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Padanilam
Padanilam is a town located in ''Onattukara'' region of Alappuzha district, Kerala. The word ''Padanilam'' means "land of battles" (''pada'' means "battle" and ''nilam'' means "land"). It is located on the banks of river Achankovil. The Padanilam temple is one of the important centres of worship in Kerala. Nooranad is named as the Nandikesha Paithruka Gramam (Heritage village of ''Nandikesha'') by the Government of Kerala due to its importance in ''kettukala'' construction, which is an icon of Onattukara region. The ''Shivaratri'' is the most important festival in Padanilam. It is the biggest ''Shivaratri kettukazhcha'' in Kerala and it is second only to Aluva Shivaratri in terms of crowd gathering. Personalities *Venad Sivankutty (Writer,Drama) *Ajanthalayam Ajithkumar (mangalam TV) *Viswan Padanilam (novelist) *Reji v Greenland (Book review writer,short story,poet) *Rekha R Thankal (poet) *Edappon Ajikumar (Short story) *Subees padanilam (Lyrics writer,music director and Vi ...
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Padanilam Parabrahma Temple
Padanilam Parabrahma Temple (പടനിലം പരബ്രഹ്മ ക്ഷേത്രം ) is situated at Padanilam in Mavelikara taluk of Alappuzha district in Kerala, India. It is one of the major temples in erstwhile Travancore state. Padanilam is the cultural center of Nooranad region. The temple is situated 17 km east of Kayamkulam and 7 km south west of Pandalam. The temple is dedicated to Lord Parabrahma, also known as ''omkaram''. History Padanilam Temple is believed to be swayambhu. Its actual history and the facts about how worship started there are unknown. Padanilam has been the administrative centre of Nooranad and it has the history of intense conflict between various ''karakal'' (territories) around the temple. This was for gaining control over the temple administration and thereby controlling the entire village. Due to this ''pada'' (battle/conflict), the place is said to have got its name. It is believed that the army troops of '' Kayamk ...
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Pandalam
Pandalam is a municipal town in Pathanamthitta district Kerala, India. Pandalam is considered a holy town due to its connection with Lord Ayyappa and Sabarimala. Rightly recognised to be the ''educational and cultural capital of Central Travancore'', Pandalam hosts educational institutions ranging from reputed schools to post graduate, training, Ayurveda, and engineering colleges. There are seven colleges and 23 schools at Pandalam, including N. S. S. College, Pandalam. The Kerala state government plans to make the place a special Township, by including the Pandalam municipality and Kulanada panchayat. The neighborhoods of Pandalam town include Thumpamon, Pandalam Thekkekara (Adoor Taluk), Kulanada (Kozhencherry Taluk), Nooranad, Padanilam (Mavelikkara Taluk), Venmony (Chengannur Taluk).It Is Located 23 km From Thiruvalla City Centre. Trade and Commerce The centuries-old ''Kurunthottayam'' market (now known as the Pandalam market) was one among the largest agricult ...
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Palamel
Palamel is a village in Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala.It is located 10km south of Pandalam Demographics India census, Palamel had a population of 31916 with 15112 males and 16804 females. Importance Panayil & Muthukattukara Devi temples are the famous and ancient temples in this place. Chempakassery, an ancient nair family is one among the prominent family in this place. Palamel is bordering with Pandalam, Chunakkara, Nooranad and Thamarakkulam panchayaths. Palamel is part of the Onattukara cultural region. Kettu Kazhcha - a procession of two huge oxen is carried out here as part of the Padanilam Parabrahma Temple Sivarathri festival. The Karingalichal Lake and puncha are situated near Palamel. It is part of Upper Kuttanad and lies in the Drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin i ...
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Mavelikkara
Mavelikkara is a taluk and municipality in the '' Onattukara'' region of Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala. Located in the southern part of the district on the banks of the Achankovil River. Etymology The name Mavelikara is believed to be turned out from the words ''Maveli'' or Mahabali, the mythical king of Kerala, and ''Kara'' means land. This land is believed to be the place 'Mattom Mahadeva temple'where king Mahabali knelt before Vamana, offering his head for Vamana to keep his feet. Background The town boasts about a rich historical and cultural background. The Chettikulangara Devi Temple, known for the '' Kumbha Bharani'' festival is located near the municipality. The place is home to one of the 108 Shiva temples of Kerala created by Lord Parashurama, the Kandiyoor Mahadeva Temple. It was also a major centre of trade and commerce in ancient Kerala and the erstwhile capital of the rulers of Onattukara. As a result of the close association with t ...
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Alappuzha
Alappuzha or Alleppey () is the administrative headquarters of Alappuzha district in state of Kerala, India. The Backwaters of Alappuzha are one of the most popular tourist attractions in India which attracts millions of domestic and international tourists. Alleppey is a city and a municipality in Kerala with an urban population of 174,164 and ranks third among the districts in literacy rate in the state. In 2016, the Centre for Science and Environment rated Alappuzha as the cleanest town in India. Alappuzha is considered to be the oldest planned city in this region and the lighthouse built on the coast of the city is the first of its kind along the Laccadive Sea coast. The city is 55 km from Kochi and 155 km north of Thiruvananthapuram. A town with canals, backwaters, beaches, and lagoons, Alappuzha was described by George Curzon, Viceroy of India at the start of the 20th century, as the " Venice of the East." Hence, it is known as the "Venetian Capital" of Ke ...
