of tropical islands in the Lucayan Archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean and n ...
' first
chief minister A chief minister is an elected or appointed head of government of – in most instances – a sub-national entity, for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a union terri ...
, is killed in a plane crash over
New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...
. *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 *1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. * 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. *1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– The Sumpul River massacre occurs in Chalatenango, El Salvador. *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 *1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. *1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Flo ...
Internal conflict in Peru The internal conflict in Peru is an ongoing armed conflict between the Government of Peru and the Maoist guerilla group Shining Path. The conflict began on 17 May 1980, and from 1982 to 1997 the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement waged its ow ...
: On the eve of presidential elections,
Maoist Maoism, officially called Mao Zedong Thought by the Chinese Communist Party, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed to realise a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of Ch ...
guerrilla group
Shining Path The Shining Path ( es, Sendero Luminoso), officially the Communist Party of Peru (, abbr. PCP), is a communist guerrilla group in Peru following Marxism–Leninism–Maoism and Gonzalo Thought. Academics often refer to the group as the Commun ...
attacks a polling location in the town of Chuschi,
Ayacucho Ayacucho (, qu, Ayak'uchu) is the capital city of Ayacucho Region and of Huamanga Province, Ayacucho Region, Peru. During the Inca Empire and Viceroyalty of Peru periods the city was known by the name of Huamanga (Quechua: Wamanga), and it c ...
. *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of ...
– The
1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens On March 27, 1980, a series of volcanic explosions and pyroclastic flows began at Mount St. Helens in Skamania County, Washington, United States. A series of phreatic blasts occurred from the summit and escalated until a major explosive er ...
volcano in
Washington (state) Washington (), officially the State of Washington, is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. Named for George Washington—the first U.S. president—the state was formed from the western part of the Washingt ...
kills 57 and causes US$3 billion in damage. *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of ...
27
Gwangju Uprising The Gwangju Uprising was a popular uprising in the city of Gwangju, South Korea, from May 18 to May 27, 1980, which pitted local, armed citizens against soldiers and police of the South Korean government. The event is sometimes called 5·18 (M ...
: Students in Gwangju, South Korea, begin demonstrations, calling for democratic reforms. *
May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose her ...
1980 Quebec referendum The 1980 Quebec independence referendum was the first referendum in Quebec on the place of Quebec within Canada and whether Quebec should pursue a path toward sovereignty. The referendum was called by Quebec's Parti Québécois (PQ) government, whi ...
: Voters in
Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
reject by a vote of 60%, a proposal to seek independence from Canada. *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 1 ...
Pac-Man, the highest-earning arcade game of all time, is released in Japan. * May 24 ** The
International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ; french: Cour internationale de justice, links=no; ), sometimes known as the World Court, is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordanc ...
calls for the release of U.S. Embassy hostages in
Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
. ** The New York Islanders win their first Stanley Cup, on a goal by Bobby Nystrom in Game 6 overtime of the
1980 Stanley Cup Finals The 1980 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1979–80 season, and the culmination of the 1980 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the New York Islanders in their first-ever Finals appeara ...
over the
Philadelphia Flyers The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia. The Flyers compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Metropolitan Division in the Eastern Conference. The team plays its home games in Well ...
. *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
Indianapolis 500 The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indi ...
:
Johnny Rutherford John Sherman "Johnny" Rutherford III (born March 12, 1938), also known as "Lone Star JR", is an American former automobile racing driver. During an Indy Car career that spanned more than three decades, he scored 27 wins and 23 pole positions in ...
wins for a third time in car owner Jim Hall's revolutionary ground effect Chaparral car; the victory is Hall's second as an owner. *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
**
John Frum John Frum (also called Jon Frum, John Brum, and John Prum) is a mythic figure associated with cargo cults on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu. He is often depicted as an American World War II serviceman who will bring wealth and prosperity to the ...
supporters in
Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no ...
storm government offices on the island of Tanna. Vanuatu government troops land the next day and drive them away. ** In South Korea, military government forces and pro-
democracy Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which people, the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation ("direct democracy"), or to choo ...
protesters clash; 2,000 protesters die. *
May 28 Events Pre-1600 *585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– A fiery bus crash near the small village of Webb, Saskatchewan, Canada, claims 22 lives.


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed k ...
– The first 24-hour news channel,
Cable News Network CNN (Cable News Network) is a multinational cable news channel headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by ...
(CNN) is launched. *
June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...
1980 Grand Island tornado outbreak: A series of deadly
tornado A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...
es strikes Grand Island, Nebraska, causing over $300m in damage, killing five people and injuring over 250. *
June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. *1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I ...
Apartheid Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
: The
African National Congress The African National Congress (ANC) is a social-democratic political party in South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election install ...
in South Africa publishes a statement by their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela. * June 23
September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– The
1980 United States heat wave The 1980 United States heat wave was a period of intense heat and drought that wreaked havoc on much of the Midwestern United States and Southern Plains throughout the summer of 1980. It was among the most destructive, and most lethal natural disas ...
claims 1,700 lives. * June 23 **
Sanjay Gandhi Sanjay Gandhi (14 December 1946 23 June 1980) was an Indian politician and the younger son of Indira Gandhi and Feroze Gandhi. He was a member of parliament, Lok Sabha and the Nehru–Gandhi family. During his lifetime, he was widely expected ...
, the politically influential son of prime minister Indira Gandhi, is killed in a plane crash. ** Tim Berners-Lee begins work on
ENQUIRE ENQUIRE was a software project written in 1980 by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN, which was the predecessor to the World Wide Web. It was a simple hypertext program that had some of the same ideas as the Web and the Semantic Web but was different in ...
, the system that will eventually lead to the creation of the
World Wide Web The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as the Web, is an information system enabling documents and other web resources to be accessed over the Internet. Documents and downloadable media are made available to the network through web ...
in autumn 1990. *
June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
– A Muslim Brotherhood assassination attempt against Syrian president Hafez al-Assad fails. Assad retaliates by sending the army against them. *
June 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded. *1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England. * 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
**
Itavia Flight 870 On 27 June 1980, Itavia Flight 870 (IH 870, AJ 421), a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 passenger jet en route from Bologna to Palermo, Italy, crashed into the Tyrrhenian Sea between the islands of Ponza and Ustica, killing all 81 people on board. Known ...
crashes into the sea near Ustica island, Italy, killing all 81 people on board. The cause of the accident remains unclear. ** U.S. President
Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1 ...
signs Proclamation 4771, requiring 18- to 25-year-old males to register for a peacetime
military draft Conscription (also called the draft in the United States) is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service. Conscription dates back to antiquity and it continues in some countries to the present day und ...
, in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. *
June 29 Events Pre-1600 * 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei. *1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi. * 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (; born 15 April 1930) is an Icelandic politician who served as the fourth president of Iceland from 1980 to 1996. She was the world's first woman who was democratically elected as president. With a presidency of exact ...
is elected
President of Iceland The president of Iceland ( is, Forseti Íslands) is the head of state of Iceland. The incumbent is Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson, who is now in his second term as president, elected in 2016 and re-elected in 2020. Vigdís Finnbogadóttir as ...
, making her the first woman democratically elected as head of state.


July

* July 8 – A wave of strikes begins in Lublin,
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
. * July 9
Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...
visits
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
; seven people are crushed to death in a crowd waiting to see him at afternoon Mass at the stadium in Fortaleza. * July 16 – Former
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
Governor and actor Ronald Reagan is nominated for U.S. president, at the 1980 Republican National Convention in
Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...
. Influenced by the Religious Right, the convention also drops its long-standing support for the Equal Rights Amendment, dismaying moderate Republicans. *
July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
– Former
Turkish Prime Minister The prime minister of the Republic of Turkey ( Turkish: ''Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı'') was the head of government of the Republic of Turkey from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Turkish Parliament and presided over the cab ...
Nihat Erim İsmail Nihat Erim (30 November 1912 – 19 July 1980) was a Turkish politician and jurist. He served as the 13th Prime Minister of Turkey for almost 14 months after the 1971 Turkish military memorandum. He was assassinated by the Revolutionar ...
is killed by two gunmen in Istanbul,
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
. *
July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
August 3 Events Pre-1600 * 8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats the Dalmatae on the river Bosna. * 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emper ...
– The 1980 Summer Olympics are held in Moscow,
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
. 82 countries boycott the Games, athletes from 16 of them participate under a neutral flag. * July 25 – The album ''
Back in Black ''Back in Black'' is the seventh studio album by Australian rock band AC/DC. It was released on 25 July 1980 by Albert Productions and Atlantic Records. It is the band's first album to feature lead singer Brian Johnson, following the death ...
'' is released by the Australian band AC/DC. *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, deposed Shah of
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
, dies in
Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the Capital city, capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, List of ...
. *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islan ...
**
Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no ...
gains
independence Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the statu ...
. **
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
's
Knesset The Knesset ( he, הַכְּנֶסֶת ; "gathering" or "assembly") is the unicameral legislature of Israel. As the supreme state body, the Knesset is sovereign and thus has complete control of the entirety of the Israeli government (with ...
passes the
Jerusalem Law The Jerusalem Law (, ar, قانون القدس) is a common name of Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel passed by the Knesset on 30 July 1980 (17th Av, 5740). Although the law did not use the term, the Israeli Supreme Court interpreted the ...
.


