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Salticidae
Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods and use it in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair being particularly large. Distinguishing characteristics Jumping spiders are among the easiest to distinguish from similar spider families because of the shape of the cephalothorax and their eye pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salticidae Male Anterior Annotated
Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods and use it in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair being particularly large. Distinguishing characteristics Jumping spiders are among the easiest to distinguish from similar spider families because of the shape of the cephalothorax and their eye pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Salticidae Genera
The genera of the family Salticidae listed here are those that are extant and accepted by the World Spider Catalog . Assignment to subfamilies and clades is based on Maddison (2015), except where otherwise shown. Unless sources indicate otherwise, genera that were split after 2015 are given the same placements as the original genera listed in Maddison (2015). Subfamily Onomastinae Onomastinae Maddison, 2015 *'' Onomastus'' Simon, 1900 Subfamily Asemoneinae Asemoneinae Maddison, 2015 *'' Asemonea'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 *'' Goleba'' Wanless, 1980 *''Macopaeus'' Simon, 1900 *'' Pandisus'' Simon, 1900 Subfamily Lyssomaninae Lyssomaninae Blackwall, 1877 *'' Chinoscopus'' Simon, 1901 *'' Hindumanes'' Logunov, 2004, transferred from Asemoneinae to Lyssomaninae *'' Lyssomanes'' Hentz, 1845 *''Sumakuru'' Maddison, 2016 Subfamily Spartaeinae Spartaeinae Wanless, 1984 *'' Allococalodes'' Wanless, 1982 *'' Amilaps'' Maddison, 2019 *''Brettus'' Thorell, 1895 *'' Cocalodes'' Pocock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phidippus
''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost exclusively in North America, with the exception of two exported species ('' Phidippus audax'' and '' Phidippus regius'').Edwards, G. B. (2004). pp. vii, 4–6. , there were about 80 described species in the genus. Species previously described in ''Phidippus'' which are found in India and Bangladesh do not belong in this genus. Name The genus name is likely derived from Cicero's speech ''Pro Rege Deiotaro'' (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King Deiotaros. Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" in Ancient Greek.Ubick ''et al.'' 2005 The name for the jumping spider family, Salticidae, also comes from the verb "to jump" in Latin. Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyllus (spider)
''Hyllus'' is a genus of the spider family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Most species occur in Africa and Madagascar, with many in Australasia and north to India. ''H. insularis'' is found in Greece and Iran, but it is considered misplaced in this genus,Logunov 2001 and is now ''Evarcha insularis''. Description They are medium to large spiders, commonly mistaken by those in the genus '' Evarcha''. They are usually stout, hairy and dully colored. They usually have horns at the top of the median eyes formed by long bristles. They have a rounded carapace, which is larger than the eye field. Those in the genus ''Evarcha'' are usually smaller and their carapace is thinner. Name Hyllus was the son of Heracles and Deianira in Greek mythology. Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted these species: *'' Hyllus acutus'' ( Blackwall, 1877) – Comoro Islands, Seychelles *'' Hyllus aegyptiacus'' (Denis, 1947) – Egypt *'' Hyllus africanus'' Lessert, 1927 – Congo basin *'' Hyll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euophrys Omnisuperstes
''Euophrys omnisuperstes'' (the species name means ''standing above everything''), the Himalayan jumping spider, is a small and toxic jumping spider that lives at elevations of up to in the Himalayas, including Mount Everest, making it a candidate for the highest known permanent resident on Earth. They are found among rocky debris, feeding on tiny, stray springtails and flies. Discovery In 1924, Richard Hingston was the naturalist on the British expedition to Mount Everest. In 1925, he reported that spiders had been observed living permanently in rocky areas surrounded by snow and ice at , about above the highest plant growth. His observation that "for food they eat one another" was later described as a "self-defeating notion" and helped to support the view that the spiders had been blown there and were not permanent residents. In 1954, Lawrence W. Swan joined an American expedition to Makalu in the Himalayas, and re-discovered the jumping spiders that Hingston had observed. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plexippus (spider)
