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Last Days Of Mussolini
''Last Days of Mussolini'' (Italian: ''Mussolini: Ultimo atto'') is a 1974 Italian historical drama film co-written and directed by Carlo Lizzani and starring Rod Steiger, Franco Nero and Lisa Gastoni. The film depicts the days leading up to the death of Benito Mussolini, the Italian dictator, when he attempted to flee Milan in April 1945 at the end of European theatre of World War II, World War II in Europe. Plot summary In 1945, Benito Mussolini goes to Milan to talk with Archbishop Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster to request his help in escaping from Italy. The Italian Social Republic, Republic of Salò, the last bastion of fascism, is decaying, and Italian Campaign (World War II), the Americans, along with Italian resistance movement, the partisans are about to Liberation Day (Italy), win control of Milan. Mussolini flees, pursued by his lover Claretta Petacci, and manages to get to the northern village of Dongo, Lombardy, Dongo. There he clashes with the Germans, who order him to d ...
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Carlo Lizzani
Carlo Lizzani (3 April 1922 – 5 October 2013) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and critic. Biography Born in Rome, before World War II Lizzani worked as a scenarist on such films as Roberto Rossellini's '' Germany Year Zero'', Alberto Lattuada's ''The Mill on the Po'' (both 1948) and Giuseppe De Santis' ''Bitter Rice'' (1949), for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Story. After directing documentaries, he debuted as a feature director with the admired World War II drama ''Achtung! Banditi!'' (1951). Respected for his awarded drama ''Chronicle of Poor Lovers'' (1954), he has proven a solid director of genre films, notably crime films such as '' The Violent Four'' (1968) and '' Crazy Joe'' (1974) or crime-comedy ''Roma Bene'' (1971). His film ''L'oro di Roma'' (1961) examined events around the final deportation of the Jews of Rome and the Roman roundup, ''grande razzia'', of October 1943. For his 1968 film ''Bandits in Milan'' h ...
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Italian Resistance Movement
The Italian resistance movement (the ''Resistenza italiana'' and ''la Resistenza'') is an umbrella term for the Italian resistance groups who fought the occupying forces of Nazi Germany and the fascist collaborationists of the Italian Social Republic during the Second World War in Italy from 1943 to 1945. As an anti-fascist movement and organisation, ''La Resistenza'' opposed Nazi Germany, as well as Nazi Germany's Italian puppet state regime, the Italian Social Republic, which was created by the Germans following the Nazi German invasion and military occupation of Italy by the ''Wehrmacht'' and the '' Waffen-SS'' from September 1943 until April 1945 (though general underground Italian resistance and resistance groups to the Fascist Italian government began even prior to World War II). In Nazi-occupied Italy, the Italian anti-fascist resistance fighters, known as the ''partigiani'' ( partisans), fought a ''guerra di liberazione nazionale'', or a war for national liberation ...
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Rodolfo Graziani
Rodolfo Graziani, 1st Marquis of Neghelli (; 11 August 1882 – 11 January 1955), was a prominent Italian military officer in the Kingdom of Italy's '' Regio Esercito'' ("Royal Army"), primarily noted for his campaigns in Africa before and during World War II. A dedicated fascist and prominent member of the National Fascist Party, he was a key figure in the Italian military during the reign of Victor Emmanuel III. Graziani played an important role in the consolidation and expansion of the Italian colonial empire during the 1920s and 1930s, first in Libya and then in Ethiopia. He became infamous for harsh repressive measures, such as the use of concentration camps that caused many civilian deaths, and for extreme measures taken against the native resistance of the countries invaded by the Italian army, such as the hanging of Omar Mukhtar. Due to his brutal methods used in Libya, he was nicknamed ''Il macellaio del Fezzan'' ("the butcher of Fezzan"). In February 1937, after a ...
