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Proctotrupomorpha
Proctotrupomorpha is a major subgrouping of the Apocrita within the Hymenoptera, containing mainly parasitic wasps. It contains the major groupings of Chalcidoidea, Diaprioidea, Proctotrupoidea, Cynipoidea and Platygastroidea The Hymenopteran superfamily of parasitoid wasps, Platygastroidea, has often been treated as a lineage within the superfamily Proctotrupoidea, but most classifications since 1977 have recognized it as an independent group within the Proctotrupo ..., as well as the small Mymarommatoidea, and extinct groups like the Serphitoidea. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q11996284 Apocrita Insect infraorders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mymarommatoidea
The Mymarommatoidea are a very small superfamily of microscopic fairyfly-like parasitic wasps. It contains only a single living family, Mymarommatidae, and three other extinct families known from Cretaceous aged amber. Less than half of all described species are living taxa (the others are fossils), but they are known from all parts of the world.Gibson, G.A.P.; Read, J.; Huber, J.T. (2007) Diversity, classification and higher relationships of Mymarommatoidea (Hymenoptera). ''Journal of Hymenoptera Research'' 16: 51–146. Undoubtedly, many more await discovery, as they are easily overlooked and difficult to study due to their extremely small size (most have an overall length of around 0.3 mm). Classification As taxonomists have examined this group more closely, they have become less certain about which other group of wasps represents the nearest living relatives of the Mymarommatoidea. They are generally placed in the Proctotrupomorpha, amongst the group that includes all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serphitidae
Serphitidae is a family of microscopic parasitic wasps known from the Cretaceous period. Taxonomy This family was described in 1937 by the American entomologist Charles Thomas Brues to classify a fossil insect caught in an amber piece from Canada. The species was named '' Serphites paradoxus''. After that, more genera were described and included in this family, like '' Archaeromma'' and '' Distylopus'' by the Japanese entomologist Hiroshi Yoshimoto in 1975, from fossils also found in Canadian amber, and '' Aposerphites'', '' Microserphites'' and new species of ''Serphites'' in 1979 by the Russian entomologist Mikhail Vasilievich Kozlov and Alexandr Rasnitsyn, from Siberian amber. Serphitidae is placed with another extinct family, Archaeoserphitidae as members of the superfamily Serphitoidea, Serphitoidea in turn is the sister group of the superfamily Mymarommatoidea, the only living family of which is Mymarommatidae. The clade containing both superfamilies is named Bipetiolar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platygastroidea
The Hymenopteran superfamily of parasitoid wasps, Platygastroidea, has often been treated as a lineage within the superfamily Proctotrupoidea, but most classifications since 1977 have recognized it as an independent group within the Proctotrupomorpha. It is presently has some 4000 described species.Talamas EJ, Johnson NF, Shih C, Ren D (2019) Proterosceliopsidae: A new family of Platygastroidea from Cretaceous amber. In: Talamas E (Eds) Advances in the Systematics of Platygastroidea II. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 73: 3-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.73.32256 They are exclusively parasitic in nature. The family Scelionidae was briefly considered to be a subfamily of the Platygastridae, though subsequent analyses have reversed this decision. Chen et al (2021) recognizes eight families, including five new extant families ( Geoscelionidae, Janzenellidae, Neuroscelionidae, Nixoniidae, and Sparasionidae) and one extinct family † Proterosceliopsidae, known from fossils f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they mature. Etymology The name Hymenoptera refers to the wings of the insects, but the original derivation is ambiguous. All references agree that the derivation involves the Ancient Greek πτερόν (''pteron'') for wing. The Ancient Greek ὑμήν (''hymen'') for membrane provides a plausible etymology for the term because species in this order have membranous wings. However, a key characteristic of this order is that the hindwings are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liopteridae
Liopteridae is a family of wood-boring parasitoid wasp Parasitoid wasps are a large group of hymenopteran superfamilies, with all but the wood wasps (Orussoidea) being in the wasp-waisted Apocrita. As parasitoids, they lay their eggs on or in the bodies of other arthropods, sooner or later causin ...s. They occur worldwide with concentrations in the African Tropics. These insects have a petiolate abdomen. There are 10 genera and more than 140 species known. Classification * Subfamily Dallatorrellinae (Australasian, Oriental) ** Genus '' Mesocynips'' Cameron, 1903 (Oriental) ** Genus '' Dallatorrella'' Kieffer, 1911 (Australasian, Oriental) * Subfamily Mayrellinae (Worldwide) ** Genus '' Kiefferiella'' Ashmead, 1903 (Nearctic) ** Genus '' Paramblynotus'' Cameron, 1908 (Worldwide) * Subfamily Liopterinae (Neotropical) ** Genus '' Liopteron'' Perty, 1833 ** Genus '' Peras'' Westwood, 1837 ** Genus '' Pseudibalia'' Kieffer, 1911 * Subfamily Oberthuerellinae (Afrotropical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apocrita
Apocrita is a suborder of insects in the order Hymenoptera. It includes wasps, bees, and ants, and consists of many families. It contains the most advanced hymenopterans and is distinguished from Symphyta by the narrow "waist" ( petiole) formed between the first two segments of the actual abdomen; the first abdominal segment is fused to the thorax, and is called the propodeum. Therefore, it is general practice, when discussing the body of an apocritan in a technical sense, to refer to the mesosoma and metasoma (or gaster) rather than the "thorax" and "abdomen", respectively. The evolution of a constricted waist was an important adaption for the parasitoid lifestyle of the ancestral apocritan, allowing more maneuverability of the female's ovipositor. The ovipositor either extends freely or is retracted, and may be developed into a stinger for both defense and paralyzing prey. Larvae are legless and blind, and either feed inside a host (plant or animal) or in a nest cell provisio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynipoidea
The Cynipoidea are a moderate-sized hymenopteran superfamily that presently includes five modern families and three extinct families, though others have been recognized in the past. The most familiar members of the group are phytophagous, especially as gall-formers, though the actual majority of included species are parasitoids or hyperparasitoids. They are typically glossy, dark, smooth wasps with somewhat compressed bodies and somewhat reduced wing venation. It is common for various metasomal segments to be fused in various ways (often diagnostic for families or subfamilies), and the petiole is very short, when present. With the exception of the Cynipidae (the gall wasps), it is a poorly known group as a whole, though there are nearly 3000 known species in total, and a great many species are still undescribed, mostly in the Figitidae. Each of the constituent families differs in biology, though life histories of one of the families (Liopteridae Liopteridae is a family of wood ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proctotrupoidea
Proctotrupoidea is a hymenopteran superfamily containing seven extant families, though others have been recognized in the past, most of these having been removed to a recently erected superfamily Diaprioidea. Of the remaining families, only Proctotrupidae contains a substantial number of species, with over 400 described. The others are small, often relictual groups. See links for individual families for details of life history and diversity. See also Tree of Life Apocrita shows polyphyletic Proctotrupoidea. References Apocrita superfamilies {{Apocrita-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
