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Palaeoctopus
''Palaeoctopus newboldi'' is an extinct basal octopod that lived in the Late Cretaceous, approximately 89 to 71 million years ago. Fossil material assigned to this species originates from the Mount Hajoula region in Lebanon. The holotype was found below the Old Covent, Sahel-el-Alma, Mount Lebanon and is deposited at the Natural History Museum in London. It might belong to the Cirrina or be more basal in the Octopoda. Specimens from the Turonian of Vallecino, Mexico, originally described as ''P. pelagicus'', are reinterpreted to be portions of a coelacanth. See also *''Jeletzkya douglassae'' *'' Proteroctopus ribeti'' *'' Vampyronassa rhodanica'' *2009 extinct fossil octopus discoveries Arthropods Cephalopods Three new species of extinct Octopoda discovered in 2009. The species – '' Keuppia hyperbolaris'', '' Keuppia levante'', and '' Styletoctopus annae'' – lived about 95 million years ago, and bear a strong resembla ... References External linksThe Oct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeoctopus
''Palaeoctopus newboldi'' is an extinct basal octopod that lived in the Late Cretaceous, approximately 89 to 71 million years ago. Fossil material assigned to this species originates from the Mount Hajoula region in Lebanon. The holotype was found below the Old Covent, Sahel-el-Alma, Mount Lebanon and is deposited at the Natural History Museum in London. It might belong to the Cirrina or be more basal in the Octopoda. Specimens from the Turonian of Vallecino, Mexico, originally described as ''P. pelagicus'', are reinterpreted to be portions of a coelacanth. See also *''Jeletzkya douglassae'' *'' Proteroctopus ribeti'' *'' Vampyronassa rhodanica'' *2009 extinct fossil octopus discoveries Arthropods Cephalopods Three new species of extinct Octopoda discovered in 2009. The species – '' Keuppia hyperbolaris'', '' Keuppia levante'', and '' Styletoctopus annae'' – lived about 95 million years ago, and bear a strong resembla ... References External linksThe Oct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalopod Genera
A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda (Greek plural , ; "head-feet") such as a squid, octopus, cuttlefish, or nautilus. These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles (muscular hydrostats) modified from the primitive molluscan foot. Fishers sometimes call cephalopods "inkfish", referring to their common ability to squirt ink. The study of cephalopods is a branch of malacology known as teuthology. Cephalopods became dominant during the Ordovician period, represented by primitive nautiloids. The class now contains two, only distantly related, extant subclasses: Coleoidea, which includes octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish; and Nautiloidea, represented by ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonautilus''. In the Coleoidea, the molluscan shell has been internalized or is absent, whereas in the Nautiloidea, the external shell remains. About 800 living species of cephalopods have been ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cirrina
Cirrina or Cirrata is a suborder and one of the two main divisions of octopuses. Cirrate octopuses have a small, internal shell and two fins on their head, while their sister suborder Incirrina has neither. The fins of cirrate octopods are associated with a unique cartilage-like shell in a shell sac. In cross-section, the fins have distinct proximal and distal regions, both of which are covered by a thin surface sheath of muscle. The suborder is named for small, cilia-like strands (cirri) on the arms of the octopus, a pair for each sucker. These are thought to play some role in feeding, perhaps by creating currents of water that help bring food closer to the beak. Cirrate octopuses are noteworthy for lacking ink sacs. Phylogeny A molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA marker sequences by Sanchez et al., 2018, shows that the Cirrina is paraphyletic, i.e. it is not a single clade. Instead, a clade containing Opisthoteuthidae and Cirroctopodidae is sister ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopuses
An octopus ( : octopuses or octopodes, see below for variants) is a soft-bodied, eight- limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda (, ). The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, an octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beaked mouth at the center point of the eight limbs. The soft body can radically alter its shape, enabling octopuses to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their eight appendages behind them as they swim. The siphon is used both for respiration and for locomotion, by expelling a jet of water. Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight, and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse of all invertebrates. Octopuses inhabit various regions of the ocean, including coral reefs, pelagic waters, and the seabed; some live in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths. Most species grow quickly, mature early, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopus
An octopus ( : octopuses or octopodes, see below for variants) is a soft-bodied, eight- limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda (, ). The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, an octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beaked mouth at the center point of the eight limbs. The soft body can radically alter its shape, enabling octopuses to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their eight appendages behind them as they swim. The siphon is used both for respiration and for locomotion, by expelling a jet of water. Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight, and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse of all invertebrates. Octopuses inhabit various regions of the ocean, including coral reefs, pelagic waters, and the seabed; some live in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths. Most species grow quickly, mature early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proteroctopus Ribeti
