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Lochagos
''Lochagos'' (; abbreviated as Λγος) is used in the Greek language to mean "Captain". More precisely, it means "leader of a '' lochos''". The equivalent term in the Hellenic Army Armour & Cavalry is el, ιλάρχος, ilarchos, "leader of an ''ilē'' (cavalry troop). Ancient and Byzantine use The term has been used since the times of Ancient Greece, where the place of the rank in the military hierarchy differed from city-state to city-state. For example, Xenophon reported that a ''lochagos'' of Sparta served under a polemarch. Aristotle reported that his counterpart in Athens served under a '' taxiarchos''. In military manuals, the file is often called a lochos and as such its leader is also called a lochagos. Asclepiodotus, Tactica, 1.2 Thus, the lochagos can also be the promachos protostates. The rank of ''lochagos'' could also represent an officer roughly equivalent to that a Roman army centurion. The term was however also used by later writers to describe the civilian le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ypolochagos
''Ypolochagos'' () is used in the modern Greek language to mean "First Lieutenant". In the modern Hellenic Army the rank is superior to that of ''Anthypolochagos'' (Literally: 'In place of-Lieutenant', i.e. Second Lieutenant) and inferior to that of an ''Lochagos'' (Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...). The insignia consists of two silver stars. Officers holding this rank should be addressed as "''Kyrie Ypolochage''" (Κύριε Υπολοχαγέ) by their subordinates, or "''Ypolochage'' + family name" by their superior officers. Military ranks of Greece {{Greece-mil-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Language
Greek ( el, label= Modern Greek, Ελληνικά, Elliniká, ; grc, Ἑλληνική, Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Italy ( Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. It has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years; previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protostates
A ''protostates'' ( el, πρωτοστάτης, "the one who stands first/in front"), in Ancient Greece, was the man in front of an ''epistates'' (the one who stands behind). The Greek phalanx was made up of alternate ranks of ''protostates'' and ''epistates''. Thus, in a file of eight men, the ''protostates'' were the men in positions 1, 3, 5 and 7, while the epistates occupied positions 2, 4, 6 and 8. Asclepiodotus, Tactica, 2.3 The term remained in use into the Byzantine Empire. The foremost ''protostates'' of a file (''lochos'') was called a ''lochagos ''Lochagos'' (; abbreviated as Λγος) is used in the Greek language to mean "Captain". More precisely, it means "leader of a '' lochos''". The equivalent term in the Hellenic Army Armour & Cavalry is el, ιλάρχος, ilarchos, "leader of an ...'' (λοχαγός). References Greek words and phrases Ancient Greek military terminology {{AncientGreek-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Ranks Of Greece
Modern Greek military ranks are based on Ancient Greek and Byzantine terminology. In the army and air force, these names are often based on the unit or post that a holder of each rank usual commands. For example, a is in charge of a , which is derived from an Ancient Greek word translatable as "command", "order", or "class", and in modern Greek is a unit equivalent to a battalion in other armies; hence a modern is a rank equivalent to major in other armies. Similarly, a normally commands a (a word that originally meant " warband"), which in Ancient Greece was a 100-strong hoplite unit, but in modern Greek usage is equivalent to an infantry company. Hence a is the equivalent of a captain in other armies, and the modern Greek equivalent of an army first lieutenant is the modern neologism : literally, "sub-captain". Likewise, the modern Greek equivalent of a sergeant is a . The suffixes and (or ), which are often found in Greek rank names, are derived from the roots "to lead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major
Major ( commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators, major is one rank above captain, and one rank below lieutenant colonel. It is considered the most junior of the field officer ranks. Background Majors are typically assigned as specialised executive or operations officers for battalion-sized units of 300 to 1,200 soldiers while in some nations, like Germany, majors are often in command of a company. When used in hyphenated or combined fashion, the term can also imply seniority at other levels of rank, including ''general-major'' or ''major general'', denoting a low-level general officer, and '' sergeant major'', denoting the most senior non-commissioned officer (NCO) of a military unit. The term ''major'' can also be used with a hyphen to denote the leader of a military band suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tagmatarchis