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (; born 15 April 1930) is an Icelandic politician who served as the fourth president of Iceland from 1980 to 1996. She was the world's first woman who was democratically elected as president. With a presidency of exact ...
becomes the 4th
President of Iceland The president of Iceland ( is, Forseti Íslands) is the head of state of Iceland. The incumbent is Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson, who is now in his second term as president, elected in 2016 and re-elected in 2020. Vigdís Finnbogadóttir as ...
, the world's first democratically directly elected female president. * August 2Strage di Bologna: A terrorist bombing at the Bologna Centrale railway station in Italy kills 85 people and wounds more than 200. *
August 4 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
Hurricane Allen Hurricane Allen was a rare and extremely powerful Cape Verde hurricane that affected the Caribbean, eastern and northern Mexico, and southern Texas in August 1980. The first named storm and second tropical cyclone of the 1980 Atlantic hurricane ...
(category 5) pounds Haiti, where it kills more than 200 people. *
August 7 Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...
31
Lech Wałęsa Lech Wałęsa (; ; born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, who served as the President of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 election, Wałęsa became the first democrati ...
leads the first of many strikes at the Gdańsk Shipyard in the
Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic ( pl, Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989 as the predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million ne ...
. *
August 17 Events Pre-1600 *309/310 – Pope Eusebius is banished by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicily, where he dies, possibly from a hunger strike. * 682 – Pope Leo II begins his pontificate. * 986 – Byzantine–Bulgarian wars: Battle ...
– In Australia, baby Azaria Chamberlain disappears from a campsite at Ayers Rock (
Uluru Uluru (; pjt, Uluṟu ), also known as Ayers Rock ( ) and officially gazetted as UluruAyers Rock, is a large sandstone formation in the centre of Australia. It is in the southern part of the Northern Territory, southwest of Alice Spring ...
), reportedly taken by a dingo. *
August 19 Events Pre-1600 *295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later know ...
– In one of aviation's worst disasters, 301 people are killed when
Saudia Flight 163 Saudia Flight 163 was a scheduled Saudia passenger flight departing from Quaid-E-Azam Airport in Karachi, Pakistan bound for Kandara Airport in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia via Riyadh International Airport in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia that caught fire aft ...
catches fire in
Riyadh Riyadh (, ar, الرياض, 'ar-Riyāḍ, lit.: 'The Gardens' Najdi pronunciation: ), formerly known as Hajr al-Yamamah, is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of the Riyadh Province and the centre of th ...
,
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...
. *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. * 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– Victory of the strike in Gdańsk Shipyard, Poland. The
Gdańsk Agreement The Gdańsk Agreement (or ''Gdańsk Social Accord(s)'' or ''August Agreement(s)'', pl, Porozumienia sierpniowe) was an accord reached as a direct result of the strikes that took place in Gdańsk, Poland. Workers along the Baltic went on strike in ...
is signed, opening a way to start the first free (i.e. not state-controlled) trade union in the communist bloc, " Solidarity" (''Solidarność'').


September

*
September 1 Events Pre-1600 *1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. *1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancona b ...
Terry Fox Terrance Stanley Fox (July 28, 1958 June 28, 1981) was a Canadian athlete, humanitarian, and cancer research activist. In 1980, with one leg having been amputated due to cancer, he embarked on an east-to-west cross-Canada run to raise money ...
is forced to end his Marathon of Hope run outside of
Thunder Bay, Ontario Thunder Bay is a city in and the seat of Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is the most populous municipality in Northwestern Ontario and the second most populous (after Greater Sudbury) municipality in Northern Ontario; its population ...
, Canada, after finding out that the cancer has spread to his lungs. *
September 2 Events Pre-1600 * 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. * 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his ''Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of the ...
Ford Europe Ford of Europe GmbH is a subsidiary company of Ford Motor Company founded in 1967 in Cork, Ireland, with headquarters in Cologne, Germany. History Ford of Europe was founded in 1967 by the merger of Ford of Britain, Ford Germany, and Irish Hen ...
launches the Escort MK3, a new front-wheel drive hatchback. *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ...
breaks diplomatic and consular relations with South Africa, even though it maintains a commercial mission in
Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu and xh, eGoli ), colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa, classified as a megacity, and is one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world. According to Dem ...
. *
September 5 Events Pre-1600 * 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu. *1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava *1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry ...
– The Gotthard Road Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at , stretching from
Göschenen Göschenen (German, it, Casinotta, rm, Caschanuttais) a village and municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It sits at the northern end of the Gotthard tunnel. The Göschenen riots (1875) saw Urner troops opening fire on Italian miner ...
to Airolo beneath the Gotthard Pass. *
September 12 Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin ...
Kenan Evren stages a military coup in Turkey. It stops political gang violence, but begins stronger state violence leading to the execution of many young activists. * September 17 – After weeks of strikes at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk,
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
, the nationwide independent trade union Solidarity is established. *
September 21 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Rome with a Gallic army and consolidates his power. * 1170 – The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Norman invaders. * 1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian leader Lembitu and Livonian ...
Bülent Ulusu, ex admiral, forms the new government of
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
(44th government, composed mostly of technocrats). *
September 22 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government. * 1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of th ...
– The command council of
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
orders its army to "deliver its fatal blow on
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
ian military targets", initiating the
Iran–Iraq War The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Ba'athist Iraq, Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. It began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for almost eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations S ...
. *
September 26 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. * 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. *1087 – William II is crown ...
**
Oktoberfest bombing The Oktoberfest bombing (german: Oktoberfest-Attentat) was a far-right terrorism in Germany, terrorist attack. On 26 September 1980, 13 people were killed (including the perpetrator) and more than 200 injured by the explosion of an improvised expl ...
: 13 people are killed and 211 injured in a right-wing terror attack in
Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...
(West Germany). ** The
Mariel boatlift The Mariel boatlift () was a mass emigration of Cubans who traveled from Cuba's Mariel Harbor to the United States between 15 April and 31 October 1980. The term "" (plural "Marielitos") is used to refer to these refugees in both Spanish and E ...
in Cuba officially ends. *
September 30 Events Pre-1600 * 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time. * 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their b ...
Digital Equipment Corporation Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC ), using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1960s to the 1990s. The company was co-founded by Ken Olsen and Harlan Anderson in 1957. Olsen was president un ...
,
Intel Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It is the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue, and is one of the developers of the x86 seri ...
and
Xerox Xerox Holdings Corporation (; also known simply as Xerox) is an American corporation that sells print and electronic document, digital document products and services in more than 160 countries. Xerox is headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut (ha ...
introduce the DIX standard for
Ethernet Ethernet () is a family of wired computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1 ...
, which is the first implementation outside of Xerox and the first to support 10 Mbit/s speeds.