''Proteroctopus'' is an extinct genus of cephalopod that lived in the Middle Jurassic, approximately 164 million years ago. It is only known from a single species ''P. ribeti''. The single fossil specimen assigned to this species originates from the Lower Callovian of Voulte-sur-Rhône in France. It is currently on display at the Musée de Paléontologie de La Voulte-sur-Rhône. While originally interpreted as an early octopus, a 2016 restudy of the specimen considered it to be a basal member of the Vampyropoda, less closely related to octopus or vampire squid than either of the two groups are to each other. A 2022 phylogenetic analysis found it to be more closely related to vampire squid than to octopuses.om the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution. A phylogenetic analysis by Kruta et. al indicates that Proteroctopus may be more closely related to the Vampyrpmorpha based on its unique morphology: two fins, head fused to the body, ei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Extinct Fossil Octopus Discoveries
Arthropods Cephalopods Three new species of extinct Octopoda discovered in 2009. The species – '' Keuppia hyperbolaris'', '' Keuppia levante'', and '' Styletoctopus annae'' – lived about 95 million years ago, and bear a strong resemblance to modern octopuses, suggesting that the Octopoda order has remained relatively unchanged for tens of millions of years. The fossils included evidence of arms, muscles, rows of suckers, ink, and internal gills. The discovery was made by a team led by Dirk Fuchs of the Freie University, which is located at Berlin, Germany.Rare fossil octopuses found NBC News, March 18, 2009 The fossils were found at Hakel and Hadjoula, Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْن ...
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Vampyronassa Rhodanica
''Vampyronassa rhodanica'' ("vampire fish trap") is an extinct vampyromorph cephalopod known from around 20 fossils from the Lower Callovian (165–164 Ma) of La Voulte-sur-Rhône, Ardèche, France. Morphology ''Vampyronassa'' reached total length about . This taxon differs from the modern vampire squid in having longer first dorsal arms, a larger hyponome, and a more elongated mantle. Original description described possible luminous organs, however in restudy they could not be confirmed. It had eight arms with uniserial suckers flanked by cirri, same as modern vampire squid. Retractile filaments that is known from modern vampire squid is not known in ''Vampyronassa''. Like vampire squid, ''Vampyronassa'' lacked of ink sac. Classification ''Vampyronassa'' shares some characters with modern vampire squid ''Vampyroteuthis'', such as lack of ink sac and unique type of sucker attachment. Analysis supports the sister relationship between ''Vampyronassa'' and ''Vampyrote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeletzkya Douglassae
''Jeletzkya douglassae'' is a fossil coleoid from the early Pennsylvanian Mazon Creek lagerstätten and represents the earliest known crown-group squid. Non-mineralized anatomy is preserved and comprises ten hooked tentacles and a radula The radula (, ; plural radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by molluscs for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food .... It is too poorly understood for assignment to any particular cephalopod taxon. References Carboniferous cephalopods Cephalopod genera Carboniferous animals of North America {{Carboniferous-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelacanth
The coelacanths ( ) are fish belonging to the order Actinistia that includes two extant species in the genus ''Latimeria'': the West Indian Ocean coelacanth (''Latimeria chalumnae''), primarily found near the Comoro Islands off the east coast of Africa, and the Indonesian coelacanth (''Latimeria menadoensis''). The name "coelacanth" originates from the Permian genus '' Coelacanthus'', which was the first scientifically named coelacanth. Coelacanths follow the oldest-known living lineage of Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish and tetrapods), which means they are more closely related to lungfish and tetrapods (which includes amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) than to ray-finned fish. They are found along the coastline of Indonesia and in the Indian Ocean. The West Indian Ocean coelacanth is a critically endangered species. The oldest known coelacanth fossils are over 410 million years old. Coelacanths were thought to have become extinct in the Late Cretaceous, around 66 m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Woodward (geologist)
Henry Bolingbroke Woodward (24 November 1832 – 6 September 1921) was an English geologist and paleontologist known for his research on fossil crustaceans and other arthropods. Woodward was born Norwich, England on 24 November 1832 and was educated at Norwich School. He became assistant in the geological department of the British Museum in 1858, and in 1880 keeper of that department. He became Fellow of the Royal Society in 1873, LL.D (St Andrews) in 1878, president of the Geological Society of London (1894–1896). He was awarded the Murchison Medal in 1884 and Wollaston Medal in 1906. Woodward was president of the Geologists' Association for the years 1873 and 1874, president of the Malacological Society in 1893–1895, president of the Museums Association for the year 1900, and president of the Palaeontographical Society from 1895 (upon the death of incumbent president T. H. Huxley) to his own death in 1921. He published a ''Monograph of the British Fossil Crustacea, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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