''Plexippus'' is a genus of Salticidae, jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1846. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Hissarinus'' and ''Apamamia''. Taxonomy In Wayne Maddison, Maddison's 2015 classification of the family Salticidae, ''Plexippus'' is placed in the tribe Plexippini, part of the Salticoida clade of the subfamily Salticinae. Species it contains forty-five species and one subspecies, found in Oceania, Asia, Europe, Africa, Mexico, Paraguay, and on the Pacific Islands: *''Plexippus andamanensis'' (B. K. Tikader, Tikader, 1977) – India (Andaman Is.) *''Plexippus aper'' Tamerlan Thorell, Thorell, 1881 – New Guinea *''Plexippus auberti'' Lessert, 1925 – Kenya, Tanzania *''Plexippus baro'' Wanda Wesołowska, Wesolowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008 – Ethiopia *''Plexippus bhutani'' Marek Michał Żabka, Zabka, 1990 – Bhutan, China *''Plexippus brachypus'' Thorell, 1881 – Papua New Guinea (Yule Is.) *''Plexippus calcutaensis'' (Tikader, 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider
Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 50,356 spider species in 132 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel, however, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaeus
''Philaeus'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. ''Philaeus maoniuensis'' was moved to genus '' Yllenus'' in 2003. Species it contains seven species with a wide distribution. Most species are from the Mediterranean and West Africa, but single species are known from Guatemala and the Galapagos Islands: *''Philaeus chrysops'' (Poda, 1761) ( type) – Europe, North Africa to Middle East, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, Afghanistan, China, Mongolia, Korea *'' Philaeus corrugatulus'' Strand, 1917 – Algeria *'' Philaeus daoxianensis'' Peng, Gong & Kim, 2000 – China *'' Philaeus fallax'' (Lucas, 1846) – Algeria *'' Philaeus raribarbis'' Denis, 1955 – Morocco *'' Philaeus ruber'' Peckham & Peckham, 1885 – Guatemala *'' Philaeus steudeli'' Strand, 1906 – West Africa West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatomical Terms Of Location
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and anatomical axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether an organism is bipedal or quadrupedal. Additionally, for some animals such as invertebrates, some terms may not have any meaning at all; for example, an animal that is radially symmetrical will have no anterior surface, but can still have a description that a part is close to the middle ("proximal") or further from the middle ("distal"). International organisations have determined vocabularies that are often used as standard vocabularies for subdisciplines of ana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Everest
Mount Everest (; Tibetic languages, Tibetan: ''Chomolungma'' ; ) is List of highest mountains on Earth, Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across its summit, summit point. Its elevation (snow height) of was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities. Mount Everest attracts many climbers, including highly experienced mountaineers. There are two main climbing routes, one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal (known as the "standard route") and the other from the north in Tibet. While not posing substantial technical climbing challenges on the standard route, Everest presents dangers such as altitude sickness, weather, and wind, as well as hazards from avalanches and the Khumbu Icefall. , over 300 people have List of people who died climbing Mount Everest, died on Everest, many of whose bodies remain on the mountain. The first recor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plexippus Petersi (jumping Spider) On A Human Finger At Golden Hour
''Plexippus petersi'' is a species of jumping spider native to Asia and has been introduced to Africa and Pacific islands. The male is between in length, and the female is around . This spider is commonly known as the tropical flycatcher or small zebra jumper. Description The male ''Plexippus petersi'' is between long and the female is slightly larger. The head bears four pairs of eyes, one pair is larger than the others, forward-facing and movable, while the remainder are small and fixed in position. The cephalothorax is longer than it is wide and is brown with two darker reddish-brown bands on the dorsal surface. The abdomen is twice as long as it is wide and is yellowish-brown dorsally with two longitudinal darker brown bands which are broken posteriorly to give a pair of orangish spots on either side; the ventral surface is yellowish-brown and the spinnerets are greyish-brown. The pale parts of the abdomen are clad with whitish setae (bristles), and the darker areas are co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider Silk
Spider silk is a protein fibre spun by spiders. Spiders use their silk to make webs or other structures, which function as sticky nets to catch other animals, or as nests or cocoons to protect their offspring, or to wrap up prey. They can also use their silk to suspend themselves, to float through the air, or to glide away from predators. Most spiders vary the thickness and stickiness of their silk for different uses. In some cases, spiders may even use silk as a source of food. While methods have been developed to collect silk from a spider by force, it is difficult to gather silk from many spiders compared to silk-spinning organisms such as silkworms. All spiders produce silk, and even in non-web building spiders, silk is intimately tied to courtship and mating. Silk produced by females provides a transmission channel for male vibratory courtship signals, while webs and draglines provide a substrate for female sex pheromones. Observations of male spiders producing silk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