October

*
October 5 Events Pre-1600 * 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor. * 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope. * 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
** The Elisabeth blast furnace is demolished at
Bilston Bilston is a market town, ward, and civil parish located in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England. It is close to the borders of Sandwell and Walsall. The nearest towns are Darlaston, Wednesbury, and Willenhall. Historically in Staffordshi ...
Steelworks, marking the end of iron and steel production in the Black Country region of the UK. **
British Leyland British Leyland was an automotive engineering and manufacturing conglomerate formed in the United Kingdom in 1968 as British Leyland Motor Corporation Ltd (BLMC), following the merger of Leyland Motors and British Motor Holdings. It was partl ...
launches its new
Metro Metro, short for metropolitan, may refer to: Geography * Metro (city), a city in Indonesia * A metropolitan area, the populated region including and surrounding an urban center Public transport * Rapid transit, a passenger railway in an urb ...
, a three-door entry-level hatchback which is designed as the eventual replacement for the
Mini The Mini is a small, two-door, four-seat car, developed as ADO15, and produced by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and its successors, from 1959 through 2000. Minus a brief hiatus, original Minis were built for four decades and sold during ...
. It gives BL a long-awaited modern competitor for the likes of the Ford Fiesta and
Vauxhall Chevette The Vauxhall Chevette is a supermini car that was manufactured by Vauxhall in the United Kingdom from 1975 to 1984. It was Vauxhall's version of the " T-Car" small-car family from Vauxhall's parent General Motors (GM), and based primarily on the ...
. *
October 10 Events Pre-1600 * 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali. * 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France. *1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with ...
– The 7.1 El Asnam earthquake shakes northern
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of X (''Extreme''), killing 2,633–5,000 and injuring 8,369–9,000. *
October 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. * 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
** The Staggers Rail Act is enacted, deregulating American railroads. ** The 6th Congress of the Workers' Party ended, having anointed North Korean President Kim Jong-il's son Kim Jong-il as his successor. * October 15James Callaghan announces his resignation as leader of the British Labour Party. *
October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...
1980 Australian federal election The 1980 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 18 October 1980. All 125 seats in the House of Representatives and 34 of the 64 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Liberal–NCP coalition government, led by Prim ...
:
Malcolm Fraser John Malcolm Fraser (; 21 May 1930 – 20 March 2015) was an Australian politician who served as the 22nd prime minister of Australia from 1975 to 1983, holding office as the leader of the Liberal Party of Australia. Fraser was raised on hi ...
's
Liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and m ...
/ National Country Coalition
Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...
is re-elected with a substantially reduced majority, defeating the Labor Party led by
Bill Hayden William George Hayden (born 23 January 1933) is an Australian politician who served as the 21st governor-general of Australia from 1989 to 1996. He was Leader of the Labor Party and Leader of the Opposition from 1977 to 1983, and served as ...
. The Government also loses control of the Senate, with the
Australian Democrats The Australian Democrats is a centrist political party in Australia. Founded in 1977 from a merger of the Australia Party and the New Liberal Movement, both of which were descended from Liberal Party dissenting splinter groups, it was Austral ...
winning the balance of power. *
October 20 Events Pre-1600 *1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent. * 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...
** Greece rejoins the
NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...
military structure. ** In continuous production since 1962, the last
MG MGB The MGB is a two-door sports car manufactured and marketed from 1962 until 1980 by the British Motor Corporation (BMC), later the ''Austin-Morris'' division of British Leyland, as a four-cylinder, soft-top sports car. It was announced and its det ...
roadster rolls off the assembly line at the
Abingdon-on-Thames Abingdon-on-Thames ( ), commonly known as Abingdon, is a historic market town and civil parish in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, England, on the River Thames. Historically the county town of Berkshire, since 1974 Abingdon has been ad ...
(England) factory, ending production for the
MG Cars MG is a British automotive marque founded by Cecil Kimber in the 1920s, and M.G. Car Company Limited was the British sports car manufacturer that made the marque famous. Best known for its open two-seater sports cars, MG also produced salo ...
marque. *
October 21 Events Pre-1600 *1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade. *1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of A ...
– In
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
, The Philadelphia Phillies of the
National League The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the National League (NL), is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, and the world's oldest extant professional team ...
defeat the Kansas City Royals of the
American League The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the American League (AL), is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada. It developed from the Western League, a minor league ...
, 4–1, in Game Six of the
World Series The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, contested since 1903 between the champion teams of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The winner of the World ...
to win the championship. *
October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
– Proceedings on the
Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction or Hague Abduction Convention is a multilateral treaty that provides an expeditious method to return a child internationally abducted by a parent from one member countr ...
conclude at
The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital o ...
. *
October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as ...
– Six
Provisional Irish Republican Army The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reu ...
prisoners in
Maze prison Her Majesty's Prison Maze (previously Long Kesh Detention Centre, and known colloquially as The Maze or H-Blocks) was a prison in Northern Ireland that was used to house alleged paramilitary prisoners during the Troubles from August 1971 to Sep ...
in Northern Ireland refuse food and demand status as
political prisoner A political prisoner is someone imprisoned for their political activity. The political offense is not always the official reason for the prisoner's detention. There is no internationally recognized legal definition of the concept, although n ...
s; the
hunger strike A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance in which participants fast as an act of political protest, or to provoke a feeling of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most ...
lasts until December. *
October 30 Events Pre-1600 * 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge. * 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates. *1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Ro ...
El Salvador and Honduras sign a peace treaty to put the border dispute fought over in
1969 This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 **Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...
's
Football War The Football War ( es, La guerra del fútbol; colloquial: Soccer War), also known as the Hundred Hours' War or 100 Hour War, was a brief military conflict fought between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969. Existing tensions between the two countr ...
before the
International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ; french: Cour internationale de justice, links=no; ), sometimes known as the World Court, is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordanc ...
. *
October 31 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor. * 683 – During the Siege of Mecca, the Kaaba catches fire and is burned down. * 802 – Empress Irene is deposed and banished to Lesbos. Co ...
** The
Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...
government recognizes Solidarity. ** Reza Pahlavi, eldest son of the Shah of
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
, proclaims himself the rightful successor to the
Peacock Throne The Peacock Throne ( Hindustani: ''Mayūrāsana'', Sanskrit: मयूरासन, Urdu: تخت طاؤس, fa, تخت طاووس, ''Takht-i Tāvūs'') was a famous jewelled throne that was the seat of the emperors of the Mughal Empire in India ...
.


November

*
November 4 Events Pre-1600 *1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. *1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico. *1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
1980 United States presidential election:
Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
challenger and former Governor Ronald Reagan of
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
defeats incumbent Democratic President
Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1 ...
and was elected the 40th President of the United States. *
November 10 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Emperor Leo II dies after a reign of ten months. He is succeeded by his father Zeno, who becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. * 937 – Ten Kingdoms: Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang ...
12
Voyager program The Voyager program is an American scientific program that employs two robotic interstellar probes, ''Voyager 1'' and ''Voyager 2''. They were launched in 1977 to take advantage of a favorable alignment of Jupiter and Saturn, to fly near t ...
: The
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
space probe '' Voyager I'' makes its closest approach to Saturn, when it flies within of the planet's cloud-tops and sends the first high resolution images of the world back to scientists on Earth. * November 20 – The Gang of Four trial begins in China. * November 21 ** A fire at the MGM Grand Hotel and Casino on the
Las Vegas Strip The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard South in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city ...
kills 85 people. ** A record number of viewers on this date (for an entertainment program) tune into the U.S. television show ''
Dallas Dallas () is the List of municipalities in Texas, third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of metropolitan statistical areas, fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 ...
'' to learn who shot lead character
J. R. Ewing John Ross "J.R." Ewing Jr. is a fictional character in the American television series ''Dallas'' (1978–1991) and its spin-offs, including the revived ''Dallas'' series (2012–2014). The character was portrayed by Larry Hagman from the serie ...
. The " Who shot J.R.?" event is an international obsession. *
November 23 Events Pre-1600 * 534 BC – Thespis of Icaria becomes the first recorded actor to portray a character on stage. * 1248 – Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile. * 1499 – Pretender to the t ...
– The 6.9 Irpinia earthquake shakes southern Italy with a maximum
Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...
of X (''Extreme''). Officially, there were 2,483 people killed and 8,934 injured, though the deaths may have been as high as 4,900.


