Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir ( ota, شہزادہ محمد عبدالقادر; 16 January 1878 – 16 March 1944) was an Ottoman prince, the son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his wife

Bidar Kadın Bidar Kadın (; kbd, Талъостэн Бидэр; 5 May 1855 – 13 January 1918; meaning "Attentive, enlightened" in Persian language, Persian) was the fourth consort of Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire. Early life Of Kabardian ...

Early life

Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir was born on 16 January 1878 in the

Yıldız Palace Yıldız Palace ( tr, Yıldız Sarayı, ) is a vast complex of former imperial Ottoman pavilions and villas in Istanbul, Turkey, built in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was used as a residence by the sultan and his court in the late 19th ...

. His father was Sultan Abdul Hamid II, son of Sultan

Abdulmejid I Abdulmejid I ( ota, عبد المجيد اول, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i evvel, tr, I. Abdülmecid; 25 April 182325 June 1861) was the 31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on 2 July 1839. His reign was notable for the r ...

and

Tirimüjgan Kadın ota, تیر مژکان قادین , birth_name = , birth_date = 16 October 1819 , birth_place = Circassia , death_date = , death_place = Feriye Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (present day Istanbul, Turkey) , burial_place ...

. His mother was

, a Circassian. He was the second son, and fifth child born to his father, and the second child of his mother. He had a sister

Naime Sultan Fatma Naime Sultan ( ota, فاطمه نعيمه سلطان, "''who one abstain''" and "''tranquil''"; 5 September 1876 – 1945) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and Bidar Kadın. Early life Naime Sultan was born ...

two years elder then him. Abdülkadir's circumcision took place in 1891, together with his younger half-brothers,

Şehzade Ahmed Nuri Şehzade Ahmed Nuri ( ota, شہزادہ احمد نوری; 19 December 1878 – 7 August 1944) was an Ottoman prince, the third son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his wife Bedrifelek Kadın. Early years Şehzade Ahmed Nuri was born on 19 Decemb ...

, and

Şehzade Mehmed Burhaneddin ''Şehzade'' ( fa, شهزاده) is the Ottoman form of the Persian title '' Shahzadeh'', and refers to the male descendants of an Ottoman sovereign in the male line. This title is equivalent to " prince of the blood imperial" in English. Origi ...

Education and career

His early education took place in the Prince's School, Yıldız Palace, together with his elder brother,

Şehzade Mehmed Selim Şehzade Mehmed Selim ( ota, شہزادہ محمد سلیم; 11 January 1870 – 5 May 1937) was an Ottoman prince, the eldest son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his wife Bedrifelek Kadın. Early life Şehzade Mehmed Selim was born on 11 Janua ...

, and Sultan Abdulaziz's second son,

Abdulmejid II Abdulmejid II ( ota, عبد المجید ثانی, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i sânî, tr, II. Abdülmecid, 29 May 1868 – 23 August 1944) was the last Caliph of the Ottoman Dynasty, the only Caliph of the Republic of Turkey, and nominally the 37 ...

. His tutor was Halil Agha. He spoke several languages, and was a pianist and a violinist, and

kemenche Kemenche ( tr, kemençe) or Lyra is a name used for various types of stringed bowed musical instruments originating in the Eastern Mediterranean, particularly in Armenia, Greece, Iran, Turkey, and Azerbaijan. and regions adjacent to the Black S ...

player. He was taught to play the violin by violinist Vondra Bey, and his classical music teacher was Aranda Pasha. After graduating from the Prince's School, he was sent to

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

for his military education. He held the rank of major of cavalry regiment in the imperial Ottoman army. He was then promoted to colonel, and later to brigradier.

