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Yildirim Army Group
The Yildirim Army Group or Thunderbolt Army Group of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish: ''Yıldırım Ordular Grubu'') or Army Group F (German: ''Heeresgruppe F'') was an Army Group of the Ottoman Army during World War I. While being an Ottoman unit, it also contained the German Asia Corps. Starting in June 1917, the Yildirim Army Group's first commander in chief was the former Prussian Minister of War and Chief of Staff Erich von Falkenhayn. Von Falkenhayn was replaced by General of the Cavalry Otto Liman von Sanders on 25 February 1918. After the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, Mustafa Kemal took command until the Group's dissolution a few days later. Tactics The army group included troops who used the latest Western-Front infiltration tactics; were equipped with close-combat gear, such as Stahlhelms and stick-grenades; and were supported by artillery and machine guns. World War I Order of Battle, August 1917 In August 1917, the army group was structured as follows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Group
An army group is a military organization consisting of several field armies, which is self-sufficient for indefinite periods. It is usually responsible for a particular geographic area. An army group is the largest field organization handled by a single commander – usually a full general or field marshal – and it generally includes between 400,000 and 1,000,000 soldiers. In the Polish Armed Forces and former Soviet Red Army an army group was known as a Front. The equivalent of an army group in the Imperial Japanese Army was a "general army" (). Army groups may be multi-national formations. For example, during World War II, the Southern Group of Armies (also known as the U.S. 6th Army Group) comprised the U.S. Seventh Army and the French First Army; the 21st Army Group comprised the British Second Army, the Canadian First Army and the US Ninth Army. In both Commonwealth and U.S. usage, the number of an army group is expressed in Arabic numerals (e.g., "12th Army Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stahlhelm
The ''Stahlhelm'' () is a German military steel combat helmet intended to provide protection against shrapnel and fragments of grenades. The term ''Stahlhelm'' refers both to a generic steel helmet and more specifically to the distinctive German military design. The armies of major European powers introduced helmets of this type during World War I. The German Army began to replace the traditional boiled leather ''Pickelhaube'' () with the ''Stahlhelm'' in 1916. The ''Stahlhelm'', with its distinctive "coal scuttle" shape, was instantly recognizable and became a common element of propaganda on both sides, just like the ''Pickelhaube'' before it. The name was also used by ''Der Stahlhelm'', a post–World War I organization for German ex-servicemen that existed from 1918 to 1935. After World War II, the German () continued to call their standard helmet ''Stahlhelm'', but the design was based on the American M1 helmet. The ''Bundesgrenzschutz'' (), however, continued to use t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Infantry Division (Ottoman Empire)
The 19th Infantry Division was a formation of the Ottoman Army, during the Balkan Wars and the First World War. Two thirds of the division was made up of Syrian Arabs The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ..., who faced the first wave of the Allied invasion during the Gallipoli campaign, and one third were Turks. Formation :Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Mustafa Kemal * 57th Regiment: Major Hüseyin Avni **1st Battalion Captain Ahmet Zeki **2nd Battalion Captain Ata **3rd Battalion Captain Hayri *72nd Regiment: Major Mehmet Münir *77th Regiment: Major Saip *39th Artillery Regiment: Major Halil Galib (Tekaki) The 18th and 27th Regiments were also assigned to the division later in the Gallipoli campaign. References Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XV Corps (Ottoman Empire)
The XV Corps of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish: ''15'inci Kolordu'' ''or'' ''On Beşinci Kolordu'') was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during World War I. 480 soldiers of the XV Corps, who fought on the Galicia front and died, are buried at the Budapest Turkish Memorial Cemetery within the New Public Cemetery ( hu, Új köztemető) in Budapest, Hungary. Eleven graves are of unknown soldiers. World War I Eastern Front The XV Corps fought with distinction in several engagements. Their first combat engagement was on September 2, 1916. On September 16/17 the Russians attacked the XV Corps with emphasis on the 61st Regiment, but were forced back and counterattacked by the Ottomans. Ottoman casualties on these two days were 7,000 while Russian casualties totaled 15,000-20,000, which stabilized the XV Corps' section of the front for the next two weeks. On September 30 the Russians launched another attack, but were repulsed again; Turkish casualties were 5,000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
50th Infantry Division (Ottoman Empire)
50th Division or 50th Infantry Division may refer to: Infantry divisions: * 50th Division (1st Formation)(People's Republic of China) * 50th Infantry Division (German Empire) * 50th Reserve Division (German Empire) * 50th Infantry Division Regina, Kingdom of Italy * 50th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) * 50th (Northumbrian) Division, United Kingdom, World War I * 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division, United Kingdom, World War II Armoured divisions: * 50th Armored Division (United States) Aviation divisions: * 50th Air Division (United States) See also * 50 Divisions 50 Divisions refers to the 50 divisions of construction information, as defined by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)'s MasterFormat beginning in 2004. Before 2004, MasterFormat consisted of 16 Divisions. MasterFormat has continued ..., an American compilation of construction information * 50th Brigade (other) * 50th Regiment (other) * 50th Squadron (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
24th Infantry Division (Ottoman Empire)