December

*
December 2 Events Pre-1600 *1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon. * 1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900 *1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...
– A missionary ( Jean Donovan) and three Roman Catholic nuns (
Maura Clarke Maura Clarke (January 13, 1931 – December 2, 1980), was an American Catholic Maryknoll sister who served as a missionary in Nicaragua and El Salvador. She worked with the poor and refugees in Central America from 1959 until her murder in 1980 ...
,
Ita Ford Sister Ita Ford, M.M. (April 23, 1940 – December 2, 1980) was an American Catholic Maryknoll Sister who served as a missionary in Bolivia, Chile and El Salvador. She worked with the poor and war refugees. On December 2, 1980, she was beaten, r ...
, Dorothy Kazel), all Americans, are murdered by a military death squad in El Salvador while doing charity work during that country's
civil war A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...
. *
December 8 Events Pre-1600 * 395 – Later Yan is defeated by its former vassal Northern Wei at the Battle of Canhe Slope. * 757 – The poet Du Fu returns to Chang'an as a member of Emperor Xuanzong's court, after having escaped the city durin ...
Murder of John Lennon On the evening of 8 December 1980, English musician John Lennon, formerly of the Beatles, was shot and fatally wounded in the archway of the Dakota, his residence in New York City. The killer was Mark David Chapman, an American Beatles fan wh ...
:
Mark David Chapman Mark David Chapman (born May 10, 1955) is an American man who murdered former Beatles member John Lennon in New York City on December 8, 1980. As Lennon walked into the archway of his apartment building at The Dakota, Chapman shot Lennon from a ...
is arrested following the murder of English musician
John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
, formerly of
the Beatles The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the developmen ...
, outside his New York City apartment building, The Dakota. *
December 14 Events Pre-1600 * 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia. * 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...
– Four people are murdered and four others are injured by two armed robbers at
Bob's Big Boy Bob's Big Boy is a restaurant chain founded by Bob Wian in Southern California in 1936, originally named Bob's Pantry. It is now part of Big Boy Restaurant Group, the current primary trademark owner and franchisor of the Big Boy system. At its ...
on
La Cienega Boulevard La Cienega Boulevard is a major north–south arterial road that runs between El Segundo Boulevard in Hawthorne, California on the south and the Sunset Strip/ Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood to the north. It was named for Rancho Las Cienega ...
in Los Angeles, in what is one of the city's most brutal crimes ever. *
December 15 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum. * 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theodor ...
– The Academia de la Llingua Asturiana (Academy of the
Asturian language Asturian (; ,Art. 1 de lLey 1/1998, de 23 de marzo, de uso y promoción del bable/asturiano aw 1/93, of March 23, on the Use and Promotion of the Asturian Language/nowiki> formerly also known as ) is a West Iberian languages, West Iberian ...
) is created. *
December 16 Events Pre-1600 * 714 – Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. * 755 ...
– During a summit on the island of Bali, OPEC decides to raise the price of
petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crud ...
by 10%.


Date unknown

* The Right Livelihood Award is founded by Jakob von Uexkull. Hassan Fathy and Plenty International/Stephen Gaskin are its first winners. * The World Hockey Association and NHL merge, adding teams in Hartford, Quebec City, Edmonton and Winnipeg to the league. Accompanying the newly added Edmonton Oilers as the first team in Alberta, the Atlanta Flames move to Calgary.


World population


Births


January

* January 1 – Richie Faulkner, British rock guitarist * January 4 – Greg Cipes, American voice, film and television actor * January 7 – Hele Kõrve, Estonian actress and singer * January 8 ** Adam Goodes, Australian rules footballer ** Rachel Nichols (actress), Rachel Nichols, American actress * January 9 – Sergio García, Spanish golfer * January 10 – Sarah Shahi, American actress * January 11 – Lovieanne Jung, American softball player * January 12 – Amerie, American singer * January 13 – María de Villota, Spanish racing driver (d. 2013) * January 14 ** Carlos Alvarado Quesada, Costa Rican politician, 48th President of Costa Rica ** Monika Kuszyńska, Polish singer and songwriter * January 16 ** Albert Pujols, Dominican
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
player ** Michelle Wild, Hungarian actress ** Lin-Manuel Miranda, Puerto Rican-American actor, composer and writer * January 17 ** Zooey Deschanel, American actress, singer and musician ** Maksim Chmerkovskiy, Ukrainian-American dance champion, choreographer and instructor * January 18 ** Estelle (musician), Estelle, British singer ** Jason Segel, American actor and comedian * January 19 ** Luke Macfarlane, Canadian actor and singer ** Jenson Button, British racing driver ** Arvydas Macijauskas, Lithuanian basketball player * January 20 ** Philippe Cousteau Jr., American-French oceanographer ** Philippe Gagnon (swimmer), Philippe Gagnon, Canadian Paralympic swimmer ** Kim Jeong-hoon, South Korean singer and actor ** Brigitte Olivier, Belgian martial artist ** Matthew Tuck, Welsh singer and guitarist *
January 21 Events Pre-1600 * 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa. * 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded when ...
– Nana Mizuki, Japanese voice actress and singer * January 22 – Christopher Masterson, American actor and disc jockey * January 24 ** Nyncke Beekhuyzen, Dutch actress ** Suzy (singer), Suzy, Portuguese singer * January 25 ** Christian Olsson, Swedish athlete ** Xavi, Spanish footballer ** Michelle McCool, American professional wrestler * January 27 – Marat Safin, Russian tennis player * January 28 – Nick Carter (musician), Nick Carter, American pop singer (Backstreet Boys) * January 29 ** Yael Bar Zohar, Israeli actress and model ** Jason James Richter, American actor


February

* February 2 – Nina Zilli, Italian singer-songwriter * February 5 – Robin Vik, Czech Republic, Czech tennis player * February 6 – Ryan Parmeter, American professional wrestler ** Mamiko Noto, Japanese actress and singer * February 8 – Yang Wei (gymnast), Yang Wei, Chinese gymnast * February 10 ** César Izturis, Venezuelan
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
player ** Steve Tully, English footballer * February 11 – Matthew Lawrence, American actor * February 12 ** Juan Carlos Ferrero, Spanish tennis player ** Christina Ricci, American actress ** Gucci Mane, American rapper * February 15 – Petr Elfimov, Belarusian singer * February 17 – Jason Ritter, American actor and producer * February 18 – Regina Spektor, Russian-American singer-songwriter * February 19 ** Mike Miller (basketball player), Mike Miller, American basketball player ** Ma Lin (table tennis), Ma Lin, Chinese table-tennis player * February 20 ** Imanol Harinordoquy, French rugby player ** Artur Boruc, Polish football (soccer) goalkeeper * February 21 ** Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan * February 22 – Jeanette Biedermann, German singer and actress * February 24 ** Emma Johnson (swimmer), Emma Johnson, Australian swimmer ** Shinsuke Nakamura, Japanese professional wrestler * February 26 – Júlio César da Silva e Souza, Brazilian footballer * February 27 ** Chelsea Clinton, daughter of U.S. President Bill Clinton and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton ** Don Diablo, Dutch DJ and producer * February 28 ** Tayshaun Prince, American basketball player ** Piotr Giza, Polish footballer


March

*
March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocletian ...
– Shahid Afridi, Pakistani cricketer * March 2 – Rebel Wilson, Australian actress *
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 & ...
– Katherine Waterston, American actress *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a st ...
– Omar Bravo, Mexican footballer * March 5 – Jessica Boehrs, German singer and actress * March 7 ** Murat Boz, Turkish singer and actor ** Laura Prepon, American actress ** Mart Toome, Estonian actor * March 10 – Chingy, American rapper, singer and actor * March 11 – Gabriela Pichler, Swedish film director and screenwriter * March 12 – Juliana Silveira, Brazilian actress * March 13 – Caron Butler, American basketball player * March 14 – Aaron Brown (footballer born 1980), Aaron Brown, English footballer *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
– Alexei Yagudin, Russian figure skater *
March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...
– Johan Olsson (skier), Johan Olsson, Swedish cross country skier * March 20 – Hamada Helal, Egyptian singer *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
** Ronaldinho, Brazilian footballer ** Marit Bjørgen, Norwegian cross-country skier * March 30 – Yalın, Turkish pop singer and songwriter * March 31 ** Maaya Sakamoto, Japanese voice actress and singer ** Chien-Ming Wang, Taiwanese
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
player