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Rodolfo Dal Pra
Rodolfo is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Rodolfo (footballer, born 1992), Brazilian footballer Rodolfo José da Silva Bardella * Rodolfo Albano III, Filipino politician * Rodolfo Vera Quizon Sr. (1928-2012), Filipino actor and comedian better known as Dolphy. *Rodolfo Bodipo (born 1977), naturalized Equatoguinean football striker *Rodolfo Dantas Bispo (born 1982), Brazilian footballer * Rodolfo Camacho (born 1975), Colombian road cyclist *Rodolfo Escalera (born 1929), Mexican American Oil Painter who specialized in realism * Rodolfo Fariñas (born 1951), Filipino politician *Rudy Fernández (basketball) (born 1985), Spanish basketball player *Rodolfo Graziani (born 1882), Italian military officer *Rodolfo Jiménez (born 1972), Mexican actor and television host *Rodolfo Landeros Gallegos (born 1931), Mexican politician * Rodolfo Manzo (born 1949), Peruvian footballer * Rodolfo Martín Villa (born 1934), Spanish politician * Rodolfo Massi (born 1965), Italian ...
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Giacomo Rossi Stuart
Giacomo Rossi Stuart (25 August 1925 – 20 October 1994) was an Italian film actor often credited as Jack Stuart or Giacomo Rossi-Stuart. He appeared in more than 80 films between 1953 and 1989. Biography Born in Todi to an Italian father and a Scottish mother, Stuart was a highly successful athlete when young; he competed in the pentathlon. After getting interested in acting, he studied at Actors Studio in New York City. Between the late 1950s and the late 1970s he was a major actor in Italian genre cinema. His children also went into acting: son Kim Rossi Stuart and daughter Valentina Rossi Stuart, who also is a stuntwoman. Selected filmography * ''Jeunes mariés'' (1953) * ''The Red Cloak'' (1955) * ''War and Peace'' (1956) - Young Cossack (uncredited) * ''Londra chiama Polo Nord'' (1956) - Henry * ''A Farewell to Arms'' (1957) - Carabiniere (uncredited) * '' The Silent Enemy'' (1958) - Rosati * ''Il Conte di Matera'' (1958) - Duca Paolo Bressi * ''The Day the Sky ...
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Bruno Corazzari
Bruno Corazzari (born 30 December 1940) is an Italian film, television and stage actor. Life and career Born in Castellarano, Reggio Emilia, Corazzari started his career in the second half of the sixties, playing minor roles in a number of Spaghetti Western films, usually being cast as a bad gunslinger and a member of the villain's band. In a few years he played roles of greater weight in other genres, namely giallo, poliziotteschi and adventure films. He was also active in art films, working with Marco Bellocchio, Franco Brocani and Maurizio Ponzi, among others. Since the late 1970s Corazzari focused his activities on television, appearing on numerous TV-movies and series, sometimes in main roles. Selected filmography * '' Death Rides a Horse'' (1967) - Walcott's Bartender * '' Halleluja for Django'' (1967) * '' The Belle Starr Story'' (1968) - Pinkerton Man * '' A Long Ride from Hell'' (1968) - Shorty * '' Per 100.000 dollari ti ammazzo'' (1968) - Gary * '' Days of Fire'' ...
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Raffaele Cadorna, Jr
Raffaele () is an Italian given name and surname, variant of the English Raphael. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Raffaele Amato, Italian mobster * Raffaele Cutolo, Italian mobster * Raffaele Ganci, Italian mobster * Raffaele Cantone, Italian magistrate *Raffaele De Rosa, Italian motorcycle racer * Raffaele Di Paco, Italian cyclist * Raffaele Fitto, Italian politician * Raffaele Guariglia, Italian politician *Raffaele Lombardo, Italian politician * Raffaele Palladino, Italian footballer * Raffaele Pinto, Italian racing driver * Raffaele Pisu, Italiano actor * Raffaele Riario, Italian cardinal * Raffaele Rossetti, Italian politician * Raffaele Carlo Rossi, Italian cardinal * Raffaele Viviani, Italian artist * Raffaele Contigiani (1920–2008), Italian architect Surname * Virginia Raffaele, Italian actress See also * Raphael (other) * Rafael (other) * San Raffaele (other) * Raffaello (other) Raffaello, Raffaele or Raffaelli ...
