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The voiceless palatal lateral fricative is a type of
consonant In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. Examples are and pronounced with the lips; and pronounced with the front of the tongue; and pronounced w ...
al sound, used in a few spoken
language Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of ...
s. This sound is somewhat rare; Dahalo has both a palatal lateral fricative and an
affricate An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal). It is often difficult to decide if a stop and fricative form a single phoneme or a consonant pai ...
; Hadza has a series of affricates. In Bura, it is the realization of palatalized and contrasts with . The IPA proper has no dedicated symbol for this sound. The devoicing and raising diacritics may be used to transcribe it: . However, the
extIPA The Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for Disordered Speech, commonly abbreviated extIPA , are a set of letters and diacritics devised by the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association to augment the Internatio ...
has the expected letter : was added to Unicode in 2021. If distinction is necessary, the voiceless alveolo-palatal lateral fricative may be transcribed as ( retracted and palatalized ) or (devoiced, advanced and raised ); these are essentially equivalent, since the contact includes both the blade and body (but not the tip) of the tongue. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are K_-_j or K_-' and L_0_+_r, respectively. A non-IPA letter (devoiced and raised can be used, which is an ordinary "l", plus the curl found in the symbols for alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives ). Some scholars also posit the voiceless palatal lateral approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as .


Features

Features of the voiceless palatal lateral fricative:


Occurrence


Notes


References

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See also

*
Index of phonetics articles A * Acoustic phonetics * Active articulator * Affricate * Airstream mechanism * Alexander John Ellis * Alexander Melville Bell * Alfred C. Gimson * Allophone * Alveolar approximant () * Alveolar click () * Alveolar consonant * Alveolar e ...


External links

* {{IPA navigation Lateral consonants Pulmonic consonants Voiceless oral consonants Palatal consonants