April

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– Randy Orton, American professional wrestler and actor * April 4 – Björn Wirdheim, Swedish racing driver * April 9 – Arlen Escarpeta, Belizean actor *
April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 140 ...
** Charlie Hunnam, English actor ** Andy Ram, Israeli tennis player *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Brian McFadden (singer), Brian McFadden, Irish pop singer * April 15 – Willie Mason, New Zealand-Australian rugby league player * April 16 ** Samir Javadzadeh, Azerbaijani singer ** Paul London, American professional wrestler * April 17 ** Brenda Villa, American water polo player **Kiril Petkov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria ** Lee Hyun-il, South Korean badminton player * April 20 ** Vibeke Skofterud, Norwegian cross country skier (d. 2018) ** Jasmin Wagner, German singer ** Waylon (Dutch singer), Waylon, Dutch singer * April 22 – Nicolas Douchez, French footballer * April 23 ** Małgorzata Socha, Polish actress ** Taio Cruz, British singer *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
** Austin Nichols, American actor ** Karen Asrian, Armenian chess Grandmaster (d. 2008) *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. * 1 ...
** Jordana Brewster, American actress and model ** Marlon King, Jamaican footballer ** Channing Tatum, American actor, producer and dancer * April 27 – Zayed Khan, Indian actor * April 28 – Josh Howard, American basketball player * April 29 ** Kian Egan, Irish singer (Westlife) ** Emmad Irfani, Pakistani model and TV actor *
April 30 Events Pre-1600 *311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends. *1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois. *1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
– Luis Scola, Argentine basketball player


May

*
May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. *1169 – N ...
– Ana Claudia Talancón, Mexican actress *
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. *1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
** Tim Borowski, German footballer ** Ellie Kemper, American actress and comedian * May 5 ** Maia Hirasawa, Swedish pop singer ** Yossi Benayoun, Israeli footballer * May 6 – Dimitris Diamantidis, Greek basketball player *
May 7 Events Pre-1600 * 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch. * 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...
– Johan Kenkhuis, Dutch swimmer *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. *1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
** Grant Hackett, Australian swimmer ** Carolin Kebekus, German comedian and actress *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 *1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. *1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Flo ...
– Alistair Overeem, Dutch mixed martial artist and kickboxer *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of ...
– Ali Zafar, Pakistani music composer, singer-songwriter, painter and actor * May 19 – Dean Heffernan, Australian footballer * May 21 – Gotye, Belgian-Australian multi-instrumentalist and singer-songwriter *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 1 ...
– Evelin Võigemast, Estonian actress and singer * May 24 – Cecilia Cheung, Hong Kong actress *
May 28 Events Pre-1600 *585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
** Mark Feehily, Irish singer ** Jørgen Strickert, Norwegian comedian * May 29 – Michael Stasko, Canadian actor * May 30 – Steven Gerrard, English footballer


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed k ...
– Damien Fahey, American MTV VJ, television host and drummer *
June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...
– Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, List of Amirs of Qatar, Emir of Qatar * June 6 – Mmusi Maimane, South African politician * June 8 – David Holoubek, Czech football manager *
June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. *1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I ...
** Matuzalém, Brazilian footballer ** Wang Yuegu, Singaporean Olympic table tennis player * June 13 ** Sarah Connor (singer), Sarah Connor, German singer ** Juan Carlos Navarro (basketball), Juan Carlos Navarro, Spanish basketball player * June 16 ** Brad Gushue, Canadian curler ** Joey Yung, Hong Kong singer * June 17 – Venus Williams, American tennis player * June 21 ** Richard Jefferson, American basketball player ** Branko Bošković, Montenegrin footballer * June 22 – Ilya Bryzgalov, Russian ice hockey player * June 23 ** Erick Elías, Mexican actor ** Mark Greaney, Irish singer and guitarist ** Ramnaresh Sarwan, West Indian cricketer ** Manus Boonjumnong, Thai boxer ** Niusila Opeloge, Samoan weightlifter ** Melissa Rauch, American actress * June 24 ** Minka Kelly, American actress ** Cicinho, Brazilian footballer *
June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...
– Philippe Lacheau, French actor, director and writer * June 26 – Rafiz Abu Bakar, Malaysian footballer *
June 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded. *1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England. * 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
– Kevin Pietersen, South African-English cricketer *
June 29 Events Pre-1600 * 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei. *1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi. * 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– Katherine Jenkins, Welsh soprano * June 30 ** Adil Annani, Moroccan long-distance runner ** Ryan ten Doeschate, Dutch cricketer ** Alireza Vahedi Nikbakht, Iranian footballer ** Nelbert Omolon, Filipino professional basketball player


July

* July 1 ** Nelson Cruz, Dominican baseball player ** Shon Seung-mo, South Korean badminton player * July 3 ** Olivia Munn, American actress and model ** Harbhajan Singh, Indian international cricketer * July 5 ** Zayed Khan, Indian actor and producer ** Fabián Ríos (actor), Fabián Ríos, Colombian actor and model * July 6 ** Pau Gasol, Spanish basketball player ** Eva Green, French actress and model * July 7 ** Gerti Bogdani, Albanian politician ** Marika Domińczyk, Polish American actress ** Michelle Kwan, American figure skater * July 8 – Robbie Keane, Irish footballer * July 10 ** Cláudia Leitte, Brazilian singer ** Jessica Simpson, American singer * July 11 – Mathias Boe, Danish badminton player * July 12 – Kristen Connolly, American actress * July 13 – Pejman Nouri, Iranian football player * July 15 ** JW-Jones, Canadian blues musician ** Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (d. 2017) * July 16 ** Svetlana Feofanova, Russian pole-vaulter ** Adam Scott (golfer), Adam Scott, Australian golfer * July 17 ** Brett Goldstein, British actor, comedian and writer ** Rashid Ramzi, Moroccan-Bahraini athlete * July 18 ** Kristen Bell, American actress ** David Blu (born David Bluthenthal), American–Israeli basketball player *
July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
** Yeoh Kay Bin, Malaysian badminton player ** Mark Webber (actor), Mark Webber, American actor * July 20 ** Gisele Bündchen, Brazilian supermodel ** Jin Goo, South Korean actor * July 21 – CC Sabathia, American baseball player * July 22 ** Dirk Kuyt, Dutch footballer ** Kate Ryan, Belgian singer-songwriter * July 26 – Jacinda Ardern, 40th Prime Minister of New Zealand *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
– Dolph Ziggler, Nick Nemeth, American professional wrestler * July 29 – Fernando González, Chilean tennis player


August

*
August 3 Events Pre-1600 * 8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats the Dalmatae on the river Bosna. * 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emper ...
– Nadia Ali (singer), Nadia Ali, Pakistani-American singer-songwriter * August 5 – Wayne Bridge, English footballer * August 6 – Will Pan, American-Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor * August 9 – Dominic Tabuna, Nauruan politician * August 11 – Monika Pyrek, Polish pole vaulter * August 16 ** Julien Absalon, French mountain biker ** Vanessa Carlton, American singer *
August 17 Events Pre-1600 *309/310 – Pope Eusebius is banished by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicily, where he dies, possibly from a hunger strike. * 682 – Pope Leo II begins his pontificate. * 986 – Byzantine–Bulgarian wars: Battle ...
– Lene Marlin, Norwegian singer and musician * August 18 – Damion Stewart, Jamaican footballer * August 21 – Paul Menard, American race car driver * August 23 – Rex Grossman, American football player * August 26 ** Macaulay Culkin, American actor ** Chris Pine, American actor * August 29 ** William Levy (actor), William Levy, Cuban-American actor ** David West (basketball), David West, American basketball player


September

*
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
** Jennie Finch, American softball player ** Jason McCaslin, Canadian Guitarist ** Polina Smolova, Belarusian singer *
September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Colu ...
** Samuel Peter, Nigerian boxer and heavyweight champion ** Joseph Yobo, Nigerian footballer * September 7 ** Nigar Jamal, Azerbaijani singer, Eurovision Song Contest 2011 winner ** Gabriel Milito, Argentine footballer * September 9 – Michelle Williams (actress), Michelle Williams, American actress * September 10 – Mikey Way, American musician (My Chemical Romance) * September 11 – Mike Comrie, Canadian ice hockey player *
September 12 Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin ...
** Yao Ming, Chinese basketball player ** Hiroyuki Sawano, Japanese composer * September 13 – Ben Savage, American actor * September 15 ** Jolin Tsai, Taiwanese singer ** Faiz Khaleed, Malaysian astronaut *
September 21 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Rome with a Gallic army and consolidates his power. * 1170 – The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Norman invaders. * 1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian leader Lembitu and Livonian ...
** Kareena Kapoor, Indian actress ** Autumn Reeser, American actress * September 24 – Victoria Pendleton, English cyclist * September 25 – T.I., African-American rap artist, film and music producer, actor and author *
September 26 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. * 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. *1087 – William II is crown ...
– Daniel Sedin, Daniel and Henrik Sedin, Swedish ice hockey players * September 29 – Zachary Levi, American actor and singer *
September 30 Events Pre-1600 * 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time. * 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their b ...
** Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player ** Guillermo Rigondeaux, Cuban boxer