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Giuseppe Addobbati
Giuseppe Addobbati (31 December 1909 – 4 January 1986) was an Italian film actor known for his roles in Spaghetti Western and action films in the 1960s and 1970s. He was often billed as John MacDouglas for films released to an American audience. Addobbati was born in Makarska and later lived in Trieste. He made over 80 film appearances between 1937 and 1980 often as a police officer or law enforcer. He starred in films such as ''The Phantom of the Opera'' (1964), ''Blood For A Silver Dollar'' alongside Giuliano Gemma (Montgomery Wood) and in '' The Conformist'' (1970). He also made several horror film appearances such as ''Nightmare Castle'' in 1965 alongside Barbara Steele, Paul Muller, Helga Liné, Laurence Clift and Rik Battaglia Selected filmography * ''Condottieri'' (1937, regia di Luis Trenker) as Giovannis Vater * '' Queen of the Scala'' (1937, regia di Camillo Mastrocinque e Guido Salvini) as Guido Vernieri * '' Marcella'' (1937, regia di Guido Brignone) * ''G ...
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Lino Capolicchio
Lino Capolicchio (21 August 1943 – 3 May 2022) was an Italian actor, screenwriter, and director. He won a special David di Donatello acting award for his role in Vittorio de Sica's 1970 film, '' The Garden of the Finzi-Contini''. Capolicchio was a well-known television actor before breaking into film with an uncredited role in Franco Zeffirelli's ''The Taming of the Shrew'' in 1967. He appeared in over seventy films and television dramas. In 1995 he wrote and directed '' Pugili'', an award-winning film about the world of boxing. For three seasons, Capolicchio provided the voice for Bo Duke in the Italian broadcasts of '' The Dukes of Hazzard''. Partial filmography *1967: ''The Taming of the Shrew'' - Gregory (uncredited) *1968: '' Escalation'' - Luca Lambertinghi *1969: '' Metti una sera a cena'' - Rick / Nina's lover *1969: ''Il giovane normale'' - Giordano *1969: ''Vergogna schifosi'' - Carletto *1970: '' The Garden of the Finzi-Continis'' - Giorgio *1970: '' Le tue mani ...
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Giulino
Giulino (also known as Giulino di Mezzegra) is an Italian ''frazione'' of the ''Comune'' of Mezzegra, in the province of Como. Since 21 January 2014 both Giulino and Mezzegra are included in the comune of Tremezzina. History Early history The village was an autonomous municipality until 1928, when it merged into Mezzegra becoming its ''frazione'' (civil parish). Death of Mussolini The village has passed into history because it is the place where Benito Mussolini and his lover Claretta Petacci were killed on 28 April 1945, in front of a manor house named ''Villa Belmonte''. The execution was carried out by local resistance fighters ''(partigiani)'', who had captured the dictator at Dongo (often erroneously considered to be the place where the execution actually took place). Geography Giulino, part of the Intelvi geographical region, lies on the hills close to the north-western shore of the Lake Como. It is 2 km from Mezzegra, 30 from Como and 40 from Lugano (in Switz ...
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Due Process
Due process of law is application by state of all legal rules and principles pertaining to the case so all legal rights that are owed to the person are respected. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual person from it. When a government harms a person without following the exact course of the law, this constitutes a due process violation, which offends the rule of law. Due process has also been frequently interpreted as limiting laws and legal proceedings (see substantive due process) so that judges, instead of legislators, may define and guarantee fundamental fairness, justice, and liberty. That interpretation has proven controversial. Analogous to the concepts of natural justice and procedural justice used in various other jurisdictions, the interpretation of due process is sometimes expressed as a command that the government must not be unfair to the people or abuse them physically. The term is not used in contemporary English law, b ...
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Walter Audisio
Walter Audisio (; 28 June 1909 – 11 October 1973) was an Italian partisan and Communist politician, also known by his '' nom de guerre'' Colonel Valerio. A member of the Italian resistance movement during World War II, Audisio was involved in the death of Benito Mussolini, and personally executed the dictator and his mistress Clara Petacci according to the generally accepted account of the event. Biography Early activities Walter Audisio was born in Alessandria, in the north-western Piedmont region of Italy, in a family of modest economic conditions. He rose to the top of his class in school and found his first employment in a factory making Borsalino hats before working as an accountant. After his military service he got close to the underground anti-fascist movement and joined the illegal Communist Party of Italy in 1931. In 1932 he married Ernestina Ceriana, the daughter of another Communist militant. In May 1934 the group he was part of, which mostly distributed prop ...
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