, in more archaic context transliterated as (, abbreviated as ), anglicized as Tagmatarch, is used in the Greek language to mean "Major". More precisely, it means "commander of a " (). The rank dates to Antiquity and was also used in the Byzantine Empire. In the modern Hellenic Army, the rank is superior to a (, captain) and inferior to an (, Lieutenant Colonel Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colon ...), and held either usually by battalion () executive officers (battalions are typically commanded by Lieutenant Colonels). In this case they are addressed as "" (), or simply as "" () in other cases. File:GR-Army-OF3-1912.svg, Rank insignia of a , 1908–1936 File:GR-Army-OF3-1937.svg, Rank insignia of a , 1936–1968 File:Army-GRE-OF-03.svg, Current rank insignia of a , s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant
A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often subdivided into senior (first lieutenant) and junior ( second lieutenant and even third lieutenant) ranks. In navies, it is often equivalent to the army rank of captain; it may also indicate a particular post rather than a rank. The rank is also used in fire services, emergency medical services, security services and police forces. Lieutenant may also appear as part of a title used in various other organisations with a codified command structure. It often designates someone who is " second-in-command", and as such, may precede the name of the rank directly above it. For example, a "lieutenant master" is likely to be second-in-command to the "master" in an organisation using both ranks. Political uses include lieutenant governor in vari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warren Treadgold
Warren T. Treadgold (born April 30, 1949, Oxford, England) is an American historian and specialist in Byzantine studies. He is the National Endowment for the Humanities Professor of Byzantine Studies at Saint Louis University. His interest in the political, economic, military, social, and cultural history of the Byzantine Empire extends to the Byzantine historians themselves. Treadgold has also taught at UCLA, Stanford, Hillsdale, Berkeley, and Florida International University. He is married since September 25, 1982 to Irina Andreescu-Treadgold. Education Treadgold holds an AB from Harvard University (1970) and a PhD from the same university (1977). Books * ''The University We Need: Reforming America’s Higher Education'' (New York: Encounter Books Encounter Books is a book publisher in the United States known for publishing conservative authors. It was named for ''Encounter'', the now defunct literary magazine founded by Irving Kristol and Stephen Spender. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerome
Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; he is commonly known as Saint Jerome. Jerome was born at Stridon, a village near Emona on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia. He is best known for his translation of the Bible into Latin (the translation that became known as the Vulgate) and his commentaries on the whole Bible. Jerome attempted to create a translation of the Old Testament based on a Hebrew version, rather than the Septuagint, as Latin Bible translations used to be performed before him. His list of writings is extensive, and beside his biblical works, he wrote polemical and historical essays, always from a theologian's perspective. Jerome was known for his teachings on Christian moral life, especially to those living in cosmopolitan centers such as Rome. In many cases, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strategikon Of Maurice
The ''Strategikon'' or ''Strategicon'' ( el, Στρατηγικόν) is a manual of war regarded as written in late antiquity (6th century) and generally attributed to the Byzantine Emperor Maurice. Overview The work is a practical manual and according to its author ''"a rather modest elementary handbook ..for those devoting themselves to generalship"'', that was to serve as a general guide or handbook to Byzantine art of war. In the introduction of his 1984 translation of the text, George Dennis noted that ''"the Strategikon is written in a very straightforward and generally uncomplicated Greek."'' The ''Strategikon'' may have been written in an effort to codify the military reforms brought about by the soldier-emperor Maurice. The true authorship of the ''Strategikon'' is still debated among academics. Maurice may have only commissioned it and perhaps his brother Peter or, more likely, another general was the true author. The date also remains debated. If it was writte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians prefer to differentiate the Byzantine Empire from Ancient Rome a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