October

* October 4 ** Me'Lisa Barber, American athlete ** Tomáš Rosický, Czech footballer *
October 5 Events Pre-1600 * 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor. * 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope. * 869 – The Fourth Coun ...
** James Toseland, English motorcycle racer ** Joakim Brodén, Swedish-Czech Singer * October 8 ** The Miz, Michael Mizanin, American professional wrestler ** Nick Cannon, American comedian, rapper, and television host *
October 10 Events Pre-1600 * 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali. * 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France. *1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with ...
** Sherine, Egyptian singer ** Lynn Hung, Hong Kong actress * October 12 – Ledley King, English footballer * October 13 ** Ashanti (singer), Ashanti, American singer, songwriter, record producer, model, dancer, and actress ** Scott Parker, English footballer *
October 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. * 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
– Ben Whishaw, English actor * October 15 – Tom Boonen, Belgian cyclist * October 16 – Sue Bird, Israeli-American basketball player * October 17 – Yekaterina Gamova, Russian volleyball player *
October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...
– Reetinder Singh Sodhi, Indian cricket player * October 19 – José Bautista, Dominican baseball player *
October 21 Events Pre-1600 *1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade. *1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of A ...
– Kim Kardashian, American socialite and television personality * October 24 ** Monica (singer), Monica, American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman ** Casey Wilson, American actress and comedian


November

* November 5 ** Luke Hemsworth, Australian actor ** Christoph Metzelder, German footballer * November 6 – Anri Jokhadze, Georgian pop singer ** Pål Sverre Hagen, Norwegian actor * November 7 – Gervasio Deferr, Spanish gymnast * November 9 – Vanessa Lachey, American television personality, fashion model, and beauty queen *
November 10 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Emperor Leo II dies after a reign of ten months. He is succeeded by his father Zeno, who becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. * 937 – Ten Kingdoms: Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang ...
– Calvin Chen, Taiwanese pop singer * November 12 – Ryan Gosling, Canadian actor and musician * November 13 – Stalin González, Venezuelan lawyer and politician * November 15 – Kevin Staut, French equestrian * November 16 – Kayte Christensen, American basketball player * November 18 – François Duval, Belgian rally driver * November 21 ** Hiroyuki Tomita, Japanese gymnast ** Elaine Yiu, Hong Kong actress * November 26 – Satoshi Ohno, Japanese singer * November 28 – Lisa Middelhauve, German singer (Xandria) * November 29 ** Janina Gavankar, American actress and musician ** Ilias Kasidiaris, Greek politician


December

* December 3 – Anna Chlumsky, American actress * December 5 – Ibrahim Maalouf, Lebanese-born French trumpeter * December 7 – John Terry, English footballer * December 9 – Simon Helberg, American actor, comedian and musician * December 10 – Sarah Chang, American violinist * December 13 – Bosco Wong, Hong Kong actor * December 18 ** Christina Aguilera, American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality ** Mark Essien, Nigerian entrepreneur, founder of Hotels.ng * December 19 – Jake Gyllenhaal, American actor * December 20 – Ashley Cole, English footballer * December 21 – Stefan Liv, Swedish ice hockey player * December 31 – Richie McCaw, New Zealand rugby player


Deaths


January

* January 1 ** Adolph Deutsch, American composer (b. 1897) ** Pietro Nenni, Italian politician (b. 1891) ** Frank Wykoff, American Olympic athlete (b. 1909) * January 2 – Alessandro Bruschetti, Italian artist (b. 1910) * January 3 – Joy Adamson, Austrian-born conservationist and author (b. 1910; murdered) * January 6 – Piersanti Mattarella, President of Sicily (b. 1935; assassinated) * January 7 – Simonne Mathieu, French tennis champion (b. 1908) * January 8 – John Mauchly, American physicist and inventor (b. 1907) * January 11 – Barbara Pym, English novelist (b. 1913) * January 13 – Andre Kostelanetz, Russian conductor and arranger (b. 1901) * January 18 – Sir Cecil Beaton, English photographer (b. 1904) *
January 21 Events Pre-1600 * 763 – Following the Battle of Bakhamra between Alids and Abbasids near Kufa, the Alid rebellion ends with the death of Ibrahim, brother of Isa ibn Musa. * 1525 – The Swiss Anabaptist Movement is founded when ...
– Georges Painvin, French cryptographer (b. 1886) * January 22 ** Walter Pym (actor), Walter Pym, Australian actor (b. 1905) ** Teresa Noce, Italian labor leader, activist, and journalist (b. 1900) * January 24 – Lil Dagover, German actress (b. 1887) * January 27 ** Hans Aeschbacher, Swiss sculptor (b. 1906) ** Peppino De Filippo, Italian actor (b. 1903) * January 28 – Franco Evangelisti (composer), Franco Evangelisti, Italian composer (b. 1926) * January 29 – Jimmy Durante, American actor, singer and comedian (b. 1893) * January 30 ** Maria Bolognesi, Italian Roman Catholic laywoman, mystic and blessed (b. 1924) ** Professor Longhair, American musician (b. 1918) *
January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. *1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
– Eduardo Cáceres, Guatemalan politician (b. 1906)


February

* February 2 ** Hanna Rovina, Russian-born Israeli actress (b. 1889) ** William Howard Stein, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) * February 7 – Richard Williams (RAAF officer), Sir Richard Williams, Royal Australian Air Force officer (b. 1890) * February 8 ** Nikos Xilouris, Greek pop singer (b. 1936) ** Francesco Zucchetti, French Olympic cyclist (b. 1902) * February 10 – Wels Eicke, Australian rules football player (b. 1893) * February 11 – R. C. Majumdar, Indian historian (b. 1884) * February 13 – David Janssen, American actor (b. 1931) * February 14 – Rudra Baruah, Luitkonwar Rudra Baruah, Assamese people, Assamese composer and actor (b. 1926) * February 17 – Graham Sutherland, English artist (b. 1903) * February 19 ** Robert Morrison (rower), Robert Morrison, British Olympic rower (b. 1902) ** Bon Scott, Scottish-born Australian rock singer ( AC/DC) (b. 1946) * February 20 – Alice Roosevelt Longworth, American writer and socialite (b. 1884) * February 21 – Aldo Andreotti, Italian mathematician (b. 1924) * February 22 – Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian painter and poet (b. 1886) * February 23 – Enrico Celio, Swiss politician, 49th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1889) * February 24 ** Michael Browne (bishop of Galway), Michael Browne, Irish Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1895) ** Clement Martyn Doke, South African linguist (b. 1893) * February 26 – Mario Mattoli, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1898) * February 27 – Shin'ichi Hisamatsu, Japanese philosopher (b. 1889) * February 29 – Yigal Allon, Israeli politician and army general (b. 1918)


March

*
March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocletian ...
** Dixie Dean, English football player (b. 1907) ** Daniil Khrabrovitsky, Soviet film director (b. 1923) ** Wilhelmina Cooper, Wilhelmina, Dutch-born American high-fashion model and owner of model agency (b. 1940) * March 5 – Jay Silverheels, Canadian actor (b. 1912) * March 6 – Barbara Brukalska, Polish architect (b. 1899) * March 9 ** Nikolay Bogolyubov (actor), Nikolay Bogolyubov, Soviet and Russian actor (b. 1899) ** Olga Chekhova, Russian-German actress (b. 1897) * March 13 – Roland Symonette, 1st Prime Minister of the Bahamas, Premier of the Bahamas (b. 1898) * March 14 ** Anna Jantar, Polish singer (b. 1950) ** Mohammad Hatta, Indonesia's first vice president (b. 1902) ** Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish naturalist and television presenter (b. 1928) * March 17 – Boun Oum, 4th Prime Minister of Laos (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
** Elsa Goveia, Guyanese-born Jamaican scholar (b. 1925) ** Erich Fromm, German-born psychologist and philosopher (b. 1900) ** Louise Lovely, Australian actress (b. 1895) ** Tamara de Lempicka, Polish-born painter (b. 1898) * March 24 ** Pierre Etchebaster, French real tennis player (b. 1893) ** Óscar Romero, Salvadorian Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1917) * March 25 ** Erminio Macario, Italian actor (b. 1902) ** Walter Susskind, Czech conductor (b. 1913) ** Milton H. Erickson, American psychiatrist (b.1901) *
March 26 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. *1021 – On the feast of Eid al-Adha, the death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret for six weeks, ...
– Roland Barthes, French literary critic and writer (b. 1915) *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
** Helena Bochořáková-Dittrichová, Czechoslovak illustrator (b. 1894) ** Dick Haymes, Argentine actor and singer (b. 1918) * March 29 – Mantovani, Italian-born conductor and arranger (b. 1905) * March 30 – Tôn Đức Thắng, 2nd President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) (b. 1888) * March 31 ** Vladimír Holan, Czech poet (b. 1905) ** Jesse Owens, American Olympic athlete (b. 1913)


