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Parma
Parma (; egl, Pärma, ) is a city in the northern Italian region of Emilia-Romagna known for its architecture, music, art, prosciutto (ham), cheese and surrounding countryside. With a population of 198,292 inhabitants, Parma is the second most populous city in Emilia-Romagna after Bologna, the region's capital. The city is home to the University of Parma, one of the oldest universities in the world. Parma is divided into two parts by the stream of the same name. The district on the far side of the river is ''Oltretorrente''. Parma's Etruscan name was adapted by Romans to describe the round shield called '' Parma''. The Italian poet Attilio Bertolucci (born in a hamlet in the countryside) wrote: "As a capital city it had to have a river. As a little capital it received a stream, which is often dry", with reference to the time when the city was capital of the independent Duchy of Parma. History Prehistory Parma was already a built-up area in the Bronze Age. In the curre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Parma
The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza ( it, Ducato di Parma e Piacenza, la, Ducatus Parmae et Placentiae), was an Italian state created in 1545 and located in northern Italy, in the current region of Emilia-Romagna. Originally a realm of the Farnese family after Pope Paul III made it a hereditary duchy for his son, Pier Luigi Farnese, it was ruled by the dynasty until 1731, when the last duke, Antonio Farnese, died without direct heirs. It was invaded by Napoleon and annexed by France, having its sovereignty restored in 1814 after Napoleon’s defeat. Napoleon's wife, Marie Louise (''Maria Luigia''), then ruled as its duchess until her death. Parma was restored to Bourbon rule in 1847, and in 1859, the duchy was formally abolished as it was integrated into the new Italian state. History The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from parts of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, which had been conquered by the Papal States in 1512. These territories, centered on the city of P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Province Of Parma
The Province of Parma ( it, Provincia di Parma) is a province in the Emilia–Romagna region of Italy. Its largest town and capital is the city of Parma. It is made up of 47 '' comuni''. It has an area of and a total population of around 450,000. The province is bordered by the Province of Reggio Emilia to the east, the Piacenza to the west, Lombardy's provinces of Cremona and Mantova to the north and by Liguria's provinces of La Spezia and Genoa and Tuscany's Province of Massa and Carrara to the south. History In 1861, Italian provinces were established on the French republican model. Italian Fascism saw the end of elections in the Province of Parma in the 1920s until the end of the Second World War. Geography The province is divided into three zones from north to south: the ''pianura'' (plains), the ''collina'' (hills) and the ''montagna'' (mountains). The Po river acts as a boundary with the nearby province of Cremona in the plains. The main centres of the ''col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilia-Romagna
egl, Emigliàn (man) egl, Emiglièna (woman) rgn, Rumagnòl (man) rgn, Rumagnòla (woman) it, Emiliano (man) it, Emiliana (woman) or it, Romagnolo (man) it, Romagnola (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 = , demographics1_info2 = , demographics1_title3 = , demographics1_info3 = , timezone1 = CET , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = CEST , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal_code_type = , postal_code = , area_code_type = ISO 3166 code , area_code = IT-45 , blank_name_sec1 = GDP (nominal) , blank_info_ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Parma
The University of Parma ( it, Università degli Studi di Parma, UNIPR) is a public university in Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It is organised in nine departments. As of 2016 the University of Parma has about 26,000 students. History During the 13th-14th centuries there was an educational institution, ''studium'', in Parma, but it was closed in 1387 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan. The university was opened in 1412 by Niccolò III d'Este, and, although no papal bull was issued, the degrees were granted. In 1420 Filippo Maria Visconti closed it again. Although there were several attempts to revive the university, it functioned only as a "paper university", granting degrees without teaching. In 1601, the university was finally reopened by Ranuccio I Farnese, and the papal bill was given. It was a joint institution with a Society of Jesus, and a third of staff were teachers from a local Jesuit school, who taught in a separate building and by Jesuit curriculum. There were u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parma (river)
The Parma is a large stream, long, that begins in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennine mountains and flows in Parma valley. Path It begins from the lake ''Lago Santo parmense'' (outflow called ''Parma di Lago Santo'') and small lakes Gemio and Scuro (outflow called ''Parma di Badignana''). After only ''Parma di Lago Santo'' meets ''Parma di Badignana'' and then the river takes the name of ''Parma''. It flows through the Province of Parma into Parma, dividing the city in two, and then continues to the Po. Local names *''Lungoparma'' is the local name for the urban area of the city of Parma along the river. *''la Parma'' is the way parmesans call the stream and its bed (to not to be confused with ''il Parma'', the local name for the Parma F.C.) *''la Parma voladora'' indicates the Parma stream in full flood. References *''Information for this article was taken from the Italian and French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michele Guerra
Michele Guerra (born 19 January 1982) is an Italian academic and politician, Mayor of Parma since 2022. Biography Guerra graduated ''cum laude'' in Modern Literature at the University of Parma in 2004, where he then obtained a PhD in History of art and entertainment by discussing a thesis on the representation of rural classes in Italian cinema from fascism to the 1970s. From 2009 to 2011 he was adjunct professor of History and Criticism of Cinema in the course of Written and Hypertext Communication Sciences at the University of Parma, while from 2011 to 2015 he was a Researcher of Cinema, Photography and Television at the same University. After being associate professor from 2015 to 2018, he has held the role of full professor since 2018. From 2017 to 2022 he held the position of councilor for culture in the municipality of Parma in the second council of the mayor Federico Pizzarotti Federico Pizzarotti (born 7 October 1973) is an Italian politician, who served as mayor of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosciutto
''Prosciutto crudo'', in English often shortened to prosciutto ( , ), is Italian uncooked, unsmoked, and dry-cured ham. ''Prosciutto crudo'' is usually served thinly sliced. Several regions in Italy have their own variations of ''prosciutto crudo'', each with degrees of protected status, but the most prized are Prosciutto di Parma DOP from Emilia-Romagna and Prosciutto di San Daniele DOP from Friuli Venezia Giulia. Unlike Speck (Speck Alto Adige PGI) from the South Tyrol region, prosciutto is not smoked. In Italian, ''prosciutto'' means any kind of ham, either dry-cured (''prosciutto crudo'' or simply ''crudo'') or cooked (''prosciutto cotto''), but in English-speaking countries, it usually means either Italian ''prosciutto crudo'' or similar hams made elsewhere. However, the word "prosciutto" itself is not protected; cooked ham may legally be, and in practice is, sold as ''prosciutto'' (usually as ''prosciutto cotto'', and from Italy or made in the Italian style) in English- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parmigiano-Reggiano
Parmesan ( it, Parmigiano Reggiano; ) is an Italian hard, granular cheese produced from cows’ milk and aged at least 12 months. It is named after two of the areas which produce it, the provinces of Parma and Reggio Emilia (''Parmigiano'' is the Italian adjective for Parma and ''Reggiano'' that for Reggio Emilia). In addition to Reggio Emilia and Parma, it is also produced in the part of Bologna west of the River Reno and in Modena (all of the above being located in the Emilia-Romagna region), as well as in the part of Mantua (Lombardy) which is on the south bank of the River Po. Both "Parmigiano Reggiano" and "Parmesan" are protected designations of origin (PDO) for cheeses produced in these provinces under Italian and European law. Outside the EU, the name "Parmesan" can legally be used for similar cheeses, with only the full Italian name unambiguously referring to PDO ''Parmigiano Reggiano''. It has been called the " King of Cheeses". Parmigiano Reggiano Production ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for his operas. He was born near Busseto to a provincial family of moderate means, receiving a musical education with the help of a local patron. Verdi came to dominate the Italian opera scene after the era of Gioachino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti, and Vincenzo Bellini, whose works significantly influenced him. In his early operas, Verdi demonstrated a sympathy with the Risorgimento movement which sought the unification of Italy. He also participated briefly as an elected politician. The chorus "Va, pensiero" from his early opera ''Nabucco'' (1842), and similar choruses in later operas, were much in the spirit of the unification movement, and the composer himself became esteemed as a representative of these ideals. An intensely private person, Verdi did not seek to ingratiate himself with popular movements. As he became professionally successful, he was able to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attilio Bertolucci
Attilio Bertolucci (18 November 1911 – 14 June 2000) was an Italian poet and writer. He was father to film directors Bernardo and Giuseppe Bertolucci. Biography Bertolucci was born at San Lazzaro ( province of Parma), to a family of agricultural bourgeoisie. He began to write poems very early. In 1928 he collaborated with the ''Gazzetta di Parma'', where his friend Cesare Zavattini was editor-in-chief. The following year Bertolucci published his first poetical collection, ''Sirio''. In 1931 he started studying law at the University of Parma, which however he left soon afterwards in favour of artistic and literary studies. In the following year his work ''Fuochi di Novembre'' gained him the praise of Italian poets such as Eugenio Montale. In 1951 he moved to Rome. His marriage to Ninetta Giovanardi had given him two sons, Bernardo (1941–2018) and Giuseppe (1947–2012), both future film directors. In 1951 he also published ''La capanna indiana'' and won the Viareggio Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parma (shield)
A ''parma'' or ''parmula'' (the diminutive of ''parma'') was a type of round shield used by the Roman army, especially during the later period of imperial history since 3rd century. Characteristics The ''parma'' was about 36 inches (91 cm) across (or less) and had iron in its frame, making it a very effective piece of armour. ''Parmae'' had handles and shield bosses (''umbones''). The ''parma'' was used by legionnaires in the early republican period of Rome's history, by the lowest class division of the army— the ''velites''. Their equipment consisted of a ''parma'', javelin, sword and helmet. Later, the ''parma'' was replaced by the body-length ''scutum'' as ''velites'' were phased out with the Marian reforms. War use It was used mainly by auxiliary infantry and cavalry, with the legionaries preferring the heavier but more protective ''scutum'', during earlier periods. It was used also by ''signiferi'' (standard bearers). In Virgil's ''Aeneid'', the ''parma'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
The Kingdom of Italy ( la, Regnum Italiae or ''Regnum Italicum''; it, Regno d'Italia; german: Königreich Italien), also called Imperial Italy ( it, Italia Imperiale, german: Reichsitalien, links=no), was one of the constituent kingdoms of the Holy Roman Empire, along with the kingdoms of Germany, Bohemia, and Burgundy. It originally comprised large parts of northern and central Italy. Its original capital was Pavia until the 11th century. In 773, Charlemagne, the king of the Franks, crossed the Alps to invade the Kingdom of the Lombards, which encompassed all of Italy except the Duchy of Rome, the Venetian Republic and the Byzantine possessions in the south. In June 774, the kingdom collapsed and the Franks became masters of northern Italy. The southern areas remained under Lombard control, as the Duchy of Benevento was changed into the rather independent Principality of Benevento. Charlemagne called himself king of the Lombards and in 800 was crowned emperor in Rom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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