Personal life

When Abdülkadir came of age, his father arranged his marriage to Emine Sultan, daughter of Sultan Abdulaziz and

Nesrin Kadın Nasrin (translit. ''"nisriyn/ nisrīn";'' Nesrin, Nesrine or Nasreen; fa, نسرين) is a feminine given name in Persian, meaning " wild rose". It is among the most popular names given to girls born in Iran. Abdülkadir's first wife was Mislimelek Hanım. She was born in 1883. Her real name was Pakize Marshania. Her father was Prince Abdülkadir Hasan

Bey Bey ( ota, بك, beğ, script=Arab, tr, bey, az, bəy, tk, beg, uz, бек, kz, би/бек, tt-Cyrl, бәк, translit=bäk, cjs, пий/пек, sq, beu/bej, sh, beg, fa, بیگ, beyg/, tg, бек, ar, بك, bak, gr, μπέης) is ...

Marshania (1862–1917), an Abkhazian

Officer An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," f ...

in the Imperial Ottoman Army, whose family had migrated from the Caucasus, and her mother was Mevlüde Hanım. In 1890, aged seven, she was given to the palace, in order to become companion of her cousin

Nemika Sultan Emine Nemika Sultan ( ota, امینه نميكه سلطان; "''benign, trustworthy''" and "''graceful''"; 9 March 1888 – 6 September 1969) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Şehzade Mehmed Selim, son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II. Early lif ...

. She married Abdülkadir on 10 June 1898. The marriage was performed by the Sultan's Senior Imam, Hafız Raşid

Efendi Effendi or effendy ( tr, efendi ; ota, افندی, efendi; originally from grc-x-medieval, αφέντης ) is a title of nobility meaning '' sir'', ''lord'' or ''master'', especially in the Ottoman Empire and the Caucasus''.'' The title i ...

and witnessed by Cevher Ağa, Esvabcıbaşı İsmet Bey, Imam of Sinan Paşa Mosque, Mustafa Asım Efendi, and the imperial harem departure manager, Ali Rıza Efendi. The wedding took place on 21 June 1898. She was the mother of Şehzade Ahmed Orhan who died in 1901. At the exile of the imperial family in 1924, Mislimelek went to

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

, then in 1933 to

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...

and later to

Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares ...

in 1943, where she was imprisoned in a Nazi concentration camp between 1944–1945. At the end of World War II, she went to Beirut in 1946. She penned her memoirs in 1950s, and died in Tripoli, Lebanon, Tripoli in 1955. His second wife was Suhendan Hanım. She was born in 1882. She was an Abkhazian from Tokat. They married in 1902. She didn't have any children. They divorced in 1908. She died in 1929. His third wife was Mihriban Hanım. She was born in 1890. She was an Abkhazian born in Kayalar Memduhiye neighbourhood of Adapazarı. She had one brother. She was a slender, and beautiful woman, and had blonde hair. They married in 1907. She was the mother of Șehzade Mehmed Orhan, born in 1909. After the two divorced in 1913, she went to live with her brother. She died in Egypt between 1955–1956. His fourth wife was Pervin Hanım. She was born in 1880. They married in 1908 and divorced the same year. She died in 1917. His fifth wife was Hadice Macide Hanım. She was born in 1899. She was the daughter of Mustafa Şerif

