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Guînes
Guînes (; vls, Giezene, lang; pcd, Guinne) is a commune in the northern French department of Pas-de-Calais. Historically it was spelt ''Guisnes''. On 7 January 1785, Jean-Pierre Blanchard, a French pioneer in hydrogen-balloon flight, completed the first crossing of the English Channel, landing in the woods south of Guînes where a memorial column stands today. Geography Guînes is located on the border of the two territories of the Boulonnais and Calaisis, at the edge of the now-drained marshes, which extend from there to the coast. The Guînes canal connects with Calais. History Historically, Guînes was the capital of a small county of the same name. After the Romans left, in the 5th century, there is little known about the town. In the Dark Ages, according to legend, the territory of Guînes became the property of one Aigneric, Mayor of the Palace of the Burgundian king Théodebert II. In 928, when the Danes invaded and seized the place, it was probably a defenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baldwin II, Count Of Guînes
Sir Baldwin II, Count of Guînes (died 2 January 1205), was a French nobleman. Biography Baldwin was a son of Arnoul I, Count de Guînes and Mathilde de Saint-Omer. He succeeded as Count of Guînes from 1169. He received Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury at Guînes in 1170.{{sfn, Barlow, 1990, p=223 Thomas had knighted Baldwin previously.{{sfn, Barlow, 1990, p=223 In 1191, Baldwin II was required to pay homage to the King of France after the ceding of his territory by the Count of Flanders. He also held lands in England. During a dispute with Renaud I, Count of Dammartin, he was captured whilst fighting. While Baldwin was released a little later, he died of the effects of his captivity. Marriage and issue Baldwin married Christine d'Ardres, daughter of Arnould IV de Marcq, vicomte d'Ardres and Adeline d'Ardres, they are known to have had the following issue. *Adeline de Guînes, married firstly Baldwin de Engoudsent and secondly Hugh de Malaunoy, had issue. *Mabille de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Guînes
Château de Guînes was a castle in Guînes, Pas-de-Calais, France. History Baldwin II, Count of Guînes, began construction of a castle at Guînes on top of an ancient fort in the late 12th century, consisting of a courtyard, surrounded by towers with a donjon. After the capture of Calais by King Edward III of England in 1349, the castle was captured by the English in 1352 by an English force led by the valet John of Doncaster. The French laid siege to the castle to regain control, however the siege was unsuccessful. In 1360, the Treaty of Brétigny surrendered the city and its county to England becoming part of the Pale of Calais. Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, laid siege to Guînes in 1436 with a force of Flemish militia. When an English relief army of some 10,000 men under Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester approached, the Duke of Burgundy abandoned the siege, leaving his artillery and large amounts of baggage behind. Francis d'Orléans, Count of Angoulême laid siege to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Pierre Blanchard
Jean-Pierre rançoisBlanchard (4 July 1753 – 7 March 1809) was a French inventor, best known as a pioneer of gas balloon flight, who distinguished himself in the conquest of the air in a balloon, in particular the first crossing of the English Channel, on 7 January 1785. Biography 1784 - Flights in Paris Blanchard made his first successful balloon flight in Paris on 2 March 1784, in a hydrogen gas balloon launched from the Champ de Mars. The first successful manned balloon flight had taken place on 21 November 1783, when Pilâtre de Rozier and the Marquis d'Arlandes took off at Palace of Versailles in a free-flying hot air balloon constructed by the Montgolfier brothers. The first manned hydrogen balloon flight had taken place on 1 December 1783, when Professor Jacques Charles and Nicolas-Louis Robert launched '' La Charlière'' from the Jardin des Tuileries in Paris. Blanchard's flight nearly ended in disaster, when one spectator (Dupont de Chambon, a contemporary of N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communauté De Communes Des Pays D'Opale
The communauté de communes des Pays d'Opale (before 2017: ''communauté de communes des Trois Pays'') was created on 27 December 1996 and is located in the Pas-de-Calais ''département'', in northern France. It lost four communes to the agglomeration community Grand Calais Terres et Mers on 1 December 2019. Its seat is Guînes.CC Pays d'Opale (N° SIREN : 200072478) BANATIC, accessed 8 April 2022. Its area is 189.3 km2, and its population was 25,188 in 2018.Comparateur de territoire INSEE, accessed 8 April 2022. Composition The communaut� ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Of The Cloth Of Gold
The Field of the Cloth of Gold (french: Camp du Drap d'Or, ) was a summit meeting between King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France from 7 to 24 June 1520. Held at Balinghem, between Ardres in France and Guînes in the English Pale of Calais, it was a very expensive display of wealth by both kings. The summit was arranged to increase the bond of friendship between the two kings following the Anglo-French treaty of 1514. These two monarchs would meet again in 1532 to arrange Francis's assistance in pressuring Pope Clement VII to pronounce Henry's first marriage as illegitimate. Under the guidance of English Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, the both of these European states sought to outlaw war forever among Christian peoples. Though now in France, Balinghem was at the time regarded as part of the English kingdom. This caused some tensions between the English and French, as the latter preferred a location closer to the border, but topographical considerations proved th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnulf I, Count Of Flanders