24th Division may refer to: Infantry divisions *24th Infantry Division (Bangladesh) * 24th Division (German Empire) * 24th Reserve Division (German Empire) * 24th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht) * 24th ''Waffen'' Mountain Division of the SS ''Karstjäger'' * 24th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) * 24th Infantry Division (Poland) * 24th Infantry Division (Russian Empire) *24th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), now a Ukrainian Ground Forces brigade * 24th Division (Spain) * 24th Infantry Division (Syrian rebel group) *24th Division (United Kingdom) * 24th Infantry Division (United States) Cavalry divisions *24th Cavalry Division (Soviet Union) *24th Cavalry Division (United States) Armoured divisions *24th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht) Aviation divisions * 24th Fighter Division (China) * 24th Air Division, United States Other divisions * 24th Submarine Division, part of the Northern Fleet, Soviet Union and Russia See also *24th Brigade (other) 24th Brigade may refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
III Corps (Ottoman Empire)
The III Corps of the Ottoman Empire ( Turkish: ''3üncü Kolordu'' ''or'' ''Üçüncü Kolordu'') was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms. Formation Order of Battle, 1911 With further reorganizations of the Ottoman Army, to include the creation of corps level headquarters, by 1911 the III Corps was headquartered in Kırk Kilise. The Corps before the First Balkan War in 1911 was structured as such: *III Corps, Kırk Kilise ** 7th Infantry Division, Kırk Kilise (Miralay Hilmi) ***19th Infantry Regiment, Yemen ***20th Infantry Regiment, Kırk Kilise ***21st Infantry Regiment, Tırnovacık ***7th Rifle Battalion, Yemen ***7th Field Artillery Regiment, Kırk Kilise ***7th Division Band, Kırk Kilise ** 8th Infantry Division, Çorlu (Mirliva Celâl Pasha) ***22nd Infantry Regiment, Çorlu ***23rd Infantry Regiment, Saray ***24th Infantry Regiment, Samakof ***8th Rifle Battalion, Çorlu ***8th Field Artil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirliva
''Mirliva'' or ''Mîr-i livâ'' was a military rank of the Ottoman Army and Navy. It corresponds to a brigadier general (modern Turkish: ''Tuğgeneral'') in the modern Turkish Army. ''Mirliva'' is a compound word composed of ''Mir'' ( commander) and ''Liva'' (or ''Liwa'', "brigade" in Arabic). , Turkish Language Association The rank was junior to the '' Ferik'' () and superior to the rank '' |
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It is a unitary state, unitary republic that consists of Governorates of Syria, 14 governorates (subdivisions), and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, the east and southeast, Jordan to Jordan–Syria border, the south, and Israel and Lebanon to Lebanon–Syria border, the southwest. Cyprus lies to the west across the Mediterranean Sea. A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to demographics of Syria, diverse ethnic and religious groups, including the majority Syrians, Syrian Arabs, Kurds in Syria, Kurds, Syrian Turkmen, Turkmens, Assyrians in Syria, Assyrians, Armenians in Syria, Armenians, Circa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seventh Army (Ottoman Empire)
The Ottoman Seventh Army was a large military formation of the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Although designated as an army, at least by 1918, it was only of corps strength. The Seventh Army was established in 1877 for service in Arabia and the Yemen. By 1908 it consisted of the 13th and 14th infantry divisions, one cavalry regiment and one artillery regiment and they were involved in combatting insurgent tribesmen in the Yemen. World War I Order of Battle, August 1917 In August 1917, the army was structured as follows:Edward J. Erickson, ''Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War'', Greenwood Press, 2001, , p. 170. *Seventh Army, Syria (Mirliva Mustafa Kemal Pasha) **III Corps *** 24th Division, 50th Division **XV Corps *** 19th Division, 20th Division ** German Asia Corps In late 1917, commanded by Fevzi Pasha, the Seventh Army was ordered to advanced across the desert in order to bring pressure to bear upon Allenb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mushir
( ar, مشير) is an Arabic word meaning "counsellor" or "advisor". It is related to the word shura, meaning consultation or "taking counsel". As an official title, it historically indicates a personal advisor to the ruler. In this use it is roughly comparable to the European titles of State Counsellor and Counsellor of State. In a military context, became associated with the idea of the ruler's personal counsellor or advisor on military matters, and as such became the highest rank in Arab countries and the Ottoman Empire. It is used as the highest rank in most armed forces of the Middle East and North Africa, for armies, navies, and air forces. It is therefore equivalent to the ranks of Field Marshal and Admiral of the Fleet. Iraq In Iraq under the rule of Saddam Hussein, the Iraqi Navy maintained a fleet admiral rank known as . A Mushir was the most senior of all naval officers and the rank was rarely bestowed. The sleeve insignia was the same as a British Admiral o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yale University Press
Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University. It was founded in 1908 by George Parmly Day, and became an official department of Yale University in 1961, but it remains financially and operationally autonomous. , Yale University Press publishes approximately 300 new hardcover and 150 new paperback books annually and has a backlist of about 5,000 books in print. Its books have won five National Book Awards, two National Book Critics Circle Awards and eight Pulitzer Prizes. The press maintains offices in New Haven, Connecticut and London, England. Yale is the only American university press with a full-scale publishing operation in Europe. It was a co-founder of the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Harvard University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Series and publishing programs Yale Series of Younger Poets Since its inception in 1919, the Yale Series of Younger Poets Competition has published the first collectio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
