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Cypriniformes
Cypriniformes is an order of ray-finned fish, including the carps, minnows, loaches, and relatives. Cypriniformes is an Order within the Superorder Ostariophysi consisting of " Carp-like" Ostariophysins. This order contains 11-12 families, although some authorities have designated as many as 23, over 400 genera, and more than 4,250 species, with new species being described every few months or so, and new genera being recognized frequently.Eschmeyer, W.N., Fong, J.D. (2015Species by family/subfamilyin the Catalog of Fishes, California Academy of Sciences (retrieved 2 July 2015) They are most diverse in southeastern Asia, and are entirely absent from Australia and South America.Nelson (2006) At 112 years old, the longest-lived cypriniform fish documented is the bigmouth buffalo. Their closest living relatives are the Characiformes (characins and allies), the Gymnotiformes (electric eel and American knifefishes), and the Siluriformes (catfishes). Description Like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest vertebrate animal family in general with about 3,000 species, of which only 1,270 remain extant, divided into about 370 genera. Cyprinids range from about 12 mm in size to the giant barb (''Catlocarpio siamensis''). By genus and species count, the family makes up more than two-thirds of the ostariophysian order Cypriniformes. The family name is derived from the Greek word ( 'carp'). Biology and ecology Cyprinids are stomachless fish with toothless jaws. Even so, food can be effectively chewed by the gill rakers of the specialized last gill bow. These pharyngeal teeth allow the fish to make chewing motions against a chewing plate formed by a bony process of the skull. The pharyngeal teeth are unique to each species and are used b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cobitidae
Cobitidae, also known as the True loaches, is a family of Old World freshwater fish. They occur throughout Eurasia and in Morocco, and inhabit riverine ecosystems. Today, most "loaches" are placed in other families (see below). The family includes about 260 described species. New species are being described regularly.Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., Šlechtová, V. & Doadrio, I. (2016): Molecular Evidence for Multiple Origins of the European Spined Loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae). ''PLoS ONE, 11 (1): e0144628.'' Description and ecology The body forms of the Cobitidae tend to be vermiform – worm-shaped, long and thin. Most true loaches do not have true scales, and like many other Cypriniformes or catfishes, they have barbels at their mouths (usually three to six pairs). Some other traits typically found in this family are a small bottom-facing mouth suited to their scavenging benthic lifestyle, an erectile spine below the eye, and a single row of pharyngeal (throat) teeth. Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastromyzontidae
The Gastromyzontidae are a family of loaches native to China and Southeast Asia, where typically found in streams and rivers with a fast current. The family includes about 137 species in eighteen genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat .... This family was resurrected by M. Kottelat in his review and revision of the loaches in 2012. They are commonly called hillstream loaches (a name shared with balitoridae). References {{Cypriniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenocyprididae
Xenocyprinae, is a contentious subfamily of the family Cyprinidae, the carp and minnow family, originally from eastern Asia. Genera The 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' assigns the follow general to this subfamily: *'' Aristichthys'' Oshima, 1919 *''Hypophthalmichthys '' Bleeker, 1860 *''Xenocypris'' Günther, 1868 The taxonomy of the Cyprinids is somewhat contentious and other authorities differ with the above, for example the following genera are assigned to the subfamily Xenocyprinae on Fishbase or the 2018 phylogenetic study: *'' Distoechodon'' Peters, 1881 *''Hypophthalmichthys'' Bleeker, 1860 *''Metzia'' Jordan & Thompson, 1914 *'' Plagiognathops'' Berg, 1907 *'' Pseudobrama'' Bleeker, 1870 *''Xenocypris'' Günther, 1868 Taxonomy Cyprinidae is a large, widespread and diverse family of, mainly, freshwater ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botiidae
Botiidae is a family of cypriniform ray-finned fishes from South, Southeast, and East Asia. Until recently they were placed in the true loach family Cobitidae, until Maurice Kottelat revised the loaches and re-elevated this taxon to family rank in 2012.Kottelat, M. (2012)Conspectus cobitidum: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei). ''The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology'', Supplement No. 26: 1-199. The family includes about 56 species. The Botiids are more robust than most of their relatives in Cobitidae and tend to have a more or less arched back, yielding an altogether more fusiform shape. Botiids typically have a pointed snout of intermediate length, while many cobitids are remarkably stub-nosed. Botiids are generally fairly small, with maximum lengths between depending on the species involved, although '' Leptobotia elongata'' reaches (''Chromobotia macracanthus'' has been claimed to reach a similar size, but this would be exceptional). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catostomidae
The Catostomidae are the suckers of the order Cypriniformes, with about 78 species in this family of freshwater fishes. The Catostomidae are almost exclusively native to North America. The only exceptions are '' Catostomus catostomus,'' found in both North America and Russia, and '' Myxocyprinus asiaticus'' found only in China. In the Ozarks they are a common food fish and a festival is held each year to celebrate them. '' Ictiobus cyprinellus'' can reach an age up to 112 years, making it the oldest known freshwater teleost. Description and biology The mouths of these fish are most commonly located on the underside of their head ( subterminal), with thick, fleshy lips. Most species are less than in length, but the largest species ('' Ictiobus'' and '' Myxocyprinus'') can surpass . They are distinguished from related fish by having a long pharyngeal bone in the throat, containing a single row of teeth. Catostomids are most often found in rivers, but can be found in any freshw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paedocyprididae
''Paedocypris'' is a genus of tiny cyprinid fish found in swamps and streams on the Southeast Asian islands of Borneo, Sumatra and Bintan. ''Paedocypris progenetica'' has been claimed to be the one of smallest known species of fish in the world. The smallest mature female measured and the largest known individual was . Species The three currently recognized species in this genus are: * '' Paedocypris carbunculus'' Britz & Kottelat, 2008 * '' Paedocypris micromegethes'' Kottelat, Britz, H. H. Tan & K. E. Witte, 2006 * ''Paedocypris progenetica'' Kottelat, Britz, H. H. Tan & K. E. Witte, 2006 Taxonomy Two species were discovered and identified by ichthyologists Maurice Kottelat from Switzerland and Tan Heok Hui from the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research and the National University of Singapore in 1996. Their osteology was studied by Ralf Britz at London's Natural History Museum. In 1994, the same ichthyologists had already discovered in Sarawak (Malaysian part of Bor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danionidae
The danionins are a group of small, minnow-type fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. Members of this group are mostly in the genera ''Danio'', ''Devario'', and ''Rasbora''._They_are_primarily_native_to_the_s_...''._They_are_primarily_native_to_the_fresh_water">outheast_Asia,_as_well_as_southeast_China._A_single_species,_''R._gerlachi'',_is_only_known_from_an_old_Zoological_specimen">s_...''._They_are_primarily_native_to_the_fresh_waters_of_South_Asia.html" "title="fresh_water.html" ;"title="outheast Asia, as well as southeast China. A single species, ''R. gerlachi'', is only known from an old Zoological specimen">s ...''. They are primarily native to the fresh water">outheast Asia, as well as southeast China. A single species, ''R. gerlachi'', is only known from an old Zoological specimen">s ...''. They are primarily native to the fresh waters of South Asia">South and Southeast Asia, with fewer species in Africa. Many species are brightly coloured and are available as aquarium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psilorhynchidae
''Psilorhynchus'' is a genus of fish in the family ''Psilorhynchidae'' native to South Asia. This genus is the only member of its family. The members of ''Psilorhynchus'' are small benthic fishes which occur in rivers and streams with fast to swift currents, hence they are often referred to a torrent minnows. They are distributed in southern Asia, in the Indo-Burma region and the Western Ghats. The genus is the sister group to the family Cyprinidae, and with that family the Psilorhynchidae makes up the superfamily Cyprinoidea, with all the other cypriniform families in the superfamily Cobitoidea. Species There are currently 29 recognized species in this genus: * '' Psilorhynchus amplicephalus'' Arunachalam, Muralidharan & Sivakumar, 2007 * '' Psilorhynchus arunachalensis'' ( Nebeshwar, Bagra & D. N. Das, 2007) * ''Psilorhynchus balitora'' ( F. Hamilton, 1822) * '' Psilorhynchus brachyrhynchus'' Conway & Britz, 2010 Conway, K.W. & Britz, R. (2010)Three new species of ''Psil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyrinocheilidae
''Gyrinocheilus'' is the single genus in the family Gyrinocheilidae, a family of small Southeast Asian cypriniform fishes that live in fast-flowing freshwater mountain streams. The species in this genus are commonly called "algae eaters." They hold on to fixed objects using a sucker-like mouth, and, despite the name, feed on a wide range of detritus, rather than simply on algae. A "golden" variety of ''G. aymonieri'', the Chinese algae eater or "sucking loach", can be found in many pet shops and fish farms. Sucker The mouths of these fish have developed into a suckermouth, which allows the fish to cling onto objects in the fast-moving water of their habitat. They therefore stay close to the bottom, where their primary food, algae, is more readily available. Uniquely among fish, members of this family have gill slits with two openings each. Water enters through one opening, and leaves through the other. This allows the fish to breathe without having to take water in through the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gobionidae
Gobioninae is a monophyletic subfamily of Eurasian cyprinid fishes. A species-rich subfamily, it is divided into five tribes: Gobionini, Pseudogobionini, Hemibarbini, Coreiini, and Sarcocheilichthyini. To adapt to different masticatory operations, members of the Gobioninae developed various types of pharyngeal bones and teeth; some have intermediate pharyngeal bones with rows of diverse teeth (conical, compressed, and coarsely compressed), others have broad pharyngeal bones with a single row of molar teeth. Some Gobioninae have narrow pharyngeal bones with a row of extremely compressed teeth. Genera These genera are included in the subfamily Gobioninae according to Fishbase: * '' Abbottina'' * ''Acanthogobio'' * '' Belligobio'' * '' Biwia'' * '' Coreius'' * ''Coreoleuciscus'' * ''Gnathopogon'' * ''Gobio'' * '' Gobiobotia'' * ''Gobiocypris'' * '' Hemibarbus'' * '' Huigobio'' * '' Ladislavia'' * '' Mesogobio'' * '' Microphysogobio'' * ''Paracanthobrama'' * ''Paraleucogobio'' * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leuciscidae
Leuciscinae is a subfamily of the freshwater fish family Cyprinidae, which contains the true minnows. Members of the Old World (OW) clade of minnows within this subfamily are known as European minnows. As the name suggests, most members of the OW clade are found in Eurasia, aside from the golden shiner (''Notemigonus crysoleucas''), which is found in eastern North America. According to ancestral area reconstruction, the subfamily Leuiciscinae is thought to have originated in Europe before becoming widely distributed in parts of Europe, Asia and North America. Evidence for the dispersal of this subfamily can be marked by biogeographical scenarios/observations, geomorphological changes, phylogenetic relationships as well as evidence for vicariance events taking place through time. Through analyses and evidence of divergence time, it was observed that the two monophyletic groups, the phoxinins and the leuciscins, had shared a common ancestor dating to approximately 70.7 million year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