, Colonel in the Imperial Ottoman Army. In 1913, Abdülkadir showed his intentions to marry Macide. However, the parliament rejected the match on the basis of her family's social status. The prince married Macide Hanım despite the refusal. As a result Abdülkadir and Macide were deprived of their status. Abdülkadir's salary was halved, and the children born of this marriage were deprived from titles and inheritance. She was the mother of Şehzade Ertuğrul Necib, born in 1914, and Şehzade Alaeddin Kadir, born in 1917. At the exile of the imperial family, Macide went to Hungary, where the couple divorced in 1925. She died in Vienna, First Austrian Republic, Austria, in 1934. His sixth wife was Meziyet Fatma Hanım. She was born in Crete in 1908. She was the daughter of Mecid Bey, Colonel in the Imperial Ottoman Army. In 1922, Abdülkadir fell in love with her. The marriage took place in the neighbourhood of Osman Ağa in Kadıköy, and was performed by Imam Süleyman Efendi in the presence of the representatives and witnesses of the parties. Soon after, the incident was reported to the council. On the other hand, a man named Selim Sipahi, alleged that Meziyet was his wife. However, his claim was rejected because before the marriage, they had obtained permission form the Heybeli Ada Imam Şevket Efendi and the Naib of Kartal District Court of religious law. However, as the marriage was performed without the parliament's permission, it was rejected. Meziyet and the children born from this marriage were deprived from their status. She was the mother of Bidar Sultan, born in 1924, and Neslişah Sultan, born in 1925. In accordance to the Surname Law, she took the surname "Osmanoğlu". She died on 13 November 1989, and was buried in Karacaahmet Cemetery, Istanbul. His seventh wife was Irène Imer. They married in 1925. She gave birth to Şehzade Osman the same year. They divorced in 1926.

Later life and death

On 27 April 1909, Abdul Hamid was deposed, and sent into exile in Thessaloniki. Abdülkadir, however, remained in Istanbul. After Thessaloniki fell to Greece in 1912, Abdul Hamid returned to Istanbul, and settled in the Beylerbeyi Palace, where he died in 1918. He had been allocated a villa on the grounds of the Yıldız Palace. Between 1909 and 1924, he lived in the Kızıltoprak Palace and Büyükdere waterfront Palace. At the exile of the imperial family in March 1924, Abdülkadir and his family settled in Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary. On 14 January 1925, he gave the power of attorney to Sami Günzberg, a well-known Turkish Jewish lawyer, authorising him to regain from usurpers buildings, lands, mines, concessions left by Abdul Hamid situated in Turkish territory and elsewhere. After which, he sold Abdülkadir's mansion in Feneryolu to the former Khediva Ikbal Hanim. However, he didn't send money to the prince. Günzberg also transferred the prince's stake in Mosul oil to the American Oil Company, and sent a small amount of money to the prince for ten years. Abdülkadir and his family later went to Sofia, Bulgaria, in 1933. In 1943, he renovated the mausoleum of Bali Efendi in Sofia. The prince suffered a heart attack in the bunker during an air raid of American aircraft on 16 March 1944. He died by being crushed during the stampede. He was buried in Sofia.

Honours

* Order of the House of Osman, Order of the House of Osman, Jeweled * Order of Glory (Ottoman Empire), Order of Glory, Jeweled * Order of Distinction (Ottoman Empire), Order of Distinction, Jeweled * Order of Osmanieh, Order of Osmanieh, Jeweled * Order of the Medjidie, Order of the Medjidie, Jeweled * Imtiyaz Medal, Imtiyaz Medal in Silver * Imtiyaz Medal, Imtiyaz Medal in Gold * Liakat Medal, Liakat War Medal in Gold * Hicaz Demiryolu Medal in Gold * Iftikhar Sanayi Medal, Iftikhar Sanayi Medal in Gold * Greek War Medal in Gold * Outstanding Navy Medal in Gold

Military appointments

;Military ranks and army appointments * Major of the Cavalry Regiment, Ottoman Army (1861–1922), Ottoman Army * Colonel of the Cavalry Regiment, Ottoman Army * Brigadier of the Cavalry Regiment, Ottoman Army

Issue

In popular culture

*In the 2017 TV series ''Payitaht: Abdülhamid'', Şehzade Mehmed Abdülkadir is portrayed by Turkish actor Can Sipahi.

Ancestry

References

Sources

* *

External links

*
Family Tree
descendants of Sultan Mahmud II. Retrieved 2011-02-28. {{DEFAULTSORT:Sehzade Mehmed Abdulkadir Abdul Hamid II Ottoman princes 1878 births 1944 deaths Civilians killed in World War II Deaths by airstrike during World War II Deaths by American airstrikes