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Tavisupleba
"" ( ka, თავისუფლება, ; "Freedom") is the national anthem of Georgia. It was adopted as the Georgian national anthem in May 2004, along with a new national flag and coat of arms. The symbols' change was brought about upon the successful overthrow of the previous government in the bloodless Rose Revolution. The music, taken from the Georgian operas '' Abesalom da Eteri'' ("Abesalom and Eteri") and ''Daisi'' ("The Nightfall"), by the Georgian composer Zacharia Paliashvili ( ka, ზაქარია ფალიაშვილი), was adapted to form it by Ioseb Kechakmadze ( ka, იოსებ კეჭაყმაძე). The lyrics were composed by David Magradze ( ka, დავით მაღრაძე). History The current Georgian national anthem was adopted by the Parliament of Georgia on 20 May 2004, exactly five months after the resignation of President Eduard Shevardnadze in the Rose Revolution. A bill was introduced in the first plenary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dideba
"Dideba" ( ka, დიდება, "Glory") was the national anthem of Georgia from November 1990 to May 2004. It was previously the national anthem of Georgia from 1918 to 1921. History Background "Dideba" was written and composed by and was adopted by the " Menshevik"-led Georgian government as the country's national anthem in 1918 after it became free from Russian rule. However, "Dideba"'s usage in this manner was to be short-lived. It would only be used for a few years, until Georgia was invaded, occupied, and forcibly annexed by Russia in 1921 and came under Soviet rule from 1922 onward. Readoption After Georgia became free of Soviet rule in the early 1990s, "Dideba" was readopted as the Georgian national anthem, though at the time of its re-adoption it was barely known by most Georgians as it had been almost seven decades since it was last used as the country's national anthem. Replacement "Dideba" was used as the Georgian national anthem from November 1990 until 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zacharia Paliashvili
Zacharia Petres dze Paliashvili ( ka, ზაქარია ფალიაშვილი, ''Zakaria Paliaşvili''), also known as Zachary Petrovich Paliashvili (russian: Захарий Петрович Палиашви́ли, ''Zacharij Petrovič Paliašvili''; August 16, 1871 – October 6, 1933), was a Georgian composer. Regarded as one of the founders of the Georgian classical music, his work is known for its eclectic fusion of folk songs and stories with 19th-century Romantic classical themes. He was the founder of the Georgian Philharmonic Society and later, the head of the Tbilisi State Conservatoire. The Georgian National Opera and Ballet Theater of Tbilisi was named in his honor in 1937. Notably, Paliashvili's music serves as the basis of the National Anthem of Georgia. Although Paliashvili has composed works for symphony orchestra (e.g., ''Georgian Suite on Folk Themes''), he is probably best known for his vocal music, which includes operas '' Abesalom da Eteri'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikheil Saakashvili
Mikheil Saakashvili ( ka, მიხეილ სააკაშვილი ; uk, Міхеіл Саакашвілі ; born 21 December 1967) is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist.Ukraine Offers Saakashvili Post Of Deputy Prime Minister RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty (22 April 2020). He was the third for two consecutive terms from 25 January 2004 to 17 November 2013. From May 2015 until November 2016, Saakashvili was the |
Ioseb Kechakmadze
Ioseb Kechakmadze ( ka, იოსებ კეჭაყმაძე March 27, 1939 – March 24, 2013) was a Georgian composer. Early life and education Kechakmadze was born in Ozurgeti in the family of Ilia Kechakmadze and Elene Oragvelidze. He studied at Batumi Z. Paliashvili Music School from 1955 and then he continued his study at Tbilisi Central Ten Year Music School specializing in choral conducting. In 1960–1965, Kechakmadze studied at the Faculty of Composition of Tbilisi V.Sarajishvili Conservatoire, where he was supervised by Professor Iona Tuskia, Rector of the Conservatoire, and after his death, by composer David Toradze. Kechakmadze worked for Tbilisi Teachers' Republic House as a Chorusmeister and Concertmeister, while he studied at Ten Year Music School. During his study period at Tbilisi V. Sarajishvili Conservatoire he worked with Odysseas Dimitriadis at the Faculty of Choral Conducting. Career In 1966, Kechakmadze started working for the Presidium of Chor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Magradze
David "Dato" Magradze ( ka, დავით "დათო" მაღრაძე; born 28 June 1962) is a Georgian poet and politician. He is the author of lyrics of the current national anthem of Georgia, in use since 2004. Born to the family of the writer and literary scholar Elguja Magradze in Tbilisi, Magradze is a philologist by education trained at the Tbilisi State University. He first became prominent in the 1980s and edited the leading Georgian literary journal ''Tsiskari'' for several years. Under Eduard Shevardnadze, he served as Minister of Culture of Georgia from 1992 to 1995 and was elected to the Parliament of Georgia from 1999 until he resigned his position in the legislature in 2001. Magradze withdrew into opposition to Shevardnadze and supported the 2003 Rose Revolution which forced him to resign. By 2009, he had joined the opposition to President Mikheil Saakashvili and featured prominently in April 2009 rallies demanding Saakashvili's resignation. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (country)
