The voiceless palatal lateral fricative is a type of
consonant
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. Examples are and pronounced with the lips; and pronounced with the front of the tongue; and pronounced w ...
al sound, used in a few
spoken language
Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of ...
s.
This sound is somewhat rare;
Dahalo has both a palatal lateral fricative and an
affricate
An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal). It is often difficult to decide if a stop and fricative form a single phoneme or a consonant pai ...
;
Hadza has a series of affricates. In
Bura, it is the realization of palatalized and contrasts with .
The IPA proper has no dedicated symbol for this sound. The devoicing and raising diacritics may be used to transcribe it: . However, the
extIPA
The Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for Disordered Speech, commonly abbreviated extIPA , are a set of letters and diacritics devised by the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association to augment the Internatio ...
has the expected letter :
was added to Unicode in 2021.
If distinction is necessary, the voiceless alveolo-palatal lateral fricative may be transcribed as (
retracted and
palatalized ) or (devoiced,
advanced and
raised ); these are essentially equivalent, since the contact includes both the blade and body (but not the tip) of the tongue. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are
K_-_j
or
K_-'
and
L_0_+_r
, respectively. A non-IPA letter (devoiced and raised can be used, which is an ordinary "l", plus the curl found in the symbols for alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives ).
Some scholars also posit the voiceless palatal lateral approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as .
Features
Features of the voiceless palatal lateral fricative:
Occurrence
Notes
References
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See also
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Index of phonetics articles
A
* Acoustic phonetics
* Active articulator
* Affricate
* Airstream mechanism
* Alexander John Ellis
* Alexander Melville Bell
* Alfred C. Gimson
* Allophone
* Alveolar approximant ()
* Alveolar click ()
* Alveolar consonant
* Alveolar e ...
External links
*
{{IPA navigation
Lateral consonants
Pulmonic consonants
Voiceless oral consonants
Palatal consonants