Émile Arnaud (1864–1921) was a French lawyer, notary, and writer noted for his anti-war rhetoric and for coining the term "

pacifism Pacifism is the opposition or resistance to war, militarism (including conscription and mandatory military service) or violence. Pacifists generally reject theories of Just War. The word ''pacifism'' was coined by the French peace camp ...

". Arnaud founded the "Ligue Internationale de la Paix et de la Liberté" (International League for Peace and Freedom) in 1861 and was elected its first president. In 1901 he codified his beliefs into a treatise entitled the '' Code de la Paix'', outlining and defining the goals, political positions and

methodology In its most common sense, methodology is the study of research methods. However, the term can also refer to the methods themselves or to the philosophical discussion of associated background assumptions. A method is a structured procedure for br ...

of the

Peace movement A peace movement is a social movement which seeks to achieve ideals, such as the ending of a particular war (or wars) or minimizing inter-human violence in a particular place or situation. They are often linked to the goal of achieving world pe ...

in general. He described this new

political movement A political movement is a collective attempt by a group of people to change government policy or social values. Political movements are usually in opposition to an element of the status quo, and are often associated with a certain ideology. Some ...

as "

", setting it up as a counterbalance to the belligerence of emerging political ideologies such as socialism and

anarchism Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...

. He advocated humanism, charity and tolerance, non-violent conflict resolution and reaching mutually beneficial political solutions through establishing consensus. Emile was a speaker at the second Universal Peace Conference which was preceded by a service at

St Paul's Cathedral St Paul's Cathedral is an Anglicanism, Anglican cathedral in London and is the seat of the Bishop of London. The cathedral serves as the mother church of the Diocese of London. It is on Ludgate Hill at the highest point of the City of London ...

When France entered

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

in 1914 Arnaud volunteered for

military service Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, air forces, and naval forces, whether as a chosen job ( volunteer) or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription). Some nations (e.g., Mexico) require ...

, even though over age, and ended the war with the ''Croix de guerre''.

Publications

*L'organization de la paix . Berne: Bureau international de la paix, 1899. *"Code de la Paix", in: L'Indépendance belge, 1901. *Le Pacifisme et ses détracteurs . Paris: Aux bureaux de la Grande Revue, 1906.

References

*Imbusch, Peter; ''Peace and Conflict Studies: An Introduction''. VS Verlag, 2006, p. 527, *Mauermann, Helmut; ''The International Peace Bureau from 1892 to 1950.'' Silver Castle Science 284, Stuttgart (1990)

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Arnaud, Emile 1864 births 1921 deaths 19th-century French lawyers French pacifists French political writers French political philosophers 19th-century French writers 20th-century French writers 20th-century French male writers 19th-century French male writers French male non-fiction writers

Publications

See also

References

External links