Georgia (, ; ) is a transcontinental country at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is part of the Caucasus region, bounded by the Black Sea to the west, by Russia to the north and northeast, by Turkey to the southwest, by Armenia to the south, and by Azerbaijan to the southeast. The country covers an area of , and has a population of 3.7 million people. Tbilisi is its capital as well as its largest city, home to roughly a third of the Georgian population. During the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. In the early 4th century, ethnic Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to the spiritual and political unification of the early Georgian states. In the Middle Ages, the unified Kingdom of Georgia emerged and reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abesalom Da Eteri
''Abesalom da Eteri'' ( ka, აბესალომ და ეთერი; ''Abesalom and Eteri'') is an opera by the Georgian composer Zacharia Paliashvili and librettist Petre Mirianashvili (b. 1860) based on a medieval Georgian folk poem ''Eteriani''. Composed between 1909 and 1918, the work was partly staged in 1913 and first premiered in its present-day form on 21 February 1919 at the Georgian National Opera Theater in Tbilisi. The opera is an eclectic fusion of folk songs and traditional 19th-century Romantic classical themes. In 2004, several excerpts from this opera were adapted as the National Anthem of Georgia. Background and historical context When opera was first introduced in present-day Georgia during the 1840s, the performances were held in Italian and other Western European languages traditionally dominating the operatic art. At the time, as part of his conciliatory reforms, Russian Viceroy Mikhail Vorontsov went on to patronize Georgian-language theater pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European nations tend towards more ornate and operatic pieces, while those in the Middle East, Oceania, Africa, and the Caribbean use a more simplistic fanfare. Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom, Russia, and the former Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states. History In the early modern period, some European monarchies adopted royal anthems. Some of these anthems have survived into current use. "God Save the King/Queen", first performed in 1619, remains the royal anthem of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth realms. , adopted as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of speech sounds in written form.International Phonetic Association (IPA), ''Handbook''. The IPA is used by lexicographers, foreign language students and teachers, linguists, speech–language pathologists, singers, actors, constructed language creators, and translators. The IPA is designed to represent those qualities of speech that are part of lexical (and, to a limited extent, prosodic) sounds in oral language: phones, phonemes, intonation, and the separation of words and syllables. To represent additional qualities of speech—such as tooth gnashing, lisping, and sounds made with a cleft lip and cleft palate—an extended set of symbols may be used. Segments are transcribed by one or more IPA symbols of two basic types ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Language
Georgian (, , ) is the most widely-spoken Kartvelian language, and serves as the literary language or lingua franca for speakers of related languages. It is the official language of Georgia and the native or primary language of 87.6% of its population. Its speakers today number approximately four million. Classification No claimed genetic links between the Kartvelian languages and any other language family in the world are accepted in mainstream linguistics. Among the Kartvelian languages, Georgian is most closely related to the so-called Zan languages (Megrelian and Laz); glottochronological studies indicate that it split from the latter approximately 2700 years ago. Svan is a more distant relative that split off much earlier, perhaps 4000 years ago. Dialects Standard Georgian is largely based on the Kartlian dialect. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanization Of Georgian
Romanization of Georgian is the process of transliterating the Georgian language from the Georgian script into the Latin script. Georgian national system of romanization This system, adopted in February 2002 by the State Department of Geodesy and Cartography of Georgia and the Institute of Linguistics, Georgian National Academy of Sciences, establishes a transliteration system of the Georgian letters into Latin letters. The system was already in use, since 1998, on driving licenses. It is also used by BGN and PCGN since 2009, as well as in Google translate. Unofficial system of romanization Despite its popularity this system sometimes leads to ambiguity. The system is mostly used in social networks, forums, chat rooms, etc. The system is greatly influenced by the common case-sensitive Georgian keyboard layout that ties each key to each letter in the alphabet (seven of them: T, W, R, S, J, Z, C with the help of the ''shift'' key to make another letter). ISO standard I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abkhaz Alphabet
Abkhaz and Abkhazian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Abkhazia, a de facto independent region with partial recognition as a sovereign state, otherwise recognized as part of Georgia * Abkhaz people or Abkhazians, persons from Abkhazia or of Abkhaz descent * Abkhaz language * Abkhazian culture * Abkhazian cuisine * Abkhazi Abkhazi ( ka, აფხაზი; also known as Abkhazishvili) was a princely family in Georgia, a branch of the Shervashidze family from Abkhazia. According to the genealogical treatise by Prince Ioann of Georgia (1768-1830), the ancestors of t ..., a princely family in Georgia, a branch of the Anchabadze family from Abkhazia See also * Abasgoi, ancient tribe likely the ancestors of the Abkhazians * * {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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