Muttaraiyar
Muttaraiyar may refer to: *Muttaraiyan (title), a title used by various officials in the Chola government during the medieval period *Muthuraja, a Tamil speaking community prevalent in southern India *Mutharaiyar dynasty The Mutharaiyar dynasty was a royal south Indian dynasty that governed the Thanjavur, Trichy and Pudukottai regions between 600 and 850 CE. Origin The origin of the Mutharaiyar is shrouded in mystery. Historian T. A. Gopinatha Rao equates the ...

Muthuraja
Muthuraja or Mutharaiyar is a Tamil and Telugu speaking community prevalent in southern India. Etymology The etymology of the community name is unclear. The names Muthuraja and Muthuraiyar may be derived from two words, the Tamil name ''muthu'' meaning "pearl" and ''raja'' or ''raiyar'' both meaning "king". ''Muttaraiyar'' may also be derived from ''mundru'' meaning "three" and ''tharai'' meaning "earth". Their title Ambalakkarar is derived from the Tamil word ''ambalam'' meaning panchayat or "village council", as they served as the heads of these councils. History The origin of the Muthuraja people is shrouded in mystery. Historian T. A. Gopinatha Rao equates them with the Kalabhras as Suvaran Maaran, a prominent 8th century Muthuraja king of Thanjavur is styled ''KalavaraKalvan'' in one of his inscriptions. Few historians like Rao read the epithet it as KalabhraKalvan interchanging the letter ''v'' with ''b''. According to Tamil historians, the Mutharayar are said ...
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Muttaraiyan (title)
Muttaraiyan was a title used by various officials in the Chola government during the medieval period. It should not be confused with the Muthuraja caste and has been borne by persons from various communities. For example, there was one Virarajendra Brahmadhiraya Muttaraiyan and Vikramasola Brahmadiraya Muttaraiyan who were feudatories of Kulothunga Chola III. These two vassals were not Muthuraja chiefs as the word Brahmadiraya meant Brahmin chiefs only. There was another Brahmadiraya Muttaraiyan who was the elder brother of VānaVidyadhara-nādālvan during the time of Kulottunga II. The latter had built a temple called Kulottunga Choleeswara. During the reign of Rajaraja Chola III around 1243 AD, there was an officer called Mallan Sivan alias Brahmadaraya Muttaraiyan, referred to as ''pillai'' (son). He was the holder of the royal fief (''arasukuru'') and the governor of Urattur-nadu. During the reign of Rajaraja Chola I, the head of the elephant corps was Srutiman Nakkan Cha ...
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