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States And Territories Of India
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, with a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into districts and smaller administrative divisions. History Pre-independence The Indian subcontinent has been ruled by many different ethnic groups throughout its history, each instituting their own policies of administrative division in the region. The British Raj mostly retained the administrative structure of the preceding Mughal Empire. India was divided into provinces (also called Presidencies), directly governed by the British, and princely states, which were nominally controlled by a local prince or raja loyal to the British Empire, which held '' de facto'' sovereignty ( suzerainty) over the princely states. 1947–1950 Between 1947 and 1950 the territories of the princely states were politically integrated into the Indian union. Most were merged into existing provinces; others were organi ...
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Loam
Loam (in geology and soil science) is soil composed mostly of sand ( particle size > ), silt (particle size > ), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size < ). By weight, its mineral composition is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–silt–clay, respectively. These proportions can vary to a degree, however, and result in different types of loam soils: sandy loam, silty loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, and loam. In the , textural classification triangle, the only soil that is not predominantly sand, silt, or clay is called "loam". Loam soils generally contain more nutrients, moisture, and

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Alluvium
Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is typically geologically young and is not consolidated into solid rock. Sediments deposited underwater, in seas, estuaries, lakes, or ponds, are not described as alluvium. Floodplain alluvium can be highly fertile, and supported some of the earliest human civilizations. Definitions The present consensus is that "alluvium" refers to loose sediments of all types deposited by running water in floodplains or in alluvial fans or related landforms. However, the meaning of the term has varied considerably since it was first defined in the French dictionary of Antoine Furetière, posthumously published in 1690. Drawing upon concepts from Roman law, Furetière defined ''alluvio ...
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Laterite
Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by intensive and prolonged weathering of the underlying parent rock, usually when there are conditions of high temperatures and heavy rainfall with alternate wet and dry periods. Tropical weathering (''laterization'') is a prolonged process of chemical weathering which produces a wide variety in the thickness, grade, chemistry and ore mineralogy of the resulting soils. The majority of the land area containing laterites is between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. Laterite has commonly been referred to as a soil type as well as being a rock type. This and further variation in the modes of conceptualizing about laterite (e.g. also as a complete weathering profile or theory about weathering) has led to calls for the term to be abandoned ...
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Thazhakara
Thazhakkara is a village in Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala. Thazhakkara is one among the five Villages in Mavelikkara Taluk in Alappuzha District. Justice C.T.Ravikumar, Judge of Supreme Court of India is a native of Thazhakara. Demographics India census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses in ..., Thazhakkara had a population of 35,126 with 16,780 males and 18,346 females. Economy Some of the industries based in Thazhakkara are: *Travancore Oxygen (near Kunnam) *Sangrose Laboratories (in Mavelikkara), which specialises in the manufacture of soft-gelatin capsules. It is also one of the only companies in the world to manufacture clofazimine. *SCC ready mix concrete ( Industrial estate) Local Self Government Thazhakkara PanchayatThazhakara Panchayat ...
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Chunakkara
Chunakkara is a village in Mavelikara Tahsil of Alappuzha district, in the Indian state of Kerala. It is located on the Kollam Theni Highway spanning in around in length along the highway. It is divided into 5 areas and 15 wards. It is located south from Mavelikara and west of Kayamkulam. Nearest railway stations are Kayamlulam railway station and Mavelikara railway station, both are accessible by public and private transports. Demographics As per 2011 India census, Chunakkara had a population of 22,730, with 10,372 males and 12,358 females. Famous personalities Famous Malaylalam poet & lyricist Chunakkara Ramankutty, and prominent film actor, producer and politician Mr. Mukesh Mukesh is an epithet for the Hindu god Shiva, and literally means "conqueror of the Muka demon". It also means god of 3 worlds, heaven, hell & earth, which in turn represents Hindu god Shiva. It is commonly used as a male given name in India. Peopl ... hails from Chunakkara. Place to visit ...
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Thamarakkulam
Thamarakulam is a village in Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala. Located in Alappuzha District of Kerala, Thamarakulam is around 16 km south-east of Kayamkulam. It is located close to the border of Kollam District. Kayamkulam, Mavelikara, Adoor, Ochira and Sasthamkotta are nearby towns. Nearest airport is Trivandrum International Airport, which is 110 km south. Sasthamkotta Railway Station is the nearest railhead. Kayamkulam Junction Railway Station is a major railhead nearby. Thamarakkulam area was under the Naduvazhi rule during the 16th to 19th century. "Moothanedathu Pillamar", an offshoot of Kayamkulam Raja, ruled the area during this time.The notable film director "kannan Thamarakkulam"from here. And The famous tug of war team "Navakerala Thamarakulam" from here.! Demographics India census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used m ...
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