Arnulf I (c. 893/899 – 27 March 965), called "the Great", was the first Count of Flanders. Life Arnulf was the son of margrave Baldwin II of Flanders and Ælfthryth of Wessex, daughter of Alfred the Great.Detlev Schwennicke, '' Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, Marburg, Germany, 1984), Tafel 5 Through his mother he was a descendant of the Anglo-Saxon kings of England, and through his father, a descendant of Charlemagne.''The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 919–966'', ed. Steven Fanning & Bernard S. Bachrach (University of Toronto Press, CA, 2011), p. xx Presumably Arnulf was named either after Saint Arnulf of Metz, a progenitor of the Carolingian dynasty, or King Arnulf of Carinthia, whom his father supported. At the death of their father in 918, Arnulf became Count of Flanders while his brother Adeloft or Adelolf succeeded to the County of Boulogne. However, in 933 Adeloft died, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calais
Calais ( , , traditionally , ) is a port city in the Pas-de-Calais department, of which it is a subprefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's prefecture is its third-largest city of Arras. The population of the city proper is 72,929; that of the urban area is 149,673 (2018).Comparateur de territoire: Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Calais (073), Commune de Calais (62193) INSEE Calais overlooks the Strait of Dover, the narrowest point in the |
Pale Of Calais
The Pale of Calais was a territory in Northern France ruled by the monarchs of England for more than two hundred years from 1347 to 1558. The area, which was taken following the Battle of Crécy in 1346 and the subsequent siege of Calais, was confirmed at the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360. It became an important economic centre for England in Europe’s textile trade centred in Flanders. The Pale, which was historically part of Flanders, also provided England with a permanent strategic, defensible outpost from which it could plan and launch military action on the continent. Its position on the English Channel meant it could be reinforced, garrisoned and supplied over the short distance by sea. The territory was bilingual with English and Flemish commonly spoken. It was democratically represented in the Parliament of England by the Calais constituency. During the reign of Mary I, the Pale was unexpectedly retaken by the French following a siege in 1558 during its campaigns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calaisis
The Pale of Calais was a territory in Northern France ruled by the monarchs of England for more than two hundred years from 1347 to 1558. The area, which was taken following the Battle of Crécy in 1346 and the subsequent siege of Calais, was confirmed at the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360. It became an important economic centre for England in Europe’s textile trade centred in Flanders. The Pale, which was historically part of Flanders, also provided England with a permanent strategic, defensible outpost from which it could plan and launch military action on the continent. Its position on the English Channel meant it could be reinforced, garrisoned and supplied over the short distance by sea. The territory was bilingual with English and Flemish commonly spoken. It was democratically represented in the Parliament of England by the Calais constituency. During the reign of Mary I, the Pale was unexpectedly retaken by the French following a siege in 1558 during its campaigns ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulk Of Guines
Fulk is an old European personal name, probably deriving from the Germanic ''folk'' ("people" or "chieftain"). It is cognate with the French Foulques, the German Volk, the Italian Fulco and the Swedish Folke, along with other variants such as Fulke, Foulkes, Fulko, Folco, Folquet, and so on. However, the above variants are often confused with names derived from the Latin '' Falco'' ("falcon"), such as Fawkes, Falko, Falkes, and Faulques. Counts of Anjou * Fulk I, Count of Anjou (about 870–942), ''"the Red"'' *Fulk II, Count of Anjou (died 958), ''"the Good"'' *Fulk III, Count of Anjou (972–1040), ''"the Black"'' *Fulk IV, Count of Anjou (1043–1109), ''"le Réchin"'' * Fulk, King of Jerusalem (1089/1092–1143), ''"the Younger"'', also Count of Anjou Christian saints and clergymen * Saint Foulques de Fontenelle (died 845), French saint and 21st abbot of Fontenelle *Guy Foulques, later known as Clement IV, Pope 1265–1268 *Fulk (archbishop of Reims) (died 900), "the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Brétigny
The Treaty of Brétigny was a treaty, drafted on 8 May 1360 and ratified on 24 October 1360, between Kings Edward III of England and John II of France. In retrospect, it is seen as having marked the end of the first phase of the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) as well as the height of English power on the European continent. It was signed at Brétigny, a village near Chartres, and was later ratified as the Treaty of Calais on 24 October 1360. Background King John II of France, taken as a prisoner of war at the Battle of Poitiers (19 September 1356), worked with King Edward III of England to write out the Treaty of London. The treaty was condemned by the French Estates-General, who advised the Dauphin Charles to reject it. In response, Edward, who wished to yield few of the advantages claimed in the abortive Treaty of London the year before, besieged Rheims. The siege lasted until January and with supplies running low, Edward withdrew to Burgundy. After the English arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
