|
Caenorhabditis
''Caenorhabditis'' is a genus of nematodes which live in bacteria-rich environments like compost piles, decaying dead animals and rotting fruit. The name comes from Greek: caeno- (καινός (caenos) = new, recent); rhabditis = rod-like (ῥάβδος (rhabdos) = rod, wand). In 1900, Maupas initially named the species '' Rhabditis elegans'', Osche placed it in the subgenus ''Caenorhabditis'' in 1952, and in 1955, Dougherty raised ''Caenorhabditis'' to the status of genus. The genus ''Caenorhabditis'' contains the noted model organism ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' and several other species for which a genome sequence is either available or currently being determined. The two most-studied species in this genus (''C. elegans'' and ''C. briggsae'') are both androdioecious (they have male and hermaphrodite sexes) whereas most other species are gonochoristic (they have male and female sexes). ''C. elegans'' is the type species of the genus. Ecology ''Caenorhabditis'' occupy various ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Sp
''Caenorhabditis'' is a genus of nematodes which live in bacteria-rich environments like compost piles, decaying dead animals and rotting fruit. The name comes from Greek: caeno- (καινός (caenos) = new, recent); rhabditis = rod-like (ῥάβδος (rhabdos) = rod, wand). In 1900, Maupas initially named the species ''Rhabditis elegans'', Osche placed it in the subgenus ''Caenorhabditis'' in 1952, and in 1955, Dougherty raised ''Caenorhabditis'' to the status of genus. The genus ''Caenorhabditis'' contains the noted model organism '' Caenorhabditis elegans'' and several other species for which a genome sequence is either available or currently being determined. The two most-studied species in this genus (''C. elegans'' and ''C. briggsae'') are both androdioecious (they have male and hermaphrodite sexes) whereas most other species are gonochoristic (they have male and female sexes). ''C. elegans'' is the type species of the genus. Ecology ''Caenorhabditis'' occupy var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Elegans
''Caenorhabditis elegans'' () is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments. It is the type species of its genus. The name is a blend of the Greek ''caeno-'' (recent), ''rhabditis'' (rod-like) and Latin ''elegans'' (elegant). In 1900, Maupas initially named it '' Rhabditides elegans.'' Osche placed it in the subgenus ''Caenorhabditis'' in 1952, and in 1955, Dougherty raised ''Caenorhabditis'' to the status of genus. ''C. elegans'' is an unsegmented pseudocoelomate and lacks respiratory or circulatory systems. Most of these nematodes are hermaphrodites and a few are males. Males have specialised tails for mating that include spicules. In 1963, Sydney Brenner proposed research into ''C. elegans,'' primarily in the area of neuronal development. In 1974, he began research into the molecular and developmental biology of ''C. elegans'', which has since been extensively used as a model organism. It was the first mult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Sinica
''Caenorhabditis sinica'', is a species of ''Caenorhabditis'' nematodes, belonging to the ''Elegans'' super-group and ''Elegans'' group within the genus. It is closely related to several species isolated from the lands adjacent to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, as well as to ''C. briggsae'' and ''C. nigoni.'' The species was known as “''C. sp. 5''” prior to 2014. ''C. sinica'' is known for having very high genetic diversity in its genome. Like other ''Caenorhabditis'' species, ''C. sinica'' is a ~1mm long roundworm with a transparent cuticle and that eats bacteria. Wild isolate strains of ''C. sinica'' have been collected from various rotting plant tissue substrates in temperate and tropical regions throughout China since its initial isolation in 2005. Anatomy Measurements of adult ''C. sinica'' returned a mean body length of 1531.9μm for females and 959.81μm for males. The average male size of ''C. sinica'' is comparatively larger than males from the model system ''C. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Nigoni
''Caenorhabditis nigoni'' is a male-female species in the Elegans group of the genus ''Caenorhabditis'', first identified and described as "''Caenorhabditis'' species 9" or "''C''. sp. 9" before being renamed as "''C. nigoni''". The specific epithet is a tribute to Victor Nigon who first studied ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' in the laboratory with Ellsworth Dougherty in the 1940s (Nigon, 1949). Isolates come from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South Ca ..., India. ''C. briggsae'' hybrids research ''C. nigoni'' is noteworthy because it is very closely related to the hermaphroditic species, '' C. briggsae''. Despite substantial differences between ''C. nigoni'' and ''C. briggsae'' in their modes of sexual reproduction (50:50% fema ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Remanei
''Caenorhabditis remanei'' is a species of nematode found in North America and Europe, and likely lives throughout the temperate world. Several strains have been developed in the laboratory.''C. remanei''. The Genome Center at Washington University. Habitat This 1-mm nematode lives in , , and similar materials, where it consumes . It may be found in association with soil-living invertebrates such as |
Nematode
The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant- parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broad range of environments. Less formally, they are categorized as Helminths, but are taxonomically classified along with arthropods, tardigrades and other moulting animals in the clade Ecdysozoa, and unlike flatworms, have tubular digestive systems with openings at both ends. Like tardigrades, they have a reduced number of Hox genes, but their sister phylum Nematomorpha has kept the ancestral protostome Hox genotype, which shows that the reduction has occurred within the nematode phylum. Nematode species can be difficult to distinguish from one another. Consequently, estimates of the number of nematode species described to date vary by author and may change rapidly over time. A 2013 survey of animal biodiversity published in the mega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhabditidae
The Rhabditidae are a family of nematodes which includes the model organism ''Caenorhabditis elegans''. Genera ''Bursilla'' *''Bursilla monhysteria'' (Butschli, 1873) ''Caenorhabditis'' *''Caenorhabditis brenneri'' Sudhaus & Kiontke, 2007 *''Caenorhabditis briggsae'' *''Caenorhabditis dolichura'' *''Caenorhabditis elegans'' Maupas, 1900 *''Caenorhabditis rara'' ''Diploscapter'' Genus ''Diploscapter'' *''Diploscapter bicornis'' *''Diploscapter coronata'' (Cobb, 1893) *''Diploscapter lycostoma'' *'' Diploscapter pachys'' ''Halicephalobus'' *'' Halicephalobus gingivalis'' (Stefanski, 1954) Andrássy, 1984 *'' Halicephalobus mephisto'' Borgonie, García-Moyano, Litthauer, Bert, Bester, van Heerden, Möller, Erasmus & Onstott, 2011 *'' Halicephalobus similigaster'' (Andrássy, 1952) ''Macramphis'' *'' Macramphis stercorarius'' ''Mesorhabditis'' *'' Mesorhabditis acris'' *'' Mesorhabditis irregularis'' *'' Mesorhabditis oschei'' *'' Mesorhabditis spiculigera'' ''Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Briggsae
''Caenorhabditis briggsae'' is a small nematode, closely related to ''Caenorhabditis elegans''. The differences between the two species are subtle. The male tail in ''C. briggsae'' has a slightly different morphology from ''C. elegans''. Other differences include changes in vulval precursor competence and the placement of the excretory duct opening. ''C. briggsae'' is frequently used to study the differences between it and the more intimately understood ''C. elegans'', especially at the DNA and protein sequence level. Several mutant strains of ''C. briggsae'' have also been isolated that facilitate genetic analysis of this organism. ''C. briggsae'', like ''C. elegans'', is a hermaphrodite. The genome sequence for ''C. briggsae'' was determined in 2003. History ''C. briggsae'' was initially discovered by Margaret Briggs in 1944. The first individuals were isolated from a pile of leaves found on the Palo Alto campus of Stanford University. Briggs, who was studying for her MS, id ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Androdioecy
Androdioecy is a reproductive system characterized by the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites. Androdioecy is rare in comparison with the other major reproductive systems: dioecy, gynodioecy and hermaphroditism. In animals, androdioecy has been considered a stepping stone in the transition from dioecy to hermaphroditism, and vice versa. Androdioecy is sometimes referred to as a mixed breeding system with trioecy and gynodioecy. It is a dimorphic sexual system in plants alongside gynodioecy and dioecy. Evolution of androdioecy The fitness requirements for androdioecy to arise and sustain itself are theoretically so improbable that it was long considered that such systems do not exist. Particularly, males and hermaphrodites have to have the same fitness, in other words the same number of offspring, in order to be maintained. However, males only have offspring by fertilizing eggs or ovules of hermaphrodites, while hermaphrodites have offspring both through fertilizing eggs o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Latens
''Caenorhabditis latens'' is a species of nematodes. Prior to 2014, it was referred to as ''Caenorhabditis sp. 23''. The reference strain VX88 was isolated from soil near a lotus pond and strain VX85 was isolated from soil under rotten grass in Juifeng Village, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. This species groups with '' C. remanei'' in the 'Elegans' supergroup in phylogenetic studies Kiontke, Karin; Félix, Marie-Anne, Ailion, Michael; Rockman, Matthew V.; Braendle, Christian; Pénigault, Jean-Baptiste; Fitch, David H. A. (21 November 2011). "A phylogeny and molecular barcodes for ''Caenorhabditis'', with numerous new species from rotting fruits". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11:339, References External links Strain VX85at Caenorhabditis Genetics Center, University of Minnesota Strain VX88at Caenorhabditis Genetics Center, University of Minnesota RhabditinaDBat Department of Biology, New York University latens ''Caenorhabditis latens'' is a species of nematodes. Prior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Model Organism
A model organism (often shortened to model) is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model organism will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. Model organisms are widely used to research human disease when human experimentation would be unfeasible or unethical. This strategy is made possible by the common descent of all living organisms, and the conservation of metabolic and developmental pathways and genetic material over the course of evolution. Studying model organisms can be informative, but care must be taken when generalizing from one organism to another. In researching human disease, model organisms allow for better understanding the disease process without the added risk of harming an actual human. The species chosen will usually meet a determined taxonomic equivalency to humans, so as to react to disease or its treatment in a way that resemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caenorhabditis Inopinata
''Caenorhabditis inopinata'' - prior to 2017 referred to as ''C. sp. 34.'' - is a sister species to ''C. elegans'' (it is classified in the 'Elegans' supergroup). The specific epithet comes from the Latin inopinus (“unexpected”). This gonochoristic (male-female) species was isolated from figs (''Ficus septica'') and fig wasps in Ishigaki Island, in Japan. It was recovered by N. Kanzaki in 2013. It is a larger species than ''C. elegans''. Its genome is being sequenced at the University of Miyazaki is a national university primarily in the Kibana neighborhood of southern Miyazaki city, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. The name is sometimes shortened to the abbreviation "UoM" or the portmanteau "Miyadai." The predecessor of the school was founded ....Kikuchi T., Tsai I., Berriman M., Sugimoto A. and Kanzaki N. Evolutionary insights from the genome, morphology and natural history of Caenorhabditis inopinata, the sister species of C. elegans References External links ''Caeno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
