Óbuda was a town in

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

that was merged with Buda and Pest on 17 November 1873; it now forms part of District III-Óbuda-Békásmegyer of

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

. The name means ''Old Buda'' in Hungarian (in German, ''Alt-Ofen''). The name in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian for this city is ''Stari Budim'', but the local Croat minority calls it ''Obuda'' (the name "Budim" is used for the fortress in Buda). In

Czech Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus' Places * Czech, ...

it is called ''Starý Budín''. The island (

Óbuda Island Óbuda was a town in Hungary that was merged with Buda and Pest on 17 November 1873; it now forms part of District III-Óbuda-Békásmegyer of Budapest. The name means ''Old Buda'' in Hungarian (in German, ''Alt-Ofen''). The name in Bosnian, ...

) next to this part of the city today hosts the

Sziget Festival The Sziget Festival ( hu, Sziget Fesztivál, ; "Sziget" for "Island") is one of the largest music and cultural festivals in Europe. It is held every August in northern Budapest, Hungary, on Óbudai-sziget ("Old Buda Island"), a leafy 108-hect ...

, a huge music and cultural festival. Óbuda's centre is ''Fő tér'' (Main Square), connected to a small square with a sculpture of people waiting for the rain to stop. It is accessible by HÉV (''Szentlélek tér'' station).

History

Settlements dating from the Stone Age have been found in Óbuda. The

Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

built there

Aquincum Aquincum (, ) was an ancient city, situated on the northeastern borders of the province of Pannonia within the Roman Empire. The ruins of the city can be found today in Budapest, the capital city of Hungary. It is believed that Marcus Aurelius w ...

, the capital of Pannonia province. Hungarians arrived after 900 and it served as an important settlement of major tribal leaders, later kings. The site was the location of royal and ecclesiastic foundations. King

Béla IV Béla may refer to: * Béla (crater), an elongated lunar crater * Béla (given name), a common Hungarian male given name See also * Bela (disambiguation) * Belá (disambiguation) * Bělá (disambiguation) Bělá, derived from ''bílá'' (''wh ...

built a new capital after the 1241-42 catastrophic

Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...

invasion in Buda, somewhat south of Óbuda. In the fourteenth century, Óbuda featured a convent of the

Poor Clares The Poor Clares, officially the Order of Saint Clare ( la, Ordo sanctae Clarae) – originally referred to as the Order of Poor Ladies, and later the Clarisses, the Minoresses, the Franciscan Clarist Order, and the Second Order of Saint Francis ...

. The obscured historical remains of Óbuda, together with the role it played in nineteenth-century poetry, has resulted it being subject to various historical disputes. A commemorative plaque appears on the building erected on the site of the former Jewish Elementary School in Óbuda (Óbuda Street Nr 6) commemorating victims of the

Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...

People

* Károly Bebo (1712–1779) – sculptor * József Manes Österreicher (1759–1831) – physician * Pál Harrer (1829–1914) – the first and only mayor of Óbuda *

Egon Orowan Egon Orowan FRS ( hu, Orován Egon) (August 2, 1902 – August 3, 1989) was a Hungarian- British physicist and metallurgist. According to György Marx, he was one of The Martians. Life Orowan was born in the Óbuda district of Budapest. ...

(1902–1989) –

physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...

and metallurgist

Museums

*Aquincum Museum, small museum displays jewels, glassware, metal tools, and wall paintings relating to the lives of ancient Romans living in Aquincum. The museum's outdoor site contains remnants of the town, including courtyards, baths, a market place, shrines, large columns, sculptures, and a stone sarcophagus. Roman ruins elsewhere in Óbuda include baths that served the Roman legionnaires stationed in

, the Hercules Villa, and two

amphitheatre An amphitheatre (British English) or amphitheater (American English; both ) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ('), from ('), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and ...

s, the Aquincum Civil Amphitheater and the larger Aquincum Military Amphitheatre. *Kassák Museum, a branch museum of the Petőfi Literary Museum; features items relating to the life and work of the Hungarian avant garde writer

Lajos Kassák Lajos Kassák (March 21, 1887 – July 22, 1967) was a Hungarian poet, novelist, painter, essayist, editor, theoretician of the avant-garde, and occasional translator. He was among the first genuine working-class writers in Hungarian litera ...

(1887-1967) *Obudai Museum, primary collection features local history; the museum also encompasses Hungary's only toy museum, and the Zsigmond Kun Flat Museum, which features folk furniture *Museum of Hungarian Trade and Tourism *Vasarely Museum, Zichy Palace, features work by

Vasarely Victor Vasarely (; born Győző Vásárhelyi, ; 9 April 1906 – 15 March 1997) was a Hungarian-French artist, who is widely accepted as a "grandfather" and leader of the Op art movement. His work entitled ''Zebra'', created in 1937, is consi ...

, as well as temporary exhibitions of other Hungarian artists

Sport

* III. Kerületi TVE, football team *

33 FC 33 FC is a Hungarian football club from the town of Óbuda, Budapest. History 33 FC debuted in the 1902 season of the Hungarian League and finished third. From 1926 to 1929, while they were named Budai 33, legendary Hungarian footballer ...

, football team

References

External links

*
A Walk through Old Buda
{{DEFAULTSORT:Obuda Chabad communities Chabad in Europe Jewish communities in Hungary Roman settlements in Hungary