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The stamp seal is a carved object, usually stone, first made in the
Different from the Minoan stamp-seals, the Indus stamp-seals probably have a different function from the stamp seals of the Minoan civilization, as they typically have script characters, with still undeciphered associations.
File:WLA brooklynmuseum Stamp Seal of Meru-the Answerer of Horus.jpg, Stamp seal of an Egyptian named:
Meru-the Answerer of Horus
( Brooklyn Museum) File:Cylinder seals and stamps REM.JPG, Stamp seals
Detail of Stamp seal-Medium Res
mcclungmuseum.utk.edu—''Jar, and associated Stamp Seal''
– at the
4th millennium BC
The 4th millennium BC spanned the years 4000 BC to 3001 BC. Some of the major changes in human culture during this time included the beginning of the Bronze Age and the invention of writing, which played a major role in starting recorded history. ...
, and probably earlier. They were used to impress their picture or inscription into soft, prepared clay.
Seal devices have seldom survived through time; it is usually only their impressions. A major exception are the cylinder seal
A cylinder seal is a small round cylinder, typically about one inch (2 to 3 cm) in length, engraved with written characters or figurative scenes or both, used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally ...
s made of stone, of which examples of their ancient impressions have survived as well, the majority being of clay tablet
In the Ancient Near East, clay tablets ( Akkadian ) were used as a writing medium, especially for writing in cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age and well into the Iron Age.
Cuneiform characters were imprinted on a wet clay tablet with a sty ...
s sealed as an ''authentication''.
The Halaf culture
The Halaf culture is a prehistoric period which lasted between about 6100 BC and 5100 BC. The period is a continuous development out of the earlier Pottery Neolithic and is located primarily in the fertile valley of the Khabur River (Nahr al-K ...
saw the earliest known appearance of stamp seals in the Near East.
Indus stamp-seal
Different from the Minoan stamp-seals, the Indus stamp-seals probably have a different function from the stamp seals of the Minoan civilization, as they typically have script characters, with still undeciphered associations.
Gallery
Meru-the Answerer of Horus
( Brooklyn Museum) File:Cylinder seals and stamps REM.JPG, Stamp seals
See also
*Ancient Near Eastern seals and sealing practices
Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history to as far as late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the Sumerian cuneiform script. Ancient history cove ...
* Bulla (seal)
* Cylinder seal
A cylinder seal is a small round cylinder, typically about one inch (2 to 3 cm) in length, engraved with written characters or figurative scenes or both, used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally ...
* Impression seal
The impression seal is a common seal that leaves an impression, typically in clay and less often in sealing wax. In antiquity they were common, largely because they served to authenticate legal documents, such as tax receipts, contracts, wills an ...
* Indus script
The Indus script, also known as the Harappan script, is a corpus of symbols produced by the Indus Valley Civilisation. Most inscriptions containing these symbols are extremely short, making it difficult to judge whether or not they constituted ...
* LMLK seals from Lachish
Lachish ( he, לכיש; grc, Λαχίς; la, Lachis) was an ancient Canaanite and Israelite city in the Shephelah ("lowlands of Judea") region of Israel, on the South bank of the Lakhish River, mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible. Th ...
, ca 700 BCE.
* MMST
MMST (Hebrew: ''MMŠT'') is a word written in Paleo-Hebrew abjad script. It appears exclusively on LMLK seal inscriptions, seen in archaeological findings from the ancient Kingdom of Judah, whose meaning has been the subject of continual controv ...
* Seal (emblem)
A seal is a device for making an impression in wax, clay, paper, or some other medium, including an embossment on paper, and is also the impression thus made. The original purpose was to authenticate a document, or to prevent interference with a ...
* Tell Halaf
Tell Halaf ( ar, تل حلف) is an archaeological site in the Al Hasakah governorate of northeastern Syria, a few kilometers from the city of Ra's al-'Ayn near the Turkish border. The site, which dates to the 6th millennium BCE, was the firs ...
References
* Garbini. ''Landmarks of the World's Art, The Ancient World,'' by Giovanni Garbini, (McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, Toronto), General Eds, Bernard S. Myers, New York, Trewin Copplestone, London, c 1966. Numerous examples of theCylinder seal
A cylinder seal is a small round cylinder, typically about one inch (2 to 3 cm) in length, engraved with written characters or figurative scenes or both, used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally ...
; ( 3 ) separate Discussions (only) of "Stamp sealing". No seals, or impressions thereof.
*P. Yule, ''Early Cretan Seals: A Study of Chronology.'' Marburger Studien zur Vor und Frühgeschichte 4 (Mainz 1981),
http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/yule1981/ Online
External links
Detail of Stamp seal-Medium Res
mcclungmuseum.utk.edu—''Jar, and associated Stamp Seal''
– at the
Oriental Institute of Chicago
The Oriental Institute (OI), established in 1919, is the University of Chicago's interdisciplinary research center for ancient Near Eastern ("Orient") studies and archaeology museum. It was founded for the university by professor James Henry Brea ...
.
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Seals (insignia)