April

* April 6 – Nils Ericson (actor), Nils Ericson, Swedish actor (b. 1906) *
April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 140 ...
– Kay Medford, American actress and singer (b. 1919) * April 11 – Ümit Kaftancıoğlu, Turkish writer (b. 1935) *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
** Clark McConachy, New Zealand snooker and billiards player (b. 1895) **
William Tolbert William Richard Tolbert Jr. (13 May 1913 – 12 April 1980) was a Liberian politician who served as the 20th president of Liberia from 1971 until 1980. Tolbert was an Americo-Liberian and trained as a civil servant before entering the House of ...
, 20th President of Liberia (b. 1913) * April 13 – Karl Stegger, Danish actor (b. 1913) * April 15 – Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905) * April 20 – Helmut Käutner, German director (b. 1908) * April 21 – Sohrab Sepehri, Persian poet and painter (b. 1928) * April 22 ** Jane Froman, American singer and actress (b. 1907) ** Fritz Strassmann, German chemist (b. 1902) *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Alejo Carpentier, Cuban writer (b. 1904) *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. * 1 ...
– Cicely Courtneidge, British actress (b. 1893) * April 27 – Mario Bava, Italian director (b. 1914) * April 29 – Alfred Hitchcock, British film director (b. 1899) *
April 30 Events Pre-1600 *311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends. *1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois. *1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus hi ...
– Luis Muñoz Marín, the first elected Governor of Puerto Rico (1949 to 1965) (b. 1898)


May

*
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. *1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprison ...
** George Pal, Hungarian-born animator and producer (b. 1904) *
May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
** Kay Hammond, English actress (b. 1909) ** Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav communist military and political leader, 19th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia and 1st President of Yugoslavia (b. 1892) * May 5 – Isabel Briggs Myers, American psychological theorist and co-creator of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (b. 1897) *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. *1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. *1386 – England and Portugal formally rati ...
** Prince Himalaya of Nepal (b. 1921) ** Kate Molale, South African anti-apartheid activist (b. 1928) * May 12 – Lillian Roth, American actress (b. 1910) *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 *1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. * 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. *1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
**Carl Ebert, German theatre and opera director (b. 1887) **Hugh Griffith, Welsh actor (b. 1912) **Fatmawati, inaugural First Spouses of Indonesia, First Lady of Indonesia (b. 1923) * May 16 – Marin Preda, Romanian writer (b. 1922) *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of ...
** David A. Johnston, American volcanologist (b. 1949) (killed by 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, eruption of Mount St. Helens) ** Ian Curtis, English musician and singer (b. 1956) ** Reid Blackburn, photojournalist for National Geographic (magazine), National Geographic (b. 1952; also killed by 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, eruption of Mount St. Helens) ** Harry R. Truman, owner/operator of Mt. St. Helens Lodge (b. 1896; killed by 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, eruption of Mount St. Helens) *
May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose her ...
– Jack Walsh (cricketer), Jack Walsh, Australian cricketer (b. 1912) * May 21 – Ida Kamińska, Polish-born Jewish actress, playwright and translator (b. 1899) *
May 28 Events Pre-1600 *585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...
– Rolf Nevanlinna, Finnish mathematician (b. 1895)


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed k ...
– Rube Marquard, American baseball player (New York Giants (MLB), New York Giants) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1886) * June 2 – Stanley Forman Reed, American lawyer and politician (b. 1884) * June 6 – Gualtiero De Angelis, Italian actor and voice actor (b. 1899) * June 7 ** Lillian Dean, Australian photographer and local politician (b. c.1899) ** Philip Guston, American painter (b. 1913) ** Henry Miller, American writer (b. 1891) ** Marian Spychalski, Polish architect and politician, former Polish Council of State, head of State (b. 1908) * June 8 ** Ernst Busch (actor), Ernst Busch, German singer and actor (b. 1900) ** Alfredo Brilhante da Costa, Brazilian football player (b. 1904) * June 9 – Shyam Kumari Khan, Indian lawyer (b. 1904) * June 12 ** Billy Butlin, South African-born Canadian founder of Butlins, Butlins Holiday Camps (b. 1899) ** Masayoshi Ōhira, Japanese politician, 43rd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1910) * June 13 – Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian and political figure (b. 1942) * June 14 – Sante Spessotto, Italian Roman Catholic priest and saint (b. 1923) * June 18 – Terence Fisher, British director (b. 1904) * June 21 – Bert Kaempfert, German orchestra leader and songwriter (b. 1923) * June 23 ** Clyfford Still, American painter (b. 1904) ** V. V. Giri, Indian politician and 4th President of India (b. 1894) * June 24 – Boris Kaufman, Russian cinematographer (b. 1897) * June 26 – List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch Ignatius Jacob III (b. 1912) * June 28 – José Iturbi, Spanish conductor and musician (b. 1895) *
June 29 Events Pre-1600 * 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei. *1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi. * 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– Jorge Basadre, Peruvian historian (b. 1903)


July

* July 1 – C. P. Snow, British physicist and novelist (b. 1905) * July 3 ** Deng Hua, Chinese general (b. 1910) ** Abdelhamid Sharaf, 51st Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1939) * July 4 – Gregory Bateson, British anthropologist, anthropology, anthropologist, social sciences, social scientist, linguistics, linguist, semiotics, semiotician and cybernetics, cyberneticist (b. 1904) * July 6 – Gail Patrick, American actress (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) * July 7 – Prince Dmitri Alexandrovich of Russia (b. 1901) * July 8 – Rudolf Creutz, Austrian criminal (b. 1896) * July 9 – Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian writer, poet and diplomat (b. 1913) *July 10 – Leonidas Zervas, Greek organic chemist (b. 1902) * July 13 – Seretse Khama, 1st President of Botswana (b. 1921) * July 17 – Boris Delaunay, Russian mathematician (b. 1890) *
July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
Nihat Erim İsmail Nihat Erim (30 November 1912 – 19 July 1980) was a Turkish politician and jurist. He served as the 13th Prime Minister of Turkey for almost 14 months after the 1971 Turkish military memorandum. He was assassinated by the Revolutionar ...
, Turkish politician and jurist, 30th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1912) * July 20 – Lado Gudiashvili, Soviet painter (b. 1896) * July 21 – Salah al-Din al-Bitar, Syrian politician, 2-time Prime Minister of Syria (b. 1912) * July 22 – Hans-Georg Bürger, German racing driver (b. 1952) * July 24 – Peter Sellers, British comedian and actor (b. 1925) * July 25 – Vladimir Vysotsky, Soviet singer-songwriter, poet and actor (b. 1938) * July 26 – Kenneth Tynan, English theatre critic (b. 1927) *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Pahlavi dynasty, Shah of Iran (b. 1919) * July 28 – Maria Luisa Monteiro da Cunha, Brazilian librarian (b. 1908) *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islan ...
– Lucien Dalsace, French actor (b. 1893) * July 31 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist (b. 1902)


August

*
August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– Patrick Depailler, French racing driver (b. 1944) *
August 4 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
– Ioan Arhip, Romanian general (b. 1890) * August 9 ** Harry Bell (Australian footballer), Harry Bell, Australian footballer (b. 1897) ** Jacqueline Cochran, Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran, American pilot (b. 1906) * August 10 ** Gareth Evans (philosopher), Gareth Evans, British philosopher (b. 1946) ** Yahya Khan, Pakistani general and statesman, 3rd President of Pakistan (b. 1917) * August 14 – Dorothy Stratten, Canadian actress and model (b. 1960) * August 18 – Arman (actor), Arman, Iranian-born Soviet actor (b. 1921) *
August 19 Events Pre-1600 *295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later know ...
– Otto Frank, German father of Jewish diarist Anne Frank (b. 1889) * August 20 – Joe Dassin, American-born French singer-songwriter (b. 1938) * August 22 – Gabriel González Videla, 24th President of Chile (b. 1898) * August 25 – Gower Champion, American theatre director, choreographer and dancer (b. 1919) * August 26 – Tex Avery, American animator and director (b. 1908) * August 29 – Franco Basaglia, Italian psychiatrist and professor (b. 1924)


September

*
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
** Barbara O'Neil, American actress (b. 1909) ** Dirch Passer, Danish actor (b. 1926) * September 4 ** Pepe Abad, Spanish-born Chilean television presenter and radio host (b. 1932) ** George Murray Burnett, British mathematician and chemist (b. 1921) *
September 5 Events Pre-1600 * 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu. *1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava *1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry ...
– Don Banks, Australian composer (b. 1923) * September 8 – Willard Libby, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1908) * September 9 – Manzoor Ali Khan, Pakistani classical singer (b. 1922) *
September 12 Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin ...
– Lillian Randolph, American actress (b. 1898) * September 14 – Domingo Acedo, Spanish football player (b. 1898) * September 15 – Bill Evans, American jazz pianist (b. 1929) * September 16 – Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist (b. 1896) * September 17 – Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua 1967–72, 1974-79 (b. 1925) * September 18 – Katherine Anne Porter, American author (b. 1890) * September 19 – Sol Lesser, American film producer (b. 1890) * September 23 – Jacobus Johannes Fouché, 5th President of South Africa (b. 1898) * September 25 ** John Bonham, British rock drummer (Led Zeppelin) (b. 1948) ** Lewis Milestone, American film director (b. 1895) ** Marie Under, Estonian poet (b. 1883)


October

* October 2 – John Kotelawala, Sri Lanka soldier and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Ceylon (b. 1895) * October 6 – Hattie Jacques, British actress (b. 1922) * October 7 – Sydney Gordon Russell, English designer and craftsman (b. 1892) *
October 10 Events Pre-1600 * 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali. * 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France. *1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with ...
– Elizabeth Rummel, German-Canadian mountaineer and environmental activist (b. 1897) * October 12 – Alberto Demicheli, Uruguayan political figure, former president of Uruguay (de facto) (b. 1896) * October 15 – Prince Peter of Greece and Denmark (b. 1908) *
October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philos ...
– Hans Ehard, German lawyer and politician (b. 1887) *
October 21 Events Pre-1600 *1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade. *1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of A ...
** Hans Asperger, Austrian pediatrician after whom Asperger syndrome was named (b. 1906) ** Valko Chervenkov, Bulgarian Communist leader and statesman, 34th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1900) ** Edelmiro Julián Farrell, Argentine general, 28th President of Argentina (b. 1887) * October 23 **Tibor Rosenbaum, Hungarian-born Swiss rabbi and businessman (b. 1923) **Mariano Suárez, Ecuadorian politician, 27th President of Ecuador (b. 1897) *
October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...
**Virgil Fox, American organist (b. 1912) ** Víctor Galíndez, Argentine boxer (b. 1948) ** Sahir Ludhianvi, Urdu/Hindustani poet and Hindi film lyricist (b. 1921) * October 26 – Marcelo Caetano, Portuguese politician and scholar, 101st Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1906) *
October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as ...
** Steve Peregrin Took, British rock musician (b. 1949) ** John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899) * October 29 – Giorgio Borġ Olivier, Maltese politician and statesman, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) *
October 31 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor. * 683 – During the Siege of Mecca, the Kaaba catches fire and is burned down. * 802 – Empress Irene is deposed and banished to Lesbos. Co ...
– Jan Werich, Czech actor, playwright and writer (b. 1905)


November

*
November 4 Events Pre-1600 *1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. *1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico. *1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's ...
** Elsie MacGill, Canadian aeronautical engineer (b. 1904) ** Johnny Owen, Welsh professional boxer (b. 1956) * November 7 – Steve McQueen, American actor (b. 1930) * November 9 ** Gloria Guinness, Mexican-born American fashion icon (b. 1912) *
November 10 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Emperor Leo II dies after a reign of ten months. He is succeeded by his father Zeno, who becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire. * 937 – Ten Kingdoms: Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang ...
– Marion Ellen Lea Allnutt, Marion Allnutt, welfare worker and full-time secretary and commanding officer of the NGO, Women's Australian National Services (WANS) (b. 1896) * November 16 ** Boris Aronson, Russian set designer (b. 1898) ** Imogen Hassall, English actress (b. 1942) * November 18 – Conn Smythe, Canadian NHL coach (b. 1895) * November 20 ** Avtandil Gogoberidze, Soviet football player (b. 1922) ** John McEwen, Sir John McEwen, Australian politician, 18th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1900) * November 21 – Sara García, Mexican actress (b. 1895) * November 22 ** Norah McGuinness, Northern Irish painter and illustrator (b. 1901) ** Mae West, American actress (b. 1893) ** Leonard Barr, American stand-up comic, actor, and dancer (b. 1903) * November 24 **George Raft, American actor (b. 1901) **Molly Reilly, Canadian aviator (b. 1922) * November 25 – Herbert Flam, American tennis player (b. 1928) * November 26 – Rachel Roberts (actress), Rachel Roberts, British actress (b. 1927) * November 27 – F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect (b. 1882) * November 29 ** Dorothy Day, American journalist, activist, Roman Catholic convert and Servant of God (b. 1897) ** Babe London, American actress and comedian (b. 1901)


December

*
December 2 Events Pre-1600 *1244 – Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon. * 1409 – The University of Leipzig opens. 1601–1900 *1697 – St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren followin ...
– Romain Gary, Lithuanian-born writer (b. 1914) * December 3 – Sir Oswald Mosley, British fascist leader (b. 1896) * December 4 ** Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Portuguese lawyer, 109th Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1934) ** Stanisława Walasiewicz, Polish-born runner (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) * December 7 – Darby Crash, American rock songwriter, singer (b. 1958) *
December 8 Events Pre-1600 * 395 – Later Yan is defeated by its former vassal Northern Wei at the Battle of Canhe Slope. * 757 – The poet Du Fu returns to Chang'an as a member of Emperor Xuanzong's court, after having escaped the city durin ...
John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940) * December 10 – Patriarch Benedict I of Jerusalem (b. 1892) * December 12 – Bruno Bartolozzi, Italian composer (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) *
December 14 Events Pre-1600 * 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia. * 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...
– Nichita Smochină, Moldovan activist (b. 1894) *
December 16 Events Pre-1600 * 714 – Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. * 755 ...
** Colonel Sanders, American fast-food entrepreneur (b. 1890) ** Hellmuth Walter, German engineer and inventor (b. 1900) ** Peter Collinson (film director), Peter Collinson, British film director (b. 1936) * December 18 ** Alexei Kosygin, Soviet politician, Premier of the Soviet Union (b. 1904) ** Sir Albert Margai, 2nd Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (b. 1910) * December 19 – Héctor José Cámpora, Argentine Peronist politician, 38th President of Argentina (b. 1909) * December 21 – Marc Connelly, American playwright (b. 1890) * December 24 ** Karl Dönitz, German admiral and 4th President of Germany (b. 1891) ** Heikki Liimatainen (athlete), Heikki Liimatainen, Finnish Olympic athlete (b. 1894) * December 29 – Tim Hardin, American musician (b. 1941) * December 31 ** Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author and professor (b.
1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...
) ** Raoul Walsh, American film director (b. 1887)


Date unknown

* Nureddine Rifai, 25th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1899)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – James Watson Cronin, Val Logsdon Fitch * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Baruj Benacerraf, Jean Dausset, George D. Snell * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Czesław Miłosz * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Adolfo Pérez Esquivel * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Lawrence Klein


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1980 1980, Leap years in the